Purpose To investigate clinicopathologic fea-tures of sacral cellular schwanoma and the difference from sacral conventional schwanoma.Methods Eight cases of sacral cellular schwanoma were collected.Microscopic examination and immunohistochemistry were performed for studying the clinical feature,radiologic appearance,pathologic characteristic,immunophenotyping,differential diagnosis and postoperative prognosis.Results There were 5 females and 3 males,whose mean age was 46.4 years.The majority of patients complained of pain in sacrococcygeal region.Radiographically,there was an endosacral or endosacral and presacal mass.Histologically,cellular schwannoma was composed of spindle cells,arranged in interlacing fascicles without nuclear palisading and Verocay bodies.Antoni A and Antoni B were not seen overtly.The destruction of bone was found.Immunohistochemically,tumor cells were diffusely and strongly positive for S-100 protein and vimentin.The mean of Ki-67 index was 6％.Tumor recurrence of 4 cases occurred several years after initial surgical resection.The mean interval to recurrence was 6.5 years.Conclusion Sacral cellular schwanoma is a rare tumor.Compared with sacral conventional schwanoma,it shows different growth pattern and pathologic features.So pathological diagnosis of the tumor should be noted for clinical follow-up and treatment.

Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Radiation Tolerance

Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors ; Methylmalonic Acid ; blood

Objective To investigate the changes of coagulation and fibrinolysis systems in patients with solid cancer. Determine the mechanism of thrombosis formation in solid cancer and the the metastasis mechanism of solid cancer.Methods To measure plasma concentrations of TF,TFPI,t-PA,u-PA,PAI-1 by ELISA and test protein C activity(PC:A)by chromogenic substrate assay.Results Plasma concentrations of TF,TFPI,u-PA,PAI-1 were all higher in solid cancer patients than normal control and higher in metasta- sized team than non-metastasized team.In the dead team,u-PA and PAI-1 were higher while TFPI was low- er. t-PA was higher in cancer patients combined with venous thromboembolism while protein C activity was lower.Conclusion Disorders of coagulation and fibrinolysis system are related to the thrombosis formation in solid cancer.Coagulation and fibrinolysis factors take part in the metastasis progress of solid cancer. High concentration of u-PA and PAI-1 or low concentration of TFPI are considered to be related with poor outcome.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and compare the enzyme kinetic characters of psoralen (PRN)and isopsoralen(IPRN)in rat and human liver microsomes. METHODS PRN and IPRN in liver microsomes incubates were determined using LC-MS/MS. The enzyme kinetic and metabolic stability of PRN and IPRN were investigated by employing the optimized rat and human liver microsomes incubations. The Vmax and Km values were calculated using the nonlinear regression method. RESULTS The quanti?tative method showed good linearity within the range of 0.1-50.0 μmol · L-1 and was suitable for the assay in biological samples. The in vitro elimination was linear with the substrate concentrations lower than 1 μmol,the protein concentration within 0.5 g · L-1,and the incubation time within 40 min. The t1/2 values of PRN and IPRN in rat and human liver microsomes were 74.5,95.0,74.5 and 173.3 min, respectively. The Vmax values of PRN in rat and human liver microsomes were(1.140±0.080)μmol·min-1·g-1 protein,(0.620±0.060)μmol·min-1·g-1 protein,while Km values of PRN in rat and human liver microsomes were (12.9 ± 0.3)μmol · L- 1,(7.4 ± 1.3)μmol · L- 1,respectively. The Vmax values of IPRN in rat and human liver microsomes were(0.251±0.012)and(0.103±0.014)μmol·min-1·g-1 protein,while Km values of IPRN in rat and human liver microsomes were (3.0 ± 0.4)μmol · L-1,(3.4 ± 0.7)μmol · L-1,respectively. CONCLUSION The enzyme kinetic characters and metabolic stability of PRN and IPRN show species and chemical structures related differences. Interestingly,the metabolic eliminations of PRN and IPRN are similar in rats. However,the metabolic elimination of IPRN in humans involved in CYP enzymes may be much slower than that of PRN.

Aim To study the pharmacokinetics characteristics of galanthamine hydrohromide sustained release tablets and conventional tablets in healthy volunteers after a single and multiple oral doses. MethodsA single and multiple oral doses of galanthamine hydrohromide sustained release tablets and conventional tablets were given to 20 healthy male volunteers in a randomized cross-over study. We developed an LC-MS assay using naloxone as the internal standard to determine the plasma concentrations of galanthamine, calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and evaluate the relative bioavailability and sustained release characteristics of galanthamine hydrohromide sustained release tablet. Results The pharmacokinetic parameters of the sustained release tablet and conventional tablet obtained from the single-dose study were as follows: the HVD_12 C_max(time span during which the plasma concentration is at least half of the C_max value)were (15.4?1.7) h and (5.4?2.5) h, the retard quotients (R△,the HVD_12 C_max ratio of sustained release tablets to conventional tablets) of sustained release tablet was 3.4?1.4, the T_max were (4.4?1.5) h and (1.3?1.2) h, the C_max were (27.5?2.9) ?g?L-1 and (53.7?12.7) ?g?L-1.Results showed significant sustained release characteristics of the sustained release tablet. The relative bioavailability of the sustained release tablet was (95.9?14.2) %。The pharmacokinetic parameters of the sustained release tablet and conventional tablet obtained from the multi-dose study were as follows: the T_max were (3.0?1.6) h and (0.9?0.3) h,the CSS_max were (58.8?9.4) ?g?L-1 and (52.0?6.9) ?g?L-1,the CSS_min were (16.2?4.0) ?g?L-1 and (22.5?5.0) ?g?L-1,the C_av were (39.0?3.9) ?g?L-1 and (37.1?5.0) ?g?L-1,the DF were 1.1 ?0.3 and 0.8?0.1, respectively. Results of two one-side t test showed that AUC_SS、CSS_max、C_av of two tablets were bioeqivalent. Conclusion Results showed that the sustained release tablet and the regular tablet were bioequivalent in absorbed extent, and the sustained release tablet exhibited a good retarding effect in release.

Hypoxiaisoneofthemostimportantfactorsinfluencingcancertherapyandclinicalprogno-sis.With positron emission tomography (PET)widely adopted in clinical practice,the development and appli-cation of PET hypoxia imaging agents has been much popular in the field currently.PET hypoxia imaging can detect tumor hypoxia region noninvasively,which has important significance for optimizing cancer treatment decisions and improving the prognosis of cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty (PKP) on bone density and serum leptin in patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures. Methods One hundred and two patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures and 100 cases of healthy control were treated with PKP surgery. The serum leptin and adiponectin, and the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine were determined. Results patients Levels of the serum leptin and adiponectin in patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture were significantly higher than those with non osteoporotic fracture patients (P < 0.05). One month post-PVP, the levels of serum leptin and adiponectin in the two groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). postoperative group of The lumbar bone density at 1 month post-operation was is significantly higher than that before operation in each group (P < 0.05, respectively), with no significant difference between the two groups. The levels of serum leptin and adiponectin were negatively correlated with the bone mineral density (BMD) (P < 0.05). Conclusions tLevels of serum adiponectin and leptin were both increased in osteoporotic or non bone osteoporosis thoracolumbar vertebral compressor fractures. The percutaneous vertebroplasty forming operation could effectively reduce the serum level of leptin and adiponectin, and improve the bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae.

Objective To investigate the changes of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-αafter cholecystectomy.Methods 46 cases with cholecystolithiasis were selected and divided into 2 groups.23 in control group were treated with open cholecystectomy, experimental group were treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.The levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and CD4 +/CD8 +T were compared in the two groups pre-and post-treatment.ResuIts Compared with pre-treatment, two groups of patients with IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6 and CD4 +T and CD4 +/CD8 +T increased (P<0.05), compared with control group, experimental group IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6, CD4 +/CD8 +T levels were higher (P<0.05).ConcIusion Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can significantly reduce the IL-6, TNF-αand IL-10 levels, reduce the body′s stress response to surgery, and reduce blood flow, shorten the operation time.

A piece of news was introduced into pharmacology course examination.Students were asked to make comments on the news based on pharmacology knowledge or principles.All points of view were summarized and given back to the students after the examination. The right way to answer the question was discussed and a consensus on the answer was reached.lt was indicated that the teaching method in the trial is helpful for improvement of students' overall analytical skills.