Brain ; physiopathology ; Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Cognition Disorders ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Oxygen ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the cognition of the elderly to the safety of drug use and their demand for pharmaceutical care,and to improve pharmaceutical care in the hospital and guarantee the safety of drug use.METHODS: Questionnaires about medication information were designed.315 elderly patients,who were collected from 10 old-age homes of Liaocheng,domestic sickbed department and 5 community medical service stations of Liaocheng Municipal People's Hospital from Oct.2008 to Mar.2009,were involved in study.Investigation data were analyzed statistically using SPSS17.0 software.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Results of study showed that the elderly had not sufficient knowledge towards the safety of drug use,especially drug allergies,side effects of drugs and special population medication.There was significant difference in the understanding of the safety of drug use among the elderly with different education levels,different occupations and different medical insurance patterns.The potential danger of medication is present.They are desirous of acquiring pharmaceutical care.Pharmacists should carry out medicine consultation and popularize pharmaceutical knowledge.They also should provide a comprehensive pharmaceutical care for the elderly people to ensure the safety of drug use in the elderly.

Immunoblotting(IB) technique has been frequently used to detect bullous pemphigoid (BP) antibodies in BP patient.It is important to extract the antigen proteins fully and intactly in the base membrane zone(BMZ) of normal human epidermis.The simple method of extracting antigens will make IB techniqne easy.Three different methods of extracting antigen proteins were compared.Using IB for detecting BP antibodies,it has been found that the results of epidermal extract preparations are basically similar.However,one of these methods (NO.1) is more convenient and may obtain more amounts of antigens.Another method(No.3) is identical to that of extracting antigens in dermis for de- tecting epidermolysis bullosa acquista (EBA) antibodies.Therefore,in using IB technique to distinguish BP from EBA,one can apply method No.3.

The problem based teaching (PBT) has been the main approach to the training in the universities o the world. Combined with the team oriented learning method, PBT will become the method available to the education in medical universities. In the paper, based on the common questions in teaching Jingluo Shuxue Xue (Science of Meridian and Acupoint), the concepts and characters of PBT and the team oriented learning method were analyzed. The implementation steps of PBT were set up in reference to the team oriented learning method. By quoting the original text in Beiji Qianjin Yaofang (Essential recipes for emergent use worth a thousand gold), the case analysis on "the thirteen devil points" was established with PBT.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Points ; Case-Control Studies ; Education, Medical ; methods ; Faculty ; Humans ; Meridians ; Problem-Based Learning ; methods

Apoptosis ; Child ; Cytokines ; immunology ; secretion ; Humans ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; immunology ; therapy

Axial symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as gait disturbance and postural instability, do not respond well to anti-Parkinson drugs or deep brain stimulation.It has been reported that spinal cord stimulation can improve these symptoms, but the effects are not consistent.This article reviews animal experiments and clinical trials on spinal cord stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, in order to explore the mechanisms of action of spinal cord stimulation and give some suggestions for future research and clinical application.

Objective To analyze the quality control of the conformal radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods Using BJ-6 6MV linear accelerator, STAR -2000 3D TPS and immobilization device, the patient of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated by the conformal radiotherapy. Results Adopting individualized compatibly-shaped face masks and CT scanning (2mm interval, 2mm thickness), three dimensional data of the target and the other tissues were acquired. The conformal radiotherapy was designed in planning system. At the treatment, the target volume was put on the isocenter of the linear accelerator by the customized patient positioning. Conclusion Because the nasopharyngeal carcinoma is located in a special area and it is surrounded by some important organ, in the conformal radiotherapy, the quality control of the CT immobilization technique and the customized patient positioning is very important. This can ensure effective and safe irradiation for the small target volume while excessive irradiation is avoided in other surrounding organs.

[Qbjective]To observe the effects of Zidian prescription extracted by two kinds of process on ITP mice.[Methods] Using APS to inject into mice to induce the ITP model.Mice were divided into 6 groups: C,M,DC,X,S and G groups.The number of platelet on 7th day and 14th day were measured in mice.Meanwhile the weight on 7th day and 14th day and the degree of subcutaneous bleeding were recorded.[Results]There is no significant difference in weight and the number of platelet in all groups before the experiment.Compared with the C group,the weight is in down trend in M group on 7th day,the weight and the number of platelet were declined in M group on 14th day,the petechia was more clearly in M group.Compared with the M group,the weight is up trend in DC,X,S and G groups on 7th day,the weight and the number of platelet are enhanced in DC,X,S and G groups on 14th day,the petechia was decreased in DC,S and G groups significantly.Compared with the DC group,the number of platelet is decreased in X,S and G groups.Compared with the X group,the number of platelet is increased in S and G groups.[Conclusion] Zidian prescription extracted by two kinds of extraction process has an remedial effect on ITP mouse.There is no significant difference between the two kinds of extraction process.

Objective To provide guide for clinical diagnosis,classification and treatment of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder(CKD-MBD).Methods A total of 56 patients with chronic renal insufficiency were divided into three different groups:CKD4 period,CKD5 period and long-term hemodialysis(over 5 years).Their serum calcium,phosphorus,iPTH,bAP,and TRACP levels,and the bone mineral density were examined.Results The incidences of CKD-MBD in the three groups were 36.4%,73.0%,and 87.5%,respectively.High-turnover bone disease accounted for 65.79%,and the low-turnover bone disease accounted for 34.21%.The bAP and TRACP activity was significantly increased in patients with high-turnover bone disease and decreased in those with low-turnover bone disease.Conclusion CKD-MBD is a common complication of patients with chronic renal failure,with the main type being high-turnover bone disease,but the low-turnover bone disease can not be ignored.TRACP and bAP are the sensitive indicators of osteoblasts and osteoclast activity,and they could be used to identify high or low turnover bone disease.TRACP and bAP,together with serum calcium,phosphorus,iPTH,bone mineral density changes,can be used for a comprehensive analysis of bone metabolic state,so as to guide the diagnosis,sub-typing,drug selection and comprehensive treatment of CKD-MBD.

The anatomical and functional details of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint were studied on 55 normal cadaver knees of adults.ACL is made up of multiple fascicles, the basic unit of which is collagen. It is attached to the medial surface of the lateral femoral condyle and front of the anterior tibial spine. ACL is narrow in the middle and fans out at the attachments. The fascicles of ACL have been summarily divided into two groups: the anterior medial portion (AMP) and the posterior lateral portion(PLP). The tension of AMP is different from that of PLP during movement of the knee. ACL restricts the anterior drawer sign, and the internal and external rotation of the knee. AMP acts with the knee in flexion and PLP in extension. ACL restricts hyperextension, too. The function of ACL is related to its morpholcgical structure and the anatomy of the attachments. Rupture of ACL may result in instability of the knee, and injuries to the different components of ACL may produce different signs.