Oncomodulin (OM) is known by us progressively as a Calcium binding protein.Recently, OM has been found that it is secreted by inflammatory cells (neutrophilic granulocyte), and a signal which can promote cell growth between innate immunity and neurons, and a key to regenerate the damaged optical nerves by activating inflammation.The function of promoting the regeneration progress of axons has become a hot issue in recent years.This article summarized the mechanism of OM and the relationship between inflammation-induced OM and optic nerve regeneration research and progress were reviewed.

·α-crystallin is the predominant structural protein in the lens.lt is a member of small heat shock proteins ( sHSPs) which has the common functions of HSPs.lt also has anti-apoptotic activity etc.Recently, it has been proved to combine with the cellular membrane of retinal ganglion cells ( RGCs ) to enhance the survival of RGCs and the regeneration of axons, thereby partly restore visual function.But we haven’t come to a unified conclusion of the mechanism.This review is focused on structure and functions of α-crystallin, the protection function and mechanism of α-crystallin towards RGCs after the optic nerve injury.

We are reporting in this article some analyzed data obtained from inspection and related information on current situations medical devices in use. Some ideas and suggestions are also proposed here on how to systematically and legally inspecting and monitoring medical devices in use.
Equipment Safety ; Materials Management, Hospital

AIM:To observe the pathological changes of the lower segment of nasolacrimal duct mucosa in rabbits at different stages after retrograde lachrymal dilated drainage tube implantation.
METHODS:Totally 14 New Zealand rabbits were used in the present study. One side of nasolacrimal duct was obstructed to produce an experimental model and operated the reverse implantation of nasolacrimal duct intubation. Histological changes of the lower segment of nasolacrimal duct mucosa were observed by routine light microscope at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14wk after the operation.
RESULTS: Compared with the control side, the group of 2 and 4wk after surgery presented the inflammatory cytokine. The group of 12wk after the operation presented isolated granuloma. Group 12 and 14wk presented scattered granuloma. The size of the granulomas was smaller and the density of epithelioid cell and fibroblast were lower in group 12wk than those in group 14wk by HE and Masson trichrome stain.
CONCLUSION:Recurrent Silicone Tube is used to treat nasolacrymal duct obstruction. Nasolacrimal duct can be narrowed and blocked again by granuloma, progressive fibrosis and adhesion of surrounding tissues when tube is in the duct more than 12wk.

OBJECTIVETo determine the constant for the inclusion complex of Yinqiao volatile oil with beta-cyclodextrin.

METHODThe stability constant for the inclusion complex of Yinqiao the volatile oil with beta-cyclodextrin was detemined under multiwavelength by ultraviolet spectroscopy, and spectroscopy feature for inclusion complex was studied. The phase solubility-curve showed the inclusion proportion. The inclusion complex of Yinqiao the volatile oil with beta-cyclodextrin was prepared by saturated aqueous solution. The DTA spectroscopy of inclusion complex was different from not only oil with beta-cyclodextrin but also the mixture of them.

RESULTThe inclusion complex of Yinqiao the volatile oil with beta-cyclodextrin was formed. The experimental data of inclusion complex fitted well to the molar ratio of 1:1. There was good liner feature under multiwavelength of ultraviolet spectroscopy.

CONCLUSIONAdopting multiwavelength method may determine the appearant stability constant of multicomponential traditional drug. The determination of the stability constant of the inclusion complex can be used in traditional drug.

Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Combinations ; Forsythia ; chemistry ; Lamiaceae ; chemistry ; Mentha ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Solubility ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; analysis ; chemistry

Objective To design a new method to verify the position of multileaf collimator(MLC)leaf using a two-dimensional ion chamber array(2D-array).Methods 2D-array of PTW T10018 Seven29~(TM) was used to calibrate the accuracy of MLC leaf position of Elekta Precise accelerator.The edge function of the leaf position of MLC was measured and used as the reference value.The precision of MLC leaf was then evaluated through comparing the measured and reference values.Results The accuracy of MLC leaf position was found within?0.1 mm.Conclusion This method of verifying the accuracy of multileaf collimator leaf position is easy,simple and reliable

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of different bonding process and three different root canal sealing materials on microstructure of root canal dentin bonding interface after fiber post and resin bonding, so as to improve clinical operation steps and to optimize fiber post resin bonding effect.

METHODSFifteen human single mandibular first premolars were selected. Three were bonded with fiber posts through Relyx Unicem conventional bonding steps after filled with root canal sealing materials of zinc oxide eugenol paste (Group A), and another three were bonded through the same steps after filled with sealing materials of Vitapex (Group B). The other nine were filled with sealing materials of AH Plus, randomly divided into three groups and bonded through different steps as follows: conventional bonding steps only (Group C), etching with 35% phosphoric acid before conventional bonding steps (Group D), and etching and coating with Singlebond 2 adhesive before conventional bonding steps (Group E). After immersed in saline solution for one week, all the roots were cut into three sections of 3 mm in thickness with emery chip and numbered as crown section, middle section and tip section respectively. The samples were observed the resin protrusion in mixed layer of dentin interface and dentinal tubules by scanning electron microscopy.

RESULTSWe observed the resin protrusion in microstructures of the roots bonded through Relyx Unicem after filled with three different root canal sealing materials (Group A, B, C, E): most obvious in the root crown sections, middle in the root middle sections and least in the root tip sections. Differences were observed in roots filled with different sealing materials: little resin protrusion were observed in crown sections only in Group A and B, but large number of resin protrusion were found in crown and middle sections in Group C-E. Compared with Group C, no more resin protrusion were found in Group D. More and elongated resin protrusions were found in Group E.

CONCLUSIONSWe recommend using AH Plus as root canal sealing materials for residual crown and root needed to strengthen by fiber post. It is no need to etch before Relyx Unicem conventional bonding steps. However, coating Singlebond 2 adhesive after acid etching has the potential to increase fiber post cementation.

Acid Etching, Dental ; methods ; Calcium Hydroxide ; Dental Bonding ; methods ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; ultrastructure ; Dentin ; ultrastructure ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; chemistry ; Epoxy Resins ; Humans ; Mandible ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Molar ; ultrastructure ; Post and Core Technique ; Resin Cements ; Root Canal Filling Materials ; chemistry ; Silicones ; Tooth Root ; ultrastructure ; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the genetic background of donor KIR/recipient HLA and the outcomes in HLA-identical sibling HSCT.

METHODSHLA genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) and/or PCR-sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP). Donor KIR genotype was determined by PCR-SSP. A retrospective study was carried out to analyze the outcomes of 59 patients with various hematologic malignancies received non T-cell-depleted transplant from HLA-identical sibling donors.

RESULTSIncidence of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) was significantly lower in patients of KIR/HLA matched group than in KIR/HLA mismatched group (32% vs 78%, P = 0.026). The incidence of grade II-IV aGVHD (24% vs 61%, P = 0.018) and fungus infection (14% vs 44%, P = 0.028) were significantly lower in Bw4 matched group than in Bw4 mismatched group. In myeloid diseases, Bw4 matched patients had much lower incidence of fungus infection (12% vs 80%, P = 0.002) compared with Bw4 mismatched patients, and C2 matched patients had higher overall survival (OS) compared with C2 mismatched patients (P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSDonor KIR/recipient HLA genetic background is correlated with the outcomes of HLA-identical sibling HSCT in incidences of grade II-IV aGVHD, fungus infection and OS. KIR/HLA matched patients may have lower incidence of aGVHD. Bw4 matched patients may have lower incidences of aGVHD and fungus infection. C2 matched patients may have longer OS.

Female ; Genotype ; HLA Antigens ; genetics ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Receptors, KIR ; genetics ; Siblings ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation, Homologous

BACKGROUNDAscorbic acid (AA) represents one of the most important enzyme co-factors, antioxidants and neuromodulators and plays an important role in the cerebral system. Increasing evidence has suggested that AA could treat certain kinds of vertigo diseases such as Meniere's disease. To elucidate the neurochemical functions associated with AA in vertigo, the change of extracellular AA in the brain cortex following caloric vestibular stimulation (CVS) was evaluated.

METHODSAn on-line electrochemical detection was coupled with in vivo microdialysis to continuously monitor the change of extracellular AA in the primary somatosensory (SI) area of guinea pigs following a caloric vestibular stimulation. Sixteen guinea pigs were divided into three groups, i.e., experimental group with irrigation of the ear canal with ice water (0 degrees C) (n = 8), and two control groups, one with irrigation of the ear canal with warm water (38 degrees C) (n = 4) and the other with irrigation of the auricle with ice water (n = 4).

RESULTSIn the experimental group, the ice water irrigation of the left external ear canal induced a horizontal nystagmus towards the right side lasting about 45 seconds. No nystagmus was induced by warm water irrigation of the external ear canal or by ice water irrigation of the auricle. The extracellular AA concentration significantly increased following the ice water vestibular stimulation, reaching a maximum of (130 +/- 20)% (n = 8) of the basal dialysate level (2.61 +/- 0.92) micromol/L (n = 8), lasting at least for an hour. AA level did not change distinctly after the irrigation of the left external ear canal with warm water or the irrigation of the auricle with ice water.

CONCLUSIONSThe concentration of extracellular AA in the brain cortex of the SI area increased following the ice water vestibular stimulation. This demonstration may be useful for the investigation of the neurochemical processes associated with AA in the process of vertigo.

Animals ; Ascorbic Acid ; analysis ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Electrochemistry ; methods ; Extracellular Space ; metabolism ; Guinea Pigs ; Ice ; Male ; Microdialysis ; methods ; Physical Stimulation ; methods ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEAfter chemotherapy was used to treat patients with malignant bone tumors in 1970s, amputation, which was the typical intervention in the 1980s, has been substituted with limb-sparing surgery. This article reported the surgical indications, operative methods, operative effects, and complications of prosthetic replacement of the proximal humerus after the resection of bone tumors.

METHODSFrom April 2004 and December 2008, prosthetic replacement was performed in 18 patients with proximal humerus tumors, including 7 patients with osteosarcoma, 5 patients with chondrosarcoma, 3 patients with giant cell tumor (GCT) of the bone, 1 patient with GCT of the bone combined with an aneurysmal bone cyst, and 1 patient with metastatic bone tumors. Using the Enneking staging system, 7 osteosarcomas and 3 chondrosarcomas were at stage Ib, and 3 GCTs and 2 chondrosarcomas were at stage Ib. The patient with metastatic bone tumors reported severe pain.

RESULTSThe follow-up ranged 5-61 months (mean, 29 months) and showed that 1 patient with osteosarcoma died 19 months after surgery. Local recurrence presented in 1 patient with GCT, 1 patient had inner infection in the area of surgery, and 2 patients had shoulder subluxation after the operation. There was no prosthetic loosening in any patient. The abduction angle of the shoulder was 8 degrees-35 degrees, and circumgyrate angle was 18 degrees-25 degrees, with flexion 35 degrees-90 degrees and extension 25 degrees-42 degrees. According to the functional score developed by the International Society of Limb Salvage, scores ranged between 18 and 29 points, with an average of 24 points.

CONCLUSIONSThe prosthesis replacement for the patients with bone tumors in the proximal humerus is an appropriate procedure with satisfactory therapeutic outcomes; however, many complications should be noted and long-term therapeutic effect needs further investigations.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Chondrosarcoma ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Humerus ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Osteosarcoma ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Radiography ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Young Adult