Antithyroid drugs(ATD)is the main treatment for hyperthyroidism and its adverse reactions have been much concerned by physicians. Methimazole(MMI)and propylthiouracil(PTU)are the two common antitithyroid drugs used currently. Generally, the ATD are safe and effective, though their clinical adverse reactions are also relatively common. The toxic effects include liver damage and leukocytopenia, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated pulmonary small-vessel vasculitis, hypoglycemia, allergic reactions, muscle impairment,and so on. They are usually reversible and disappear spontaneously when the drug is discontinued. However,the serious rare side effects can also occur and there may have potentially deadly threatening effects which need to be cautious for the clinicians. MMI is usually preferred over PTU because it has significantly fewer side effects. And unlike the dose-dependent side effects of MMI, there has no significant correlation between adverse reaction and drug dosage in using PTU. Moreover, PTU has more severe hepatotoxity than MMI, even fatal liver impairment and liver failure. The risk of liver damage from PTU is an important concern, particularly in children. For this reason, MMI is the first choice for treating children with hyperthyroidism.

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine tumor.Clinical manifestations are varied with multiple organs involved,mainly due to hypercalcemia.So far the etiology and pathogenesis of parathyroid carcinoma are still unclear and preoperatively diagnosis is difficult.Technetium-99 m sestamibi scan and ultrasound can help to find the early lesions.Complete surgical resection with suspicious involved lymph nodes is the recommended treatment.Parathyroid carcinoma is insensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.New immune therapy yields unsure efficacy.Therapeutic effect and prognosis mainly depend on primary surgical resection of the tumor.The disease recurs in more than 50％ of patients with poor prognosis.

Objective:To improve the work of drug quality sampling and testing. Methods:The regulation of testing related work in Drug Quality Sampling and Testing Regulation was analyzed and discussed. Results and Conclusion: Some suggestions were pro-vided in order to improve the regulation of testing work in Drug Quality Sampling and Testing Regulation.

Humans ; Medical Staff ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health

Health Promotion ; Humans ; Occupational Health ; Prospective Studies ; Workplace

Objective To analyze the clinical significance of aberrant hepatic artery which originated from superior mesenteric artery in liver cancer and gastric cancer operations.Method Four hundred liver cancer patients who underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and multislice spiral computed tomography angiography (MSCTA) and 86 gastric cancer patients who underwent MSCTA between June 2008 and June 2010 and operated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were included in this study.Preoperatively,the origins of the aberrant hepatic arteries from superior mesenteric arteries were detected by medical imaging.Postoperatively,immunohistochemistry of lymphoid tissues around the aberrant hepatic arteries of the gastric cancer patients were performed using recombinant human cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) to determine the incidence of lymph node metastases around the aberrant arteries.Results Among 486 patients,49 patients with liver cancer and 14 patients with gastric cancer had an aberrant hepatic artery which originated from the superior mesenteric artery.The rate was 12.96％ (63/486).The hepatic artery ran in front of the pancreas in 2 patients (3.17％) and behind the pancreas in 61 patients (96.83％).Immunohistochemical analyses of CK20 and CEA were negative which revealed no metastases in the lymphoid tissues surrounding the aberrant arteries.Conclusions Aberrant hepatic artery originated from the superior mesenteric artery can be classified into the pre-pancreas type and postpancreas type.The majority of aberrant hepatic artery belonged to the post-pancreas type.The clinical significance of aberrant hepatic artery is that the hepatic hilar lymph nodes should be dissected in liver cancer and gastric cancer operations.

Objective: To investigate the changes of TRPM8 expression in dorsal root ganglion(DRG) in the rat model of chronic constriction injury(CCI) of the sciatic nerve. Methods: Seventy-two male SD rats weighing 250~280 g were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 36 each): group I (CCI) and group II (sham operation). The threshold of cold hyperalgesia, heat hyperalgesia and mechanical hyperalgesia were measured before operation (baseline) and at 1, 4, 7, 10 and 14 d after operation. Six rats were killed at each time point in each group. The L5 DRGs ipsilateral to nerve injury were dissected out for determination of transient receptor potential melastatin 8(TRPM8) by immunohistochemical assay. Results: The thresholds of cold, thermal and mechanical stimuli started to decrease at 4 d after CCI in operation group and maintained at a relatively low level until the end of experiment. The cold and thermal hyperalgesia peaked at 10 d after operation and mechanical hyperalgesia at 14 d. Immunohistochemical assay demonstrated that expression of TRPM8 were increased in L5DRG on the operated side significantly at 4 d after CCI and reached the peak at 10 d and was maintained at a high level until the end of experiment. Conclusion: The upregulation of TRPM8 in DRG involved in the mechanism of neuropathic pain.

Objective To evaluate the role of 3 D spiral computerized tomographic angiography (SCTA) in microsurgery of separating craniopagus twins Methods A case of craniopagus twins underwent spiral CTA Image reconstruction was made by shaded surface display Result SCTA demonstrated osseous fusion in twins skull Parts of bone and dura mater were found to be absent in the fused area Two parts of brain tissues were linked together, and some area were fused Twins' one third of posterior superior sagittal sinuses were fused and converged into a common sinus One side of their transverse sinuses were fused Conclusion SCTA can clearlly reveal the abnormalities of skull, cerebrum, intracranial blood vessels, especially the stereostruction between intracranial blood vessels and skull SCTA is useful for intraoperative bone design and decision of surgical route and has important value in formulating surgical plans

Objective To explore the characteristics of clinic and epidemiology of neonatal respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) pneumonia in newborn infants.Methods Three hundred and nine neonates(male 196,female 113) who were admitted to children's hospital of Fudan University and identified as having RSV pneumonia from Jan.2004 to Dec.2008 were enrolled.RSV antigen was detected in exfoliated respiratory cells by direct immunofluorescence.All the clinical data were collected and subjects and they were divided into different groups based on path of infection,gestational age and RSV status.Results From case notes over the 5 years,309 eligible neonates with RSV infection were identified.Male term neonates were more likely to acquire infection,as compared to female,1.71.0.The incidence of RSV infection peaked in winter and spring.Compared with community acquired infection group,hospital acquired infection group had more premature infants(23.2% vs 8.7%,P=0.002),lower birth weight[(3 010.8?852.8) g vs(3 153.2?943.4) g,P=0.026],much longer mean length of hospital stay[(19.0?8.0) d vs(12.2?4.5) d,P=0],more expensive cost[(5 646.4?3632.2) RMB vs(4 175.8?2 879.2) RMB,P=0] and later occurrence day[(21.3?8.6) d vs(15.8?6.0) d,P=0].Compared with simple RSV infection group,mixed infection group had more expensive cost[(6 063.1?3 085.4) RMB vs(4 513.2?3 860.8) RMB,P=0.047] and more oxygen use(40.0% vs 25.7%,P=0.006).The clinical characteristics of patients with RSV pneumonia varied.Preterm group compared with term group more frequently exhibited apnea and cyanosis(20.0% vs 0.7%,42.9% vs 22.7%),respectively.Forty-two percent of them had bacterial infection,while 13.3% of them had infection of other part of body.The prognosis of most RSV(99.0%) infections was good.Conclusions RSV was an important cause of respiratory tract infections during the last five years.Clinical characteristics of RSV infections were atypical.Hospital acquired RSV infection was more severe than the community acquired infection in neonates.There are no specific,effective interventions for treating RSV infections,so preventive measures are most important.

The identification and classification of Thermus to Thermales is revie wed. Up to now, the order Thermales is consist of only one family Thermaceae, w h ich includes 4 genera with 14 valid species about 50 strains, and with 4 unvalid spcecies and more than 50 strains unidentified. The morphology, physiology, G+ C mol%, DND hybridization, fatty acid components, 16S rRNA alignment and secondar y structure analyses have been tools for the taxonomy of Thermales.