Mild hypothermia significantly increases perioperative complications,such as adverse myocardial outcomes,coagulopathy,infection and delayed recovery.So it is important to maintain the core temperature above 36 ℃.Redistribution is the major cause of hypothermia during the first hour of intravertebral or general anesthesia.There are many methods to protect patients from hypothermia including passive insulation and active warming.Forced-air and electric heating pad are currently the most effective noninvasive choices.The contribution of intravenous fluids heating to patients' temperature is limited but it should be performed when large volume is required.

OBJECTIVETo study the types of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) involved in dentin bonding interface degradation.

METHODSDentin slices were prepared and treated with two adhesive systems (Single Bond 2 or Clearfil S3 Bond). The dentin surface was bonded with composite resin. All specimens were immersed in sterile artificial saliva for 0 or 6 months, and their micro-shear bond strength (muSBS) were measured. The fracture modes were observed through field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Dentin slices with 4 mm x 3 mm x 1 mm dimensions were prepared. The slices were divided into three groups according to the treatment modes (negative control, Single Bond 2, and Clearfil S3 Bond). All specimens were stored in sterile artificial saliva for 0 or 6 months. The concentrations of MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, and -9 of each group were detected through fluorescent microsphere immunoassay.

RESULTSThe muSBS of both adhesive systems significantly decreased after storage aging. Significant differences in failure modes within the four groups tested in this study were observed. Compared with the negative control, the concentrations of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in different adhesive groups showed no significant difference after storage aging. However, the concentrations of MMP-2, -8, and -9 in Single Bond 2 group and the concentrations of MMP-8 and -9 in Clearfil S3 Bond group significantly decreased after 6 months of storage aging.

CONCLUSIONSignificant degradation occur in the dentin bonding interface of both adhesive groups under 6 months aging challenge. The concentrations ofdentinal MMP-2, -8, and -9 significantly decrease after treatment with adhesives and aging, indicating that these MMPs have an important function in dentin bonding interface degradation.

Objective To summarize the main points of nursing the patients during small incision minimally invasive cardiac surgery.Methods Two hundred and seventy-one patients underwent small incision minimally invasive cardiac surgery during April 2010 and December 2010.The cooperative nursing was performed.Results The patients went well with the operations,with the average extracorporeal circulation time of(117.3±47.1)min and aorta blocking time of(82.6±32.1) min.All of the patients were discharged,without postoperative complications.(6.8±2.6)d.Perioperative and after discharge with no deaths.Postoperative recovery and no postoperative complications,were recovered and discharged without any complications.The postoperative hospital length of stay was(6.8±2.6)d.Conclusions The minimally invasive cardiac surgery is effective and safe.The preoperative health education and intraoperative nursing cooperation are critical for the operative success.

Objective To study the role of bone marrow mesenchymalstem cells in recovery process of hepatocyteinjury and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods BMSCs and primary generation of hepatocytes were cultured and identified. A model of hepatocyte injure was established. Liver cell proliferation at different conditionswas detected by MTT method. Hepatocytes were added with BMSCs,baxinhibitor and mixture of BMSCs and baxinhibitor for co?cultured.Expressions of TGF?β1,bcl?2,and baxwere detected by Westernblot and real?time PCR. Results BMSCs and primary generation of hepatocyte were successfully cultured and identified, and a model of hepatocyte injury was successfully established. MTT tests revealed that the OD value of the mixture wassignificant higher in BMSCs and HGF co?culture group than in BMSCs co?culture group or HGF co?culture group;there was no significant difference between BMSCs co?culture group and HGF co?culture group,while both groups were significant higher than control group. The MTT tests also revealed that the OD value of the mixture of BMSCs and Baxinhibitor co?culture group had no significant difference as compared with BMSCs co?culture group or Baxinhibitor co?culture group. There was no significant difference between BMSCs co?culture group and Baxinhibitor co?culture group,while the OD value was significant higher in both groups than in the control group. Westernb lot and real?time PCR results revealed that the value of TGF?β1 and bax in the mixture of BMSCs and Baxinhibitor co?culture group had no significant difference as compared with BMSCs co?culture group or Baxinhibitor co?culture group. There was no significant difference between BMSCs co?culture group and Baxinhibitor co?culture group,while both groups had a significant higher value than the control group. The value of Bcl?2 in the mixture of BMSCs and Baxinhibitor co?culture group had no significant difference as compared with BMSCs co?culture group or Baxinhibitor co?culture group. There was no significant difference between BMSCs co?culture group and Baxinhibitor co?culture group,while both groups had a significant lower value than the control group. Conclusions BMSCs can promote hepatocyte proliferation during the recovery process of hepatocyte injury,BMSCs and HGF promote liver cell proliferation have synergy effect,the effect of BMSCs probably through regulate TGF?β1/bcl?2(bax)correlation pathway.

Objective To observe the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation on the recovery of knee joint function in old patients severe burned in lower extremity. Methods 49 patients severe burned in lower extremity were randomly divided into observation group (n=25) and control group (n=24). The control group accepted routine rehabilitation, while the observation group accepted comprehensive rehabilitation. They were assessed with the range of motion (ROM) of knee flexion/extension, 45 m-walking, stair activity, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and muscle strength 3 months after rehabilitation. Results The active and passive ROM of knee, stair activity, FIM score and muscle strength improved more in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive rehabilitation promotes the recovery of knee function of old patients with severe burn in lower extremity.

In this study, UPLC-MS/MS was adopted to determine the contents of five ephedrine alkaloids (Norephedrine, Norpseudoephedrine, Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine, Methylephedrine) in plasma and urine in rats after the combined administration of Ephedrae Herba-Gypsum Fibrosum and calculate relevant pharmacokinetic parameters, in order to discuss the effect of the combined administration of Ephedrae Herba-Gypsum Fibrosum on plasma pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion characteristics. According to the results, after being combined with Gypsum, the five ephedrine alkaloids showed similar pharmacokinetic changes, such as shortened t(max), accelerated absorption rate, but reduced AUC(0-t) and V(z)/F, which may be related to the increase in urine excretion. Besides, Gypsum was added to enhance C(max) of Pseudoephedrine and prolong MRT(0-t) of Methylephedrine, so as to enhance the anti-asthmatic effect of Ephedrae Herba and resist the toxic effect of Norephedrine and Ephedrine. This study proved the scientific compatibility of Ephedrae Herba-Gypsum Fibrosum and provided a reference for studies on the prescription compatibility regularity and relevant practices.
Alkaloids ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Animals ; Calcium Sulfate ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Ephedra ; chemistry ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Urine ; chemistry

To build the Dendrobium nobile -T2DM network, and elucidate the molecular mechanism of D. nobile to type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Collect the chemical composition of D. nobile and the targets on T2DM by retrieving database and documents, build the network of D. nobile to T2DM using the entity grammar systems inference rules. The molecular mechanism of D. nobile to T2DM includes: (1) regulating lipid metabolism by lowering triglyceride; (2) reducing insulin resistance; (3) protecting islet cells; (4) promoting the glucose-dependent insulin tropic peptide (GIP) secretion; (5) inhibiting calcium channel. Under the guidance of network pharmacology, through entity grammar systems inference rules we elucidate the molecular mechanism of D. nobile to T2DM, and provide the basis for the further development of health care products based on D. nobile.
Animals ; Calcium Channels ; genetics ; metabolism ; Databases, Factual ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Insulin Resistance ; Islets of Langerhans ; metabolism ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the protective effect of melatonin and its possible mechanism for repairing in the immature white matter damage due to brain hypoxia-ischemia (HI).Methods Forty-eight three-day SD rats after birth were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham-operated(SHAM) group,HI group and melatonin treatment(MT) group.Periventricular white matter damage (PWMD) to animal models were estabished according to Rice modeling.MT group was treated with melatonin pre-operatively,immediately postoperation,1 hour postoperation and 24 hours postoperation via intraperitoneal injection,and the other groups were injected with the same volume of dissolvent.The rats were executed by decollation after 2 days and 14 days.The histological changes in periventricular white matter were observed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry.Results For the 3 groups,the structure in ope-ration side of the white matter in the peripheral ventricles of the brain 2 days postoperation were significant different (P ＜0.05).The O4 positive cells decreased one by one/greatest in the SHAM group[(75.548 ± 7.333)/hpf] followed by MT group [(59.971 ± 3.635)/hpf],and HI group [(40.511 ± 2.848)/hpf] (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of Casepase-3 increased in the SHAM group (107.724 ± 10.266),MT group (132.289 ± 8.537),and HI group (202.168 ± 14.367),and the difference was statically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Ventricular index was greater in operation side of the white matter in the peripheral ventricles of the 14-day-brain in the SHAM group(0.928 ±0.063),MT group (1.813 ± 0.110),HI group (2.752 ± 0.201),increasingly,while absorbance value of myelin basic protein decreased one by one in sequence(39.504 ± 1.673,21.729 ± 1.614,11.344 ± 1.118).Conclusions MT plays a role in protecting the periventricular white matter via inhibiting the apoptosis of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell,and thus benefits the PWMD.

AIM:To investigate the dependence of the adrenoceptor regulation on oxidative stress in the rats with cardiac injury induced by high sympathetic activity .METHODS: Healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups:control, model, propranolol (Pro), prazosin (Praz), Pro+Praz, vitamin E (VE) and Pro+Praz+VE.The rats were intraperitoneally injected with norepinephrine ( NE) for continuous 16 d to reproduce cardiac injury , and treated with the respective drugs .During the experimental process , the body weight was recorded .At the end of the experiments , the following parameters were measured:the ventricular remodeling indexes ( cardiac index and hydroxyproline of the left ven-tricle), histopathologic examination , oxidative/antioxidative indexes [MDA, SOD, catalase (CAT), GSH-Px and total an-tioxidant capacity (T-AOC)], and energy metabolism (Na+-K+ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase).RESULTS: The in-crease of body weight in model group was significantly slower than that in control group after 9 d of treatment (P<0.05). The cardiac index and left ventricular hypertrophy were significantly increased .Oxidation/antioxidation and energy metabo-lism were disturbed.In Pro, Praz, Pro+Praz and VE groups, the body weight, cardiac index, left ventricular fibrosis and oxidative/antioxidative dysfunction were ameliorated .Pro, Praz and Pro +Praz increased the activity of Na +-K+ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase.Treatment with Pro+Praz showed the best result in all of the indexes (P<0.05).CONCLU-SION:The dependence of adrenoceptor regulation plays an important role in the formation of oxidative stress in the process of rat cardiac injury induced by high sympathetic activity .

This article was aimed to study the synergy effect of effective substances group and mechanisms of Qi-Zhi Wei-Tong (QZWT) Granules in promoting gastrointestinal dynamic effect in order to explore its mechanism. Rats were divided into 16 groups. Different component compatibility was given to promote the gastrointestinal dynamic ef-fect. The traditional semi-solid paste carbon propelling analysis method was used to observe gastrointestinal motility changes of rats after medication. After intragastric administration, changes of NO, cGMP and Ca2+content in gastroin-testinal tissues were observed. The results showed that fructus aurantii flavonoids and Cyperi flavonoids had the most prominent effect in promoting gastrointestinal motility in QZWT Granules (P< 0.01), which were followed by Cyperus oil and limonene (P< 0.05). Two-way interactions indicated that the combination of fructus aurantii flavonoids and limonene had prominently promoting action in gastrointestinal motility, which was followed by the combination of fructus aurantii flavonoids and Cyperus oil, Cyperi flavonoids and Cyperus oil, limonene and Cyperus oil. Each effec-tive component can reduce the NO and cGMP content in gastrointestinal tissues, and increase the Ca2+ content. It was concluded that the study defined the correlation and synergy between effective components and promoting effect of gastrointestinal motility. Mechanism of the effective component to promote gastrointestinal dynamic might be relat-ed to the reducing of NO and cGMP content in gastrointestinal tissues and increasing of Ca2+ content. This study also provided a theoretical basis for further research on quality control, compatibility and spectrum-effect correlation of gastrointestinal motility promotion medications.