Objective To analyze the CT features of primary pulmonary leiomyoma (PPL) and improve the diagnostic ability of PPL.Methods The CT findings and clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed in 6 patients with PPL proved by pathology,and the related literatures were reviewed.Results Six PPLs were single lesion from 3.0 to 8.5 cm in size,the shape was round or oval with extremely smooth margin.On CT plain scan,the CT values of all PPL lesions were 25-33 HU,4 lesions presented homogeneous moderate enhancement (40-60 HU) and 2 lesions presented inhomogeneous enhancement after contrast administration.A solid lesion showed obviously patchy enhancement with cystic degeneration,1 lesion presented ring enhancement.All lesions were benign histopathologically,the leiomyoma cells showed spindle shaped or in bundles with pseudocapsule,and with hyaline degeneration in 1 case.Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA) were all marked positive on immunohistochemistry.Conclusions CT findings of PPL have some characteristics,but lack of specificity,the final diagnosis still relies on pathological examination.

Objective To understand the current situation of occupational exposure and occupational safety attitudes among nursing students in Kunming Medical University, and to find effective interventions to improve nurses' occupational safety,and to reduce occupational exposure.Methods 854 students in Kunming Medical University were investigated by a questionnaire survey, including Demographic characteristics, Occupational exposure conditions, Occupational safety attitude and Gathers, quit intention . The correlations between occupational safety attitudes and occupational exposure were analyzed with Simple Linear Correlation.Results There were 94.30%female respondents,and only 5.70%male respondents.The average age of respondents was 22.52±2.90 years. The Simple Linear Correlation analysis showed that correlation between Negative attitude and occupational exposure was positive correlated, the occupational exposure and Support from managers, and Optimistic were negative correlation ( <0.05) .Conclusions Occupational safety and attitude are related to occupational exposure. Nursing students should apply standardized operation to improve the professional quality and ability. Schools should strengthen the education of occupational protection for nursing students. Hospital management should regularly organize nurses to study occupational exposure protection knowledge,give full affirmation of the nurse's achievements in the work, and offer certain reward appropriately.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the economics of somatostatin,ulinastatin,octreotide and gabexate preventing hyperamy-lasemia and pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). METHODS:Medical records of 316 cho-ledocholithiasis patients underwent ERCP were selected from our hospital during Jul. 2008-Apr. 2016,and then divided into blank control group(58 cases),somatostatin group(64 cases),ulinastatin group(65 cases),octreotide group(68 cases)and gabexate group (61 cases) according to the use of protease inhibitor. Before ERCP,blank control group received routine treatment as fast-ing,parenteral nutrition support,acid suppression,etc. Based on it,other 4 drug groups received prophylactic drug use according to package inserts 6 h before ERCP. The incidence of hyperamylasemia and pancreatitis after ERCP,VAS scores 3,24,48 h after surgery and the occurrence of ADR were compared among 5 groups. The cost-effectiveness analysis was used to evaluate the eco-nomics of therapy plans in each group. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,hospitalization time of somatostatin group, ulinastatin group,octreotide group and gabexate group were shortened significantly;the incidence of hyperamylasemia and pancre-atitis were significantly decreased;VAS score 3,24,48 h after surgery were significantly decreased,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Compared among 4 groups,above indexes had no significant difference,and the incidence of ADR was in low level and had no statistical significance(P>0.05). The cost-effectiveness ratio of somatostatin group was the lowest and has cost-effec-tiveness advantage. The results were supported by incremental cost-effectiveness and sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSIONS:Soma-tostatin,ulinastatin,octreotide and gabexate can significantly prevent the occurrence of hyperamylasemia and pancreatitis after ER-CP,and relieve pain with good safety. Somatostatin can achieve the best therapeutic efficacy at the lowest cost,so it is the best plan for hyperamylasemia and pancreatitis after ERCP.

Objective:To evaluate the objective imaging markers of cognitive impairment in patients with end-stage renal disease by MRI intravoxel incoherent motion.Methods:A total of 40 patients with ESRD were enrolled in the Department of Nephrology, Changzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2019 to August 2020, and 24 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled at the same time.All subjects performed with MRI scan were collected, and the slow apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC slow) of the corresponding brain regions were obtained .The cognitive function was evaluated by the Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA). Two-sample t test was used to analyze the difference of ADC slow and cognitive score between the two groups.Pearson correlation analysis was performed among the cognitive function score of end-stage renal disease and ADC slow value. Results:(1) The score of the intelligence test scale in the ESRD group (23.30±1.76) was significantly lower than that of the healthy control group (27.92±1.00) ( P<0.01). The ADC slow values of bilateral frontal lobe, hippocampus, and insula brain areas (respectively(0.648±0.035), (0.633±0.043), (0.762±0.043), (0.756±0.042), (0.792±0.048), (0.776±0.054))in the ESRD group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group ((0.600±0.039), 0.610±0.037, (0.725±0.059), (0.711±0.054), (0.740±0.063), (0.716±0.051)) ( P<0.01). (2) Pearson correlation analysis showed that the ADC slow values of bilateral insula and right hippocampus in the ESRD group were negatively correlated with MoCA scales ( r=-0.38, -0.38, -0.66, all P<0.05). Conclusion:ADC slow value in IVIM can better reflect the changes of cognitive function impairment in ESRD patients.

Objective:To analyze the effects of proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)on the prevention of stress ulcers(SU)in elderly patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), and to analyze related factors for the risk of short-term death.Methods:This study was a multicenter retrospective cohort study.Two hundred elderly ARDS patients diagnosed and treated at Peking University International Hospital, Anzhen Hospital and Ezhou Central Hospital from November 2017 to December 2019 were continuously included.These patients were treated with PPIs(omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, lansoprazole and esomeprazole)within 48 hours after ICU admission to prevent SU and were considered as the PPI group.According to the propensity score matching method, 200 elderly ARDS patients admitted to the hospitals with similar ages, medical history and sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)scores who did not use PPIs were selected as the control group.All patients were followed up for 30 days.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the log-rank test were used to compare the 30-day mortality risk between the two groups.Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the relevant factors affecting the 30-day mortality.The 30-day mortality risk and the incidence of clinically significant gastrointestinal bleeding were evaluated among patients using different PPIs.Results:The average time of PPI use was 8.4±4.4 d in the PPI group.In the control group, 38.0% of patients were treated with H 2 receptor antagonists, and the average time of use was 8.1±5.2 days.There was no significant difference in the 30-day all-cause mortality risk between the two groups(20.5% or 41 cases vs.23.5% or 47 cases, P>0.05). The incidences of clinically significant upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding(2.5% or 5 cases vs.7.0% or 14, P<0.05), gastrointestinal bleeding(5.5% or 11 cases vs.12.5% or 25 cases, P<0.05)and hospital-acquired pneumonia(9.0% or 18 vs.4.0% or 8 cases, P<0.05)had significant differences between the PPI group and the control group.Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age>70 years( HR=1.845, 95% CI: 1.131-3.010, P<0.05), arterial oxygen partial pressure <78.0 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, HR=2.143, 95% CI: 1.317-3.487, P<0.01), SOFA score>14( HR=3.603, 95% CI: 1.741-7.456, P<0.01)and blood lactic acid>3.8 mmol/L( HR=2.725, 95% CI: 1.437-5.167, P<0.01)were related factors for the 30-day mortality.Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between the five subgroups taking different PPIs including omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, lansoprazole and esomeprazole( P>0.05), and the incidence of clinically significant gastrointestinal bleeding was significantly reduced( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the five PPIs subgroups( P>0.05). Conclusions:Although PPIs have no effect on short-term death in elderly ARDS patients, it can increase the risk of hospital acquired pneumonia while reducing the occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding.With PPI use, advanced age, low arterial oxygen partial pressure, high SOFA score and high blood lactate are risk factors for the 30-day mortality.

Objective To discuss the clinical effects of laparoscopic therapy and duodenoscopic therapy in the treatment of biliary severe acute pancreatitis.Methods A total of 140 patients with biliary severe acute pancreatitis(BSAP) in our hospital was assigned into laparoscopic therapy group(60 cases) and duodenoscopic therapy group(80 cases) according to the treatment plan,and indicators in both groups were compared,including acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHE Ⅱ score),WBC,CRP,the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospitalization time,hospitalization fee,complication rate,cure rate,mortality rate,abdominal pain disappearing time,body temperature recovered to normal time,blood amylase recovered to normal time,amino acid transaminase(ALT) recovered to normal time,total bilirubin(TBIL) recovered to normal time,alkaline phosphatase(ALP) recovered to normal time.Results APACHE Ⅱ scores and the levels of WBC,TBIL,ALT and CRP in both groups were significantly decreased after surgery(P＜0.05),but there were no statistical differences between the two groups at the same time point after treatment(P＞0.05).The operative time and the intraoperative blood loss in the duodenoscopic therapy group were significantly less than those in laparoscopic therapy group(P＜0.05).There were no statistical differences between the two groups of hospitalization time,complication rate,cure rate,mortality rate,abdominal pain disappearing time,temperature returned to normal time,blood amylase recovered to normal time,ALT recovered to normal time,TBIL recovered to normal time,ALP recovered to normal time(P＞0.05).Conclusion In early stage,both laparoscopic therapy and duodenoscopic therapy can treat BSAP effectively,and their therapeutic effects are nearly similar.

Objective:To construct the prognostic prediction model and scoring tool by using severe trauma patients’ physiological indicators on admission, and to verify the clinical application effect and provide a reference for the early evaluation of severe trauma patients.Methods:This study was a retrospective study which adopted cluster sampling. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the emergency department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2019 to November 2020 were included. Patients were randomly assigned into the modeling group and the validation group in a ratio of 7:3 based on their outcome in the emergency department. Logistic regression analysis was performed to construct a prediction model, which was simplified as a scoring tool. The model was verified by using validation group and two months’ prospective validation. The efficiency of the simplified scoring tool was compared with that of the revised trauma score (RTS) and the injury severity score (ISS).Results:Totally 863 patients were included in this study, including 604 patients in the modeling group and 259 patients in the validation group. The model included systolic blood, SpO 2 and AVPU score. The AUC for predicting the death of severe trauma patients was 0.938. The AUC of the prediction model was 0.933, the best cut-off point was 5, the sensitivity was 86.7%, the specificity was 94.2%; the AUC of the validation was 0.885, the sensitivity was 83.3%, the specificity was 93.7%; and the AUC of prospective validation was 0.919, the sensitivity was 100%, and the specificity was 76.7%. The AUC of the RTS and ISS were 0.800 and 0.833, respectively. The AUC of RTS was lower than that of the simplified scoring tool constructed in this research. Conclusions:The prediction model and simplified scoring tool are better than RTS in predicting the outcome of emergency severe trauma patients, which are convenient for emergency medical staff to evaluate the severity of trauma patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical outcomes of ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (USG-RFA) in patients with renal clear cell carcinoma.

METHODSMedical records of 34 patients who underwent USG-RFA of renal clear cell carcinoma at the Department of Urology of the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University from May 2009 to January 2014 were retrospectively reviewed, including 28 male and 6 female patients aged between 25 and 85 years (mean age 60.7 years). Of the included cases, 16 had tumors located in the left kidney, 16 in the right, 1 in the solitary kidney, and 1 in the bilateral kidney. There were 35 tumors in this study totally. The maximum diameter of the tumors was 1.8 to 5.0 cm (mean (2.7 ± 0.3) cm), of which 32 cases of renal tumors were ≤ 4.0 cm and 3 cases of renal tumors were > 4.0 cm to 5.0 cm. Pathological diagnosis were acquired by ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy after USG-RFA. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used to evaluate tumor outcomes at the time of the surgery, and multi-slice spiral CT enhanced scan and contrast-enhanced ultrasound were used to identify residues and recurrences after treatment.

RESULTSTreatments for all the patients were finished with short postoperative hospital stay about 3-5 days. No complications related to USG-RFA were encountered in any of the cases, such as perirenal fluid collection, perirenal hematoma, and peripheral organ damage. All the cases were diagnosed as clear cell carcinoma according to pathological results. The mean follow-up period was 29 ± 6 (range 3-59) months. Of the 35 USG-RFA-treated subjects, 32 tumors ≤ 4 cm reached the standard of complete treatment after one tumor was found with residue after the first month follow-up, and two tumors were noted recurrence at the 4 and 10 months follow-up after USG-RFA. Nonetheless, no residue or recurrence occurred after secondary treatment for these 3 tumors where pathological diagnosis were acquired again. The other 3 cases with tumors > 4.0 cm to 5.0 cm underwent USG-RFA twice or three times before reaching the standard of complete treatment, of which two had twice and one tumor had three times treatments. There was no carcinoma residue or recurrence during follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONSPercutaneous ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation for small renal mass (SRM) has satisfied clinical outcomes, with the advantage of less injury, lower complication rates and shorter recovery time for small size of renal clear cell carcinoma. USG-RFA may become the preferred treatment alternative for SRM.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Interventional