The lack of donor corneal endothelium is a serious impediment to the development of corneal endothelial transplantation,whereas the bioengineered cornea provides an approach to this problem.Functional corneal endothelial cells which differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can,to some extent,relieve the lack of donor corneas,especially for corneal endothelia.At the moment,an optimal way of offering bioengineered-corneal endothelium is to cultivate the corneal endothelial cells in vitro.This is a process of inducing human ESCs to differentiate into neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) and then into corneal endothelial cells in a favorable medium with growth factors and extracellular matrix,which are matched microenvironment of endothelial cells in vitro.However,the inducement condition is still pending and remains for further research.This article reviewed the researching development of bioengineered-corneal endothelium from the effect of microenvironment and the induction of human ESCs.

0.05).TGF-?1 of patients with PHN,trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia either administered NSAIDs drugs or not were significantly lower than patients with Cervical spondylosis and lumbar disc herniation either administered NSAIDs drugs or not respectively(P

The vetting of senior professional positions in hospitals is related not only to the development of staff members,but also to the quality of the medical service.It is a multiple-stage process,which involves individuals and every department of a hospital,and is associated with a good understanding of policy and professional knowledge.Naturally,the vetting of senior professional position may bring about many new conditions and problems now and then,which pose challenges that need to be perceived and solved in time.The this article focuses on the resolution of the problems that may arise during the vetting process of senior professional positions of a hospital,and proposes suggestions for the improvement of the vetting.

This study aimed to analyze about the perception in obesity and body somatotype of university students in Korea and in China. This study provides the basic data of nutrition education for university student healthy weight program in China. The subjects were selected 240 university students of Korea and China. Two types of qualitative and quantitative questionnaires were used to analyze the attitude and body somatotype of subjects. The results of this study were as follows: The average BMI of Korean and Chinese male students was 22.3 and 22.5, respectively while the average BMI of Korean and Chinese female students was 19.8 and 19.7, respectively. In the past three years, the weight gain of Chinese students was higher than that of Korean students. Chinese students preferred the overweight body somatotype more compared to the Korean students. The overweight and obese students had more obvious insufficiency in body somatotype perception. The overweight and obese students had higher tendency to 'eat more meat', 'drink carbonated beverages', 'eat convenience food', 'take fast food' and 'drink alcohol' than the normal and low weight group. The major reasons for Korean students to control weight were 'appearance' and 'self confidence', while the major reasons for Chinese students were 'health' and 'employment'. From the results of associative group analysis (AGA), Chinese students had different semantic value of 'obese' than Korean students. Considering of the food transition status in China, it may be necessary to develop more suitable education programs for weight control for Chinese university students.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carbon ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Semantics ; Somatotypes ; Weight Gain

This article briefly introduces how to rationally use antibiotics in patients with strokeassociated pneumonia from the aspects of etiology,disease,and antibiotic use.A great importance should be attached early to the standard pathologic examination,and the initial empiric treatment should be timely and adequate.The complex preparation of broad-spectrum penicillin/β-lactamase inhibitor is generally recommended,on this basis,the etiological examination results should be sought actively.Selecting the highly targeted or sensitive antibiotics improve the efficacy and reduce adverse reactions.

Objective To investigate the distribution and variety of quinolone-resistance genes in a group of multiple resistant Klebsiella.Methods A total of 20 strains of multiple resistant Klebsiella were collected from inpatients in Huai' an First People' s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University during February 2010 and March 2012.Strains were identified by molecular identification,and quinolone target genes (gyrA,ParC) and quinolone-resistance genes mediated by mobile genetic elements (qnrA,qnrB,qnrS,aac (6′)-Ⅰ b-Cr,qepA) were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results In 20 strains of Klebsiella,19 were Klebsiella pneumonia,and 1 was Klebsiella variicola.gyrA and parC genes were found in all 20 strains,and gyrA mutation was found in 11 strains (55.0％),andparC mutation was also found in 11strains (55.0％).aac(6′)-Ⅰ b-cr was positive in 10 strains (50.0％),qnrA was positive in 1 strain (5.0％),and qnrB was positive in 3 strains (15.0％).gyrA and parC in strain No.6 and No.10 were both novel variants (GenBank registration number:JX123016,JX123017,JX144393,JX144394).Conclusion Quinolone-resistance-determining region plays a key role in resistance to quinolones in this group of Klebsiella,and it is the first report on the emergence of novel variants of gyrA and parC in one Klebsiella pneumonia in China.

Objective To investigate the influence of sevoflurane and total intravenous anesthesia with propofol on hepatic and renal function in elder patients under gastrectomy .Methods 55 patients between the ages of 60-75 ,ASA physical status class Ⅰor Ⅱ ,scheduled for an elective gastrectomy were randomly divided into two groups .Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane 1% -1 .2% and remifentanil (0 .1-0 .2)μg · kg -1 · min-1 in the group S and propofol (1 -2)mg · kg -1 · h-1 and remifentanil (0 .1-0 .2)μg · kg -1 · min-1 in the group T .The hepatic and renal function ,aspartate aminotransferase (AST ) ,alanine amin-otransferase(ALT),bloodureanitrogen(BUN)andcreatinineweretestedatpreoperation(baseline),postoperative1dayand3 days .Results AST was increased at postoperative 1 day and 3 day ,compared with that of the preoperation in the group S and group T .Serum BUN at 3 day and creatinine at 1 day and 3 day were significantly higher from the preoperative values in group S (P<0 .05) ,but the values were within its normal limit .ALT was not changed after anesthesia in the both groups .And Serum BUN and creatinine were not changed after anesthesia in the T groups (P>0 .05) .There were no significant difference in the AST ,ALT , BUN and creatinine between the groups(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The changes of hepatic and renal effect after inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane and remifentanil and TIVA with propofol and remifentanil for gastrectomy are clinically insignficant ,and there is no difference between the two methods .

Purpose:To investigate the therapeutic effect of PEFC chemotherapy regimen (cisplatin or carboplatin,etoposide,fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide) on primary carcinoma of fallopian tube.Methods:41 patients with primary carcinoma of fallopian tube were divided into two groups: 20 patients in PEFC group received PEFC chemotherapy; 21 patients in CAP group received CAP chemotherapy. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared.Results:1 , 3 , 5 year progression free survival rate of PEFC group and CAP group were: 100%, 67.34%, 67.34%; 76 19%, 51 88%, 45 40% respectively ( P

Objective To study the expression of malignant melanoma(MM) related genes by cDNA microarray technique. Methods mRNA, extracted from tissues of patients and normal controls, was reversely transcripted into cDNA and marked with 33P. The cDNA probes were hybridized to cDNA microarrays, which contained 2000 human genes each array. The down-regulation of two co-differentiated expressed genes was confirmed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Results Different expression between MM and normal controls was found in 4.7%-6.15% of genes by more than 2 times,0.75%-1.4% by more than 5 times, and 0.45-0.5% by more than 10 times. These genes were pro-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, genes related to apoptosis, cell cycle related genes, and so on. Three genes were down-regulated in all of the patients. Two of those genes, histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein (HINT) and RBP1-like protein (BCAA), were down-regulated, as identification by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Conclusions cDNA microarray can be used effectively to reveal melanoma gene expression profiling for the propose of carcinogenesis study. HINT and BCAA are the first reported genes down-regulated in MM. However, further studies are needed for their expressive specificity and mechanism in MM.

Objective:To study the feasibility and reliability of using phosphorylated H2AX(?H2AX)as a predictor for sensitivity of hepatic carcinoma cell HepG2.215 to chemotherapy agents: etoposide, doxorubicin, mitomycin, and cisplatin. Methods: HepG2.215 cells were exposed to etoposide, doxorubicin, mitomycin or cisplatin of 1, 2, 4 and 20 concentration index (CI). Untreated HepG2.215 cells were taken as control. The proportion of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX was measured by flow cytometry, the number of ?H2AX foci in HepG2.215 cells was measured by immunocytochemistry, and cell proliferation was measured by MTT. The correlation between the number of ?H2AX foci and the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX in HepG2.215 cells was analyzed; the correlation of CI with the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX or ?H2AX foci and inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was analyzed; and the correlation of inhibitory rate of cell praliferation with the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX or ?H2AX foci was also analyzed. Results: There was a positive correlation between the number of ?H2AX foci and the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX in HepG2.215 cells after treatment with the above 4 agents (all P