Animals ; Benchmarking ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level ; Risk Assessment ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Toxicology ; methods

China ; Enterovirus ; classification ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of nourishing Yin, strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction on Fas/FasL in salivary glands of NOD mice with Sjogren's syndrome and their mRNA expression.

METHODThirty-two NOD mice were randomly divided into the model group, the traditional Chinese medicine group (TCM group, orally given 0.4 mL nourishing Yin, strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction as per 100 g x kg(-1) everyday), the hydroxychloroquine group (given 0.4 mL hydroxychloroquine as per 60 mg x kg(-1) everyday), the traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine group (TCM WM group, given nourishing Yin, Strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction 50 g x kg(-1) and hydroxychloroquine 60 mg x kg(-1), 0.4 mL everyday), with eight mice in each group. Eight Balb/C mice were selected as the normal control group (normal group). All of mice were killed after eight weeks, and their submaxillary glands were dissected. The expression levels of Fas/FasL were examined by immunohistochemical method, and the FasL mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTThe expression levels of Fas/FasL in salivary glands of the model group were higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05). The expression level of FasL of the normal group was much lower than that in the hydroxychloroquine group (P < 0.05). The relative expression level of Fas mRNA in salivary glands of the model group was higher than that in other groups, but the control group was notably lower than other groups (P < 0.05). The expression level of FasL mRNA in salivary glands of the model group was higher than that in TCM and TCM WM groups (P < 0.05). But the expression level in TCM WM group was notably lower than the hydroxychloroquine group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe nourishing Yin, strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction could down-regulate the expression level of Fas/FasL in salivary glands of NOD mice with Sjogren's syndrome and their mRNA expression, and had a better efficacy after being combined with hydroxychloroquine. The nourishing Yin, strengthening Qi and activating blood decoction might treat the Sjogren's Syndrome by reducing apoptosis which is regulated by Fas/FasL

Animals ; Fas Ligand Protein ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Qi ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Salivary Glands ; metabolism ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; blood ; genetics ; therapy ; Yin-Yang ; fas Receptor ; genetics

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ; surgery ; Adult ; Cystectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Pheochromocytoma ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; surgery

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; therapeutic use ; Antigen-Presenting Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Phytotherapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Jiangu granule containing serum (JGG-serum) on the cyclins in rat's osteoblast at G1 phase.

METHODSOsteoblasts isolated by enzymatic digestion from SD rats were cultured and intervened with JGG-serum or normal saline (as control) respectively. Cell generation cycle was detected by flow cytometry, and expressions of Cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), oncogene protein (P21) in the osteoblast were detected dynamically using immuno-cytochemical and RT-PCR technique.

RESULTSAs compared with the control, the cell generation cycle and cell proliferation were proceeding quicker in the JGG-serum (20%) intervention group; with higher protein and mRNA expressions of Cyclin D1 and CDK4, as well as much lowered expressions of P21 in nuclei of osteoblast detected at all time points (24 h, 48 h and 72 h after treatment, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONJGG-serum can adjust the G1 phase cyclins in osteoblast cultured in vitro, increase the mRNA and protein expressions of Cyclin D1 and CDK4, and inhibit P21 expression, so as to accelerate the proliferation of osteoblast.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; G1 Phase ; drug effects ; Male ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serum

Objective To investigate the virus-carrying rate of non-polio enteroviruses ( NPEV) in patients with acute flaccid paralysis ( AFP) in Yunnan province of China in 2015 and to analyze the genetic characteristics of enterovirus 71 (EV71) strains. Methods A total of 213 cases under 15 years old with AFP were reported by Center for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC) of Yunnan Province of China. Virus isolation was conducted for all samples and the serotypes of isolated NPEV strains were identified by VP1 se-quencing. The isolation rates of NPEV in the past consecutive 5 years were analyzed by SPSS22. 0 software. Phylogenetic trees of NPEV and EV71 strains were constructed by MEGA6. 06 software based on neighbor-joining algorithm and Kimura 2-parameter substitution model and the reliability of the phylogenetic trees was determined by bootstrap analysis with 100 pseudo replicate datasets. Results Altogether, 23 NPEV strains were isolated from 213 AFP cases. Among the 23 strains, 7 strains belonged to EV-A group (2 serotypes, 6 strains of which were EV71 ) , 14 strains belonged to EV-B group ( 8 serotypes ) and the other 2 strains belonged to EV-C group. No NPEV strains of EV-D group were identified. Statistical analysis showed that no significant differences in the isolation rates were observed in the past 5 years ( P=0. 101 ) . Conclusion The isolation rate of NPEV in patients with AFP in Yunnan province in 2015 was similar to that of the previ-ous years. The EV71 strains of C4 subgenotype were the predominant strains circulating in Yunnan province.

Objective To construct a cDNA expression library from unfed female tick Haemaphysalis longicornis for screening and cloning potential antigenic genes.Methods Total RNA was isolated from unfed female ticks,mRNA was purified and a library of oligo(dT)-primed cDNA with added directional EcoR Ⅰ/Hind Ⅲ linkers was constructed from the purified mRNA.The constructed cDNA was ligated to the EcoRⅠ/HindⅢ arms of the ?SCREEN vector.Pure phage stocks were harvested by plaque purification and converted to plasmid subclones by plating phage on host strain BM25.8.Recombinant plasmids that were subcloned to E.coli BM25.8 were isolated and transformed into E.coli JM109.Recombinant plasmids abstracted from JM109 were identified by PCR and sequencing.Rusults The recombinant phage DNA was packaged by using phage-marker packaging extracts,resulting in a primary cDNA library with a size of 1.8?106 pfu.Data showed 100% of the library were recombinant and the titer of the amplified library was 2.4?109 pfu/ml.Forty-two clones of encoding immunodominant antigens were obtained from the cDNA library.Sequence analysis revealed 12 unique cDNA sequences and the encoded putative proteins showed similarities to H.longicornis tropomyosin mRNA,Rhipicephalus annulatus unknown larval protein mRNA,chromosome 2R of Drosophila melanogaster,mitochondrial DNA of H.flava,clones HqL09 unkown mRNA and Hq05 mRNA of H.qinghaiensis,and myosin alkali light chain protein mRNA.Conclusion The cDNA expression library from unfed female H.longicornis was successfully constructed and screening of protective genes may provide candidate antigens of the tick.

Background:Accumulating evidence links colorectal cancer (CRC) with the gut microbiota.Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.nucleatum) has been revealed to be involved in the development of CRC, however, the mechanism of F.nucleatum in mediating colorectal tumorigenesis is still poorly understood.Aims:To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of F.nucleatum on CRC.Methods:Wild type C57BL/6 mice and APC(Min/+) mice characterized by multiple intestinal neoplasia were used in this animal study.After administered with F.nucleatum intragastrically and/or 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, a carcinogen) subcutaneously, the aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and colonic tumor were counted at 8th and 20th week, respectively.Structural alteration of intestinal microbiota and mucosal immune factors were detected in wild type C57BL/6 mice receiving different interventions by using Roche 454 GS FLX pyrosequencing and Bio-Plex ProTM cytokine assay, respectively.Results:In DMH-treated wild type C57BL/6 mice or APC(Min/+) mice, number of ACF and colonic tumor in those administered with F.nucleatum were significantly higher than those without (P<0.05).F.nucleatum colonization significantly altered the lumen microbial structure, with decreased Cyanobacterium and increased Tenericutes and Verrucomicrobia (P all <0.05).Furthermore, F.nucleatum up-regulated expressions of tumor-related immune factors in colonic mucosa, such as IL-21, IL-22, IL-31 and CD40L (P<0.05).Conclusions:F.nucleatum colonization in intestine may prompt colonic tumorigenesis in mice via inducing intestinal dysbiosis and modulating tumor-related immune factors expression.

Objective: To investigate the multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy findings of brain tumors and the clinical value in differential diagnosis. Methods:Sixty patients with brain tumors underwent multivoxel proton MR spectroscopic examination with PRESS sequence. Distribution of the 60 final diagnoses of neoplasms was as follow: meningioma (n=22), glioma (n=21), lymphoma (n=3), metastasis (n=5), acoustic neuroma, pituitary tumor, PNET (n=2, respectively), vascularblastoma, arachnoid cyst, neurofibromatosis (n=1,respectively). The concentrations of NAA, Cho, Cr, Lac-Lip were obtained in the tumors and the contralateral normal brain region. The ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, NAA/Cho, tumor NAA/normal NAA, tumor Cho/normal Cho, tumor Cr/normal Cr were calculated. Results: 1H MRS showed decreased NAA, Cr and elevated Cho. NAA concentrations in meningioma, glioma, lymphoma decreased significantly to acoustic neuroma, metastasis, but Cho in tumors changed without significance. NAA/Cr ratio was significantly lower in glioma than in acoustic neuroma and metastasis, and p value was 0.014, 0.027, respectively. No significance was found in tumor Cho/Cr data. Conclusion:Multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy is available for study of tumor metabolites. The tumor NAA/normal NAA, NAA/Cr were helpful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of intracranial tumors.