the mutative strain, after excerpted the optima formula of medium for seeds and fermentation with the method of orthogonal design, were mutagenesised by UV, 60 Co and so on. The production of mutant was enhanced to 150% of the original one.

Objective To explore the danger of lead exposure in newborns who accepted the blood stored in blood bank for blood change treatment.Methods The lead level of blood was examined before and after blood change treatment for 37 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who accepted 53 cases blood stored in blood bank during Jun.to Dec.2006.The level of blood lead was measured by graphite stove atom absorb spectrum method.Results The average lead level of 53 cases blood stored in blood bank was 101.02 ?g/L,which had attained the level of lead poisoning.There were 15 cases(28.5%) whose blood lead levels was very high(≥100 ?g/L),3 cases whose blood lead level ≥200 ?g/L.After blood change treatment,the percentage of the blood lead level ≥100 ?g/L rose from 2.9% to 19.0%.The average level of blood lead after blood change treatment was higher than before(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics, therapy and prognostic factors of small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (SCCC).

METHODSNine patients with SCCC underwent radical hysterectomy at the Cancer Hospital of CAMS between 2000 to 2009. Clinical and pathological data were analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed.

RESULTSThe average age of 9 patients was 41 years old. Irregular vaginal bleeding and postcoital spotting were the most common symptoms. According to FIGO staging criteria, six patients were stage Ib1 disease, 2 stage Ib2 and 1 stage IVb. All tumors were composed of small-sized cells with scant cytoplasm, darkly stained round to oval nuclei, finely dispersed chromatin and absence of nucleoli. High mitotic activity and lymphovascular invasion were also common findings. Immunohistochemical staining showed at least three neuroendocrine markers (NSE, CgA, Syn and CD56) were positive in each case. All patients received postoperative chemotherapy, with or without radiotherapy. Seven patients remained alive 6 to 104 months and one died 14 months postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONSCCC is a highly malignant tumor with aggressive behavior. Correct diagnosis of SCCC depends on the combination of light microscopic and immunohistochemical analysis. It is necessary to use multimodality treatment for SCCC, especially the chemotherapy. However, the prognosis is dismal.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; CD56 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Cisplatin ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; metabolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; Lymph Node Excision ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism ; Paclitaxel ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Radiotherapy, High-Energy ; Survival Rate ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Taxoids ; therapeutic use ; Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1 ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate flap survival after transfection using gene encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

METHODSIn 30 Sprague-Dawley rats, the anterior abdominal skin flap supplied by the epigastric vessels was created. The animals were divided into three groups, with ten of each. The first group was treated with a mixture of liposomes and the cDNA encoding the 165-amino acid isoform of VEGF; the second group was treated with control blank plasmid DNA and liposome transfection medium; the third group was treated with physiological saline. Four days after injection, the epigastric artery and vein were ligated and the blood flow in the flap was evaluated by intraperitoneal injection of fluorescence solution. Seven days later, the survival area of the flap was measured by planimetry. After the animals were killed, specimens were harvested from the anterior abdomen skin flap for immunohistological evidence of VEGF expression and for hematoxylin and eosin staining of microvascular growth.

RESULTS30 minutes after pedicle ligation the average fluorescence staining planimetry of the three groups (PCD-VEGF165, PCD and physiological saline) was 60.64%, 30.15% and 29.89% respectively. Tissue survival planimetry of the three groups was 92.3%, 30.5%, 31.8%. There was significant difference between the first group and the latter two (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining documented increased deposition of VEGF cDNA in the first group compared to the control groups (P < 0.05). Normal staining documented that the average vessel number of the three groups was 101.72, 91.35 and 89.85 (P < 0.05), the average vessel lumen diameter was 26 microns, 31.09 microns and 32.51 microns(P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThrough administration, PCD-VEGF165 can transfect the anterior abdominal skin flap and enhance its survival. There was express of VEGF protein in the treated flap.

Animals ; Biomarkers ; metabolism ; DNA, Complementary ; administration & dosage ; Epigastric Arteries ; Genetic Therapy ; Graft Survival ; physiology ; Liposomes ; Plasmids ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; physiology ; Time Factors ; Transfection ; methods ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism

In large prospective studies, plasma fibrinogen levels have been shown to be an independent risk factor of vascular disease, including ischemic stroke. Elevated plasma fibrinogen in an individual could be due to the presence of predisposing genetic and/or environmental factors, such as smoking. Of the polymorphisms studies to date, the beta-fibrinogen-455 (beta-Fg-455) G-->A substitution in the 5' flanking region is associated with the most consistent difference in plasma fibrinogen levels in both case-control studies and in selected groups of healthy individuals. In order to further elucidate the role of the beta-Fg-455 G-->A substitution in determining fibrinogen levels and susceptibility to ischemic stroke in case-control population, including 104 individuals with verified ischemic stroke and 156 healthy individuals. Turbidimetriy assays were used to measure plasma fibrinogen levels of all samples. The beta-Fg-455 G-->A mutation was identified by the polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion of the amplified DNA with HaeIII. The plasma fibrinogen level in patients with ischemic stroke [(3.51 +/- 1.09) g/L] was significantly higher than that in the control [(3.08 +/- 0.71) g/L] (P < 0.01). The A-allele is associated with elevated fibrinogen levels in both patients and controls. The plasma fibrinogen levels in controls with A-allele in elder people were higher than in younger people (P < 0.05). Those with A allele in males of ischemic stroke had significantly higher plasma fibrinogen levels in smokers than in non-smokers and ex-smokers (P < 0.05), but it was not significantly difference in subjects of GG genotype (P > 0.05). Our data demonstrates an association of the beta-Fg promoter A-455 allele with higher fibrinogen levels in the general population, and suggests that the A-allele may be a susceptible predictor of ischemic stroke, particularly in aging and smoking.

Adult ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between HLA-DQA1 gene polymorphism and the outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection in Chinese Han population.

METHODSA total of 180 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven hepatitis B virus infection (120 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 60 patients with asymptomatic HBV carrier) and 60 subjects who resolved from HBV infection spontaneously were studied. Genotype of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-DQA1 was detected by polymerase chain reaction sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP).

RESULTS(1) The frequency of HLA-DQA1 * 0201 allele in chronic hepatitis B group was significant higher than the frequency in resolved from HBV infection spontaneously group (38.3% vs. 5.8%, P < 0.001, A = 10.04, 95% CI: 4.48-22.48). The frequency of HLA-DQA1 * 0102 allele in chronic hepatitis B group was significant lower than the frequency in resolved from HBV infection spontaneously group (9.6% vs. 36.7%, P < 0.001, A = 0.183, 95% CI: 0.10-0.32). (2) The frequency of HLA-DQA1 * 0201 allele in chronic hepatitis B group was significant higher than the frequency in asymptomatic HBV carrier group (38.3% vs. 7.5%, P < 0.01, A = 7.667, 95% CI:3.7-15.87). The frequency of HLA-DQA1 * 0102 allele in chronic hepatitis B group was significant lower than the frequency in asymptomatic HBV carrier group (20% vs. 9.6%, P < 0.01, A = 0.424, 95% CI: 0.23-0.79).

CONCLUSIONHLA-DQA1 gene polymorphism may play an important role in the outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection in-Chinese Han population. The HLA-DQA1 * 0102 allele could keep individuals away from HBV infection, and HLA-DQA1 * 0201 allele could aggravate persistant infection of HBV and hepatic inflammatory.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; genetics ; Female ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DQ alpha-Chains ; Hepatitis B ; ethnology ; genetics ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Young Adult

Adult ; Blood Patch, Epidural ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Hypotension ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myelography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Adult ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; MELAS Syndrome ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscles ; pathology ; Mutation

OBJECTIVETo analyze the characteristic of the radioactive lymph node with metastatic disease and to explore the method of the localization of sentinel lymph node (SLN) with radionuclide in N0 clinically laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer.

METHODSFourty-five patients with T1-T4 and clinically N0 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer were recruited. For each patient a peritumoral submucosal injection of 99mTc-labeled sulfur colloid (99mTc-SC) was performed and lymph node mapping was performed by lymphoscintigraphy two hours afterward. The SLN was localized by a handheld gamma probe intraoperatively 10-12 hours after the injection. All hot lymph nodes accumulating activity were harvested and initially termed sentinel nodes. Selective neck dissections were performed for all patients. The specimen of SLN was sent to the pathologist for the following analysis: formal paraffin embedded section, consecutive section and immunohistochemistry assay. The results was compared to the remaining lymphadenectomy specimen. Resection of the primary tumour depended on the location and the T classification.

RESULTSSLNs were identified in 41 of 45 patients with 51 necks, SLNs had occult metastases in 13 cases, 15 necks with SLN-positive of these 13 cases, there was one false negative case, they were found in non-SLNs of neck specimens. Each neck side was considered a single case. SLN identification rate was 92.7%, sensitivity was 93.7%, false-negative rate was 6.3%, and accuracy was 98.0%. In 11 (73.3%) of these SLN-positive necks, the SLN with the highest counts contained tumor; harvesting the first-three nodes with the highest radioactive counts, which could all patients with occult metastatic disease.

CONCLUSIONSExcision of the first-three SLNs with the highest radioactive counts can accurately judge the presence or absence of the cervical lymph nodes metastases in patients with the clinically N0 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radioactive Tracers ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; methods ; Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid