Silent cerebral infarction is widely exist in the elderly population.It is considered to be the early clinical stage of symptomatic stroke and cognitive impairment.The incidences of silent cerebral infarction are higher in patients with atrial fibrillation and after atrial fibrillation ablation.It is not clear whether anticoagulant therapy can prevent silent cerebral infarction and improve cognitive function in patients with atrial fibrillation.This article reviews the hot issues related to silent cerebral infarction and atrial fibrillation.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act by binding to complementary sites on target messenger RNA (mRNA) to induce mRNA degradation and/or translational repression. To investigate the influence of miRNAs at transcript levels, two human miRNAs (miR-1 and miR-124) were transfected into HeLa cells and microarrays used to examine changes in the mRNA profile showed that many genes were downregulated and that the fold decreases in levels of these target mRNAs differed remarkably. Features depicting interactions between miRNAs and their respective target mRNAs, such as the number of putative binding sites, the strength of complementary matches and the degree of stabilization of the binding duplex, were extracted and analyzed. It was found that, for a given target mRNA, both the quality and quantity of miRNA binding sites significantly affected its degree of destabilization. To delineate these types of interactions, a simple statistical model was proposed, which considers the combined effects of both the quality and quantity of miRNA binding sites on the degradation levels of target mRNAs. The analysis provides insights into how any animal miRNA might interact with its target mRNA. It will help us in designing more accurate methods for predicting miRNA targets and should improve understanding of the origins of miRNAs.

Objective To investigate the expression level of miR-133b in cancer tissues of patients with prostate cancer and its effect on the proliferation of prostate cancer cells.Methods The total RNAs in resected prostate cancer tissues and adjacent tissues from 30 patients with prostate cancer were extracted and reversely transcripted into cDNA,and then the expression levels of miR-133b were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.The correlations between the expression levels of miR-133b and the patients' clinicopathological features were analyzed.The expression of positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 16 (PRDM16) and proliferation of PC-3 cells transfected with miR-133b mimics by LipofectamineTM 3000 were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and the CCK8 method,respectively.Results The expression levels of miR-133b in prostate cancer tissues [(16.85 ± 0.94) × 10-4] was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues [(22.95 ± 1.567) × 10-4,t =3.335,P ＜ 0.01].The expression levels of PRDM16 in PC-3 cells transfected with miR-133b mimics were significantly lower than that in the control group (0.371 ±0.031 vs 1.000 ±0.022,t =12.53,P ＜ 0.01).The proliferation ability of PC3 cells transfected with miR-133b mimics for 72 hours was significantly lower than that in the control group (t =6.811,P ＜ 0.01).Similarly,the proliferation ability of PC-3 cells transfected with PRDM16 inhibitor for 72 hours was also significantly lower than that in the control group (t =9.048,P ＜0.01).Conclusion The expression levels of miR-133b in prostate cancer tissues are significantly down-regulated,which regulate the proliferation of prostate cancer cells possibly through PRDM16.

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) act by binding to complementary sites on target messenger RNA(mRNA) to induce mRNA degradation and/or translational repression.To investigate the influence of miRNAs at transcript levels,two human miRNAs(miR-1 and miR-124) were transfected into HeLa cells and microarrays used to examine changes in the mRNA profile showed that many genes were downregulated and that the fold decreases in levels of these target mRNAs differed remarkably.Features depicting interactions between miRNAs and their respective target mRNAs,such as the number of putative binding sites,the strength of complementary matches and the degree of stabilization of the binding duplex,were extracted and analyzed.It was found that,for a given target mRNA,both the quality and quantity of miRNA binding sites significantly affected its degree of destabilization.To delineate these types of interactions,a simple statistical model was proposed,which considers the combined effects of both the quality and quantity of miRNA binding sites on the degradation levels of target mRNAs.The analysis provides insights into how any animal miRNA might interact with its target mRNA.It will help us in designing more accurate methods for predicting miRNA targets and should improve understanding of the origins of miRNAs.

12 patients with inconsistent growth of twins were involved.The acoustic features were analyzed,inclu-ding 2D and Doppler images.The differential diagnosis was verified during follow-up exam in some patients.8 cases were diagnosed with sIUGR by ultrasonography,meanwhile 3 were diagnosed with TTTS.The rest 1 case could not be etiologically diagnosed due to the bad image conditions.We can differentiate the two diseases by evaluating the umbilical cord insertion,the amiotic fluid and the hemodynamics of the other twin.Ultrasonography is helpful in the differential diagnosis for TTTS and sIUGR.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of Heparin-binding protein (HBP) in maintenance hemodialysis patients in catheter-related infections.Methods 75 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled in the study and divided into observation group(n=45,with catheter-related infections) and control group(n=45,without catheter-related infections).The serum HBP,procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were detected.The values in diagnostic of catheter-related infections and Gram-negative bacterial infections were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve.Results There were 34 cases of patients infected by Gram-positive bacterial with the rate of 75.6% and 11 cases of patients infected by Gram-negative bacterial with rate of 24.4%.The serum HBP,PCT and CRP levels in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group and the serum HBP,PCT levels of patients infected by Gram-negative bacterial were higher than those of patients infected by Gram-positive bacterial (P<0.05).The area under curves of HBP,PCT,CRP in diagnosis of catheter-related infections were 0.955,0.890,0.871 with sensitivity of 86.7%,88.9%,62.2% and specificity of 93.3%,73.3%,93.3%.The value of HBP in diagnosis of Gram-negative bacteria infections was better than PCT and CRP.The area under ROC was 0.818 and the cut off value was HBP>27.52 μg/L with sensitivity of 100.0% and specificity of 61.8%.Conclusion Serum HBP,PCT and CRP may be the effective indicators for diagnosis of catheter-related infections,and the HBP has important reference value for diagnosis of Gram-negative bacterial infections.

Objective To study the pathogenesis of pathogens of sexually transmitted disease (STD) in acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Methods Neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trchomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum were cutured respectively in 130 patients with acute PID Results The pathogens of STD had been found in 55 patients The detective rate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was 6 9% (9/130), about half of them were mixed infection; the detective rate of chlamydia trachomatis was 4 6% (6/130), all of them were mixed infection; the positive percentage of ureaplasma urealyticum was 37 7% (49/130), one third of them were mixed infection Conclusion The pathogens of STD might cause acute PID or only play a synergetic role in it

Through a congenital cleft hand cleft foot line analysis of clinical manifestations, the mode of inherit-ance, clinical type of 15 patients. It was found that the pedigrees of congenital foot deformity in patients with cleft hand cleft hand split foot crack were typical, and non-syndromic. The disease presents the typical pedigree body autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, clinical manifestations of the great differences between patients, the pres-ence of significant genetic heterogeneity.

Adenocarcinoma of exocrine pancreas is a highly malignant tumor with extremely low resectability.Radiotherapy,by inducing necrosis and apoptosis of tumor cells through irradiation effects on cellular DNA,in combination with chemotherapy,has made great contribution to multimodal treatment of this malignancy.The development of radiation therapy for pancreatic carcinoma in recent years was reviewed in neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings,and for locally advanced disease.Further evidence is required to show the impact of radiochemotherapy in the treatment of unresectable disease.

Objective To investigate the MRI manifestations and its pathologic foundation of adrenal myelolipoma.Methods MRI images of 13 patinets with adrenal myelolipoma confirmed by pathological assessment were analyzed retrospectively.MRI fingings were also studied in correlation with surgical pathology.Results The MRI diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma in 13 patients were correct preoperative.Huge mass in the adrenal were found in 11 patients with T 1WI high signal intensity and mixed with conclamata and stripe low signal intensity.The high signal intensity was mature fatty tissue and the low signal intensity was myeloid tissue on pathologic examination.2 patients appeared as mixed signal intensity principle isointensity on T 1WI images,and the pathological findings was tumor hemorrhage.The high signal intensity changes to low signal intensity and slight higher than the signal of subcutaneous fatty tissue on T 1WI or T 1WI with fatty suppression.The low signal intensity of the myeloid tissue and the hemorrhage were high sinal intensity.No enhancement were found in all patients.Partly capsule enhancement were found in 2 patients with tumor hemorrhage and infection.The inferior cava vena was displaced to the anterior and internal side in all patients.Conclusion The characteristic manifestation of adrenal myelolipoma is high signal intensity change of the fatty tissue and no enhancement on contrast-enhanced MRI image.MRI could give correct diagnosis of the adrenal myelolipoma preoperative.