OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the status quo and the tendency of utilization of antihypertensives in our hospital. METHODS: The consumptions of antihypertensives from 2001 to 2004 were analyzed statistically with Microsoft Excel 2000. RESULTS: The use of antihypertensives assumed an increased tendency, of which, about 90% were included in the catalog of the Drugs of National Basic Hospitalization Insurance. Calcium antagonists, diuretics, ACEI and ?-receptor blocking agents were the basic clinical drugs. Usage of angiotensin;angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocking agents increased to a large degree year by year. CONCLUSION: The utilization structure of antihypertensives in our hospital is basically reasonable. Developing compound antihypertensive that of excellent quality and reasonable price is of great significance in the management of hypertension and its complications.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between nutritional status and body fluid distribution in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods: Sixty-six CAPD patients without edema were recruited in this study. Patients’ fluid status was measured by bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and nutritional status was assessed by subjective global assessment (SGA). Thirty-six age-matched healthy people served as controls. Results: As compared to the healthy control, CAPD patients had significant abnormal fluid distribution in the body with significantly decreased intracellular water (ICW) and little change in extracellular water (ECW). Malnutrition further aggregated the changes in body fluid distribution. Conclusion: Body fluid distribution is abnormal in CAPD patients and may be affected by patients’ nutritional status. The ratio of ICW/ECW can not be correctly used to evaluate hydration state when the patient is malnourished. Key word: intracellular water (ICW); extracellular water (ECW); bioimpedance analysis (BIA); malnutrition

When insonated with fundamental frequency, the ultrasound contrast microbubbles are able to produce nonlinear scattering and generate nonlinear frequencies. The nonlinear properties of these microbubbles can be used to create nonlinear imaging modality and significantly improve the diagnostic capability of medical ultrasound. This paper was a review about the current research progress of nonlinear properties of ultrasound contrast microbubbles and nonlinear imaging, especially about the nonlinear properties under different frequency, acoustic pressure and the application of nonlinear imaging. A prospect of the future research and application was finally put forward in the paper.

ObjectiveTo introduce a new procedure of penile lengthening which yields satisfactory outcomes and avoids persistent postoperative hydrophallus with the results of fresh body researches.MethodsIndirect intralymphatic injection and routine H-E staining were used to investigate the ramification of lymphatics of penis on fresh bodies.We found that the lymphatic return of penis was primarily mediated by dorsal and bilateral superficial lymph vessels,which converged dorsally at the root of penis and then ramified into the superior region of pubic symphysis and bilateral inguinal grooves.However,most previous incisions were done at the converging region of lymph vessels at the dorsal root of penis.It blocked most lymphatic return.Our modified method avoided interruption of lymph vessels in the converging region.Based on the results of the above investigations,the operative incision at the root of penis was shifted upward by 1.5 cm,and then the lengthened cavernous body of penis was covered by scrotal flap.ResultsEighty patients who accepted the new method achieved satisfactory outcomes.Postoperative hydrophallous decreased gradually from the 3rd day and vanished basically on the 6-7 day.ConclusionsOur modified procedure of penile lengthening reduces the damage of these vessels.Consequently,postoperative hydrophallus resolves fast and the new procedure yields high success rates,sound appearance and sensation of penis.Therefore,the new procedure is an ideal option for surgenons in clinical practice.

Diarrhoea is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the developing countries,it accounts for a large part of global disease burden every year.Water and sanitation are closely associated with the morbidity of diarrhea.The recent researches were reviewed in this paper,and the effect of drinking water,sanitation and hygienic knowledge on diarrhea was discussed.The incidence rate of diarrhea was likely to decrease as water supply and sanitation were improved.

Objective To systematically review the efficacy of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (A-tDCS) for relieving aphasia among stroke survivors.Methods The Chinese BioMedical Literature database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang database,Chinese Scientific Journals full-text database,PubMed,Embase,MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library for clinical randomized and controlled trials were searched for reports about the use of A-tDCS in the treatment of aphasia after stroke.The resulting reports were retrieved manually and evaluated by two independent reviewers according to pre-set inclusion and exclusion criteria.The reports covered the period to November 2016.A meta-analysis was then conducted using RevMan software version 5.3.Results Seven studies covering 101 patients were selected for analysis.Meta-analysis showed that the average aphasia function score improved after A-tDCS significantly more than in the control group.Picture naming ability in stroke survivors with aphasia showed particular improvement.Only 11 patients in the 7 studies presented light adverse effects from AtDCS,always within the patients' tolerance range.Conclusion A-tDCS can significantly improve the speech of patients with aphasia after cerebral infarction.It is safe and easy to administer and is a rehabilitation technology worth popularizing and applying.Considering the limited number of articles,the conclusion remains to be further verified with randomized clinical trials of higher quality and a larger sample.

Infantile diarrhea is pediatric clinical common diseases. In this paper, according to the related literature in recent years, the effect mechanism of massage treatment of infantile diarrhea, according to syndrome differentiation treatment based on different massage for parting with Chinese medicine and massage, acupuncture and so on has carried on the induction.

Objective Based on the investigation of household drinking water in Lanzhou, the reason and difference of selecting drinking water by different households of educational and earning level were analyzed. Methods 1 000 households in Lanzhou city were chosen to fill the questionnaires, and the statistical analysis were performed. Results The tap water was chosen by 65.3% of Lanzhou households. 29.8% Lanzhou households drank barreled drinking water. The "convenience" and "price" were major concerns when Lanzhou residents chose drinking water. The acceptable price of barreled drinking water was 7.2 yuan(RMB) per barrel. The households of high income and well educated were the principal households using depth treatment water as drinking water. Residents in Lanzhou city had little concerns about quality of tap water. Conclusion The tape water was chosen by a majority of Lanzhou households as drinking water. The price was the major reason for Lanzhou residents to choose drinking water. In order to keep healthy,the residents should choose safe and healthy drinking water,and they had better clean the trough.

Objective To know the effect of hours of use of the drinking machine on drinking water quality. Methods The hours of use of the drinking machine were 1week, 2, 5, 10, 12, 36 and 60 months, the water samples collected at different hours of use was determined by routine test methods of water quality. Results The total bacteria count and nitrite in drinking water exceeded the standard limits and the two indexes increased as the hours of use of the drinking machine lasted. At the first-using of drinking-machine, the total bacteria count and coliform count exceeded the standard limits seriously. Conclusion In order to ensure the drinking water safety,water should be boiled before drinking and the drinking-water-producing factories should improve the production and management. Cleaning and disinfection of the inner components of drinking water machine should be paid more attetion to.

0.05). Conclusions (l)There are obvious expression of HBV antigen in the gastric mucosa of patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis . Its role in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesion is the worthful subject to be further studied. (2) No relationship between HBV antigen and Hp antigen expression was observed in this study.