Non-vascular interventional diagnostic methods of thyroid nodules include ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology(USgFNAC)and ultrasonography-guided core-needle biopsy(USgCNB).USgFNAC is a practical method used to select and to guide the treatment of various thyroid nodules, however, it is difficult to make a differentiation between benign and malignant lesions simply to rely on the findings of a small number of cells.USgCNB has the advantage of being able to obtain satisfactory specimen enough for making a histological diagnosis, although this procedure is contraindicated in some patients.Non-vascular interventional treatments of thyroid nodules include percutaneous ethanol injection(PEI) and ultrasonography-guided interstitial laser photocoagulation(USgILP).Both PEI and USgILP have fine effect on the benign thyroid nodules.Compared with PEI, laser-induced necrosis can be well controlled, thus, the adverse reactions, such as the formation of fibrosis adjacent to the nodule, vocal cord paralysis, etc.can be avoided.Non-vascular interventional treatments may cause some untoward effects.For the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules, the non-vascular interventional procedure is simple, safe, effective and economic with less complications, therefore, this technique is worth being popularized in clinical practice.

Objective To explore the value of high frequency and color doppler ultrasonography on diagnosis of deep venous thrombus in lower extremitiy.Method 32 cases with lower extremitiy deep venous thrombi diagnosed by angiography were further examined by CDFI,36 healthy cases were randomly selected as the normal group (NOR).Results High frequency and CDFI displayed the venous image in normal lower limbs rapidly and clearly as well as the echographic features of different shapes and types of the obstructed vessels.Conclusion High frequency and CDFI as a non-invasive and realtime method is better than angiography in diagnosis of the disease.

Objective To observe the role of PGE 1 in heart-lung transplantation. Methods PGE 1 combined with modified LPD solution as the lung flush solution of the donor was applied in heart-lung transplantation. Results PGE 1 combinded with modified LPD solution provided the excellent effect of lung pretection. The patient survived over one year after heart-lung transplantation, and never occurred severe infection, lung disfunction and severe graft rejection. Conclusion The combination use of PGE 1 and modified LPD solution as the lung flush solution in heart-lung transplantation possessed a excellent protective effect for lung.

AIM: To study the inhibitiory effects of Fuerkang Injection (sweet worm wood oil,glycyrrhetate and Vitamin A acetate) and its ingredients on SMMC-7721 and NB4 cell lines,in order to understand its antitumour spectrum and reasonability of its composition. METHODS: SMMC-7721 and NB4 cell lines were treated with Fuerkang Injection and its ingredients under the same concentration for 48 h,adriamycin was used as standard comparison,inhibitiory effect on growth of two cell lines was detected by MTT method. RESULTS: At 1.260 ?g/mL,the inhibition rate of Fuerkang Injection and its decomposed recipes preparations 1,2,3 to SMMC-7721 cell lines were 54.78%,55.49%,53.18%,53.79%,hemi-inhibitory concentration IC_50 were 0.415,0.376,0.715 and 0.636 ?g/mL,respectively.The inhibition rate of NB4 cell lines were 88.6%,82.5%,77.9% and 76.9%,hemi-inhibitory concentration IC_50 were 0.091,0.108 1,0.084 and 0.120 ?g/mL. CONCLUSION: Fuerkang Injection and its ingredients have significant inhibitory action on SMMC-7721 and NB4 cell lines,each component herb in the compound preparation has synergetic effects.

Minimally invasive treatment with lung volume reduction is the promising future for severe pulmonary emphysema patients. With emerging and improving of new techniques and instruments, it would become an important choice for managing severe emphysema. A comprehensive review is here documented through the corvelative techniques, instruments, new achievements and latest research work.(J Intervent Radiol, 2006,15:53-56)

Objective To investigate the value of electroencephalogram(EEG), transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) on evaluating brain function in coma patients. Methods The brain function in 72 cases of coma(mild coma 12,moderate coma 17,open eyes coma 4 and severe coma 39 cases) were examined using EEG,SEP ,TCD and scored. Results For the first time of exam, the results of EEG in 25 cases were electrical silence; no blood stream signalthe were found in 28 cases by TCD; the wave of P14 were disappeared in 26 cases by SEP and all of them belonged to severe coma group. For the second time exam, the results of finally EEG in 17 cases were electrical silence. The results of TCD in other 24 cases were surge waves and nail waves spectra eumorphism. Brain function grading: the EEG grade V in 42 cases, grade Ⅳ in 10 cases, grade Ⅲ in 14 cases were affirmed; TCD grade V in 28 cases, grade Ⅳ in 9 cases and SEP grade Ⅲ in 27 cases were affirmed. All the 28 cases of death and the most of 25 cases abandoned treatment for many reasons were belong to severe coma group. Conclusions The more severe of coma, the higher grade of EEG,TCD and SEP, the worse of prognosis. EEG,SEP,TCD testing can provide an objective indicator not only for evaluating brain function of coma patients, but aslo for estimating prognosis.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of transperineum color Doppler ultrasonography (TPCDU) and transabdominal color Doppler ultrasonography (TACDU) in pelvic varicosis (PV). Methods Thirty-eight patients with PV were detected by using TACDU and TPCDU separately, and the diagnostic value between the two ways was compared. Operational results was used as standard, and the degree of lesion in patients with PV was evaluated based on the results of surgery. Results The rate of diagnostic accuracy was high in both methods (TACDU 92% and TACDU 79%, separately). However, the rate of diagnostic accuracy and the site detectable were significantly higher by TPCDU than by TACDU (P

BACKGROUND:Nitric oxide can interfere with the function of mitochondria, and accelerate the intervertebral disc damage and degeneration by interfering with the release of inflammatory cytokines. Nitric oxide is an important inflammatory cel medium leading to degeneration of intervertebral disc induced by pressure and other external factors.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the regulatory effect of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor niacinamide on mitochondrial function and its association with biological behavior of rabbit nucleus pulposus.
METHODS:Cultured nucleus pulposus cel s of rabbit lumbar intervertebral disc were randomly divided into six groups:normal blank control group, 10μmol/L sodium nitroprusside group, 100μmol/L sodium nitroprusside group, 200μmol/L sodium nitroprusside group, 0.05 g/L nicotinamide group (100μmol/L sodium nitroprusside+0.05g/L nicotinamide), and 0.5 g/L nicotinamide group (100μmol/L sodium nitroprusside and 0.5 g/L nicotinamide). Different doses of nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside and nicotinamide were added in the medium of each group. Three days after intervention, cel proliferation activity, intracel ular ATP concentration, cel nitric oxide synthase activity, cel ular reactive oxygen species level, and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) After 3 days of rabbit nucleus pulposus cel s intervened by different concentrations of sodium nitroprusside, intracel ular nitric oxide synthase content increased with sodium nitroprusside volume increase, and ATP concentration decreased along with sodium nitroprusside volume increase;there were significantly differences between the normal control group and sodium nitroprusside groups (P<0.01). (2) Reactive oxygen species could be increased in the sodium nitroprusside group. Niacinamide groups indicated a dose-dependent manner to improve the increase of cel ular reactive oxygen species levels with sodium nitroprusside intervention (P<0.01). (3) In the sodium nitroprusside groups, nucleus pulposus cel membrane potential decreased. In the niacinamide groups, sodium nitroprusside-induced decline in mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced (P<0.01). (4) Niacinamide groups also indicated a dose-dependent manner to improve the proliferative activity of nucleus pulposus cel s as compared with sodium nitroprusside groups (P<0.01). Significant differences were determined between the two groups (P<0.01). (5) Results suggest that the excess nitric oxide can damage mitochondrial metabolic function of rabbit nucleus pulposus cel s and cause cel energy metabolism. Niacinamide can reverse these damages by inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis, thereby contributing to the prevention against intervertebral disc degeneration.

Lung cancer is ranked the first among all malignant neoplastic diseases because of its high morbidity and mortality rate. Thus, lung cancer seriously threatens human health. More than 80%of lung cancer cases are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, the majority of NSCLC patients are already at the terminal stage of the disease when they seek medical attention. Such patients miss the optimal opportunity of surgery;thus, medical treatment becomes the main choice for them. Recently, molecular-target-ed therapy has made tremendous progress in clinical practice and provides a new potential treatment for patients at the terminal stage. In this review, the authors introduced some molecular-targeted therapeutic drugs to provide benefits for the individualized treatment of patients.

AIM: To study the inhibitiory effects of Fuerkang Injection (sweet worm wood oil, glycyrrhetate and Vitamin A acetate). and its ingredients on SMMC-7721 and NB4 cell lines, in order to understand its antitumour spectrum and reasonability of its composition. METHODS: SMMC-7721 and NB4 cell lines were treated with Fuerkang Injection and its ingredients under the same concentration for 48 h, adfiamycin was used as standard com-parison,inhibitiory effect on growth of two cell lines was detected by MTT method. RESULTS: At 1.260 μg/mL, the inhibition rate of Fuerkang Injection and its decomposed recipes preparations 1,2,3 to SMMC-7721 cell lines were 54.78%, 55.49%, 53.18%, 53.79%, hemi-inhibitory concentration IC_(50) were 0.415,0.376,0.715 and 0.636 μg/mL,respectively. The inhibition rate of NB4 cell lines were 88.6% ,82.5% ,77.9% and 76.9% ,hemi-inhibitory concentration IC_(50) were 0.091,0.108 1,0.084 and 0.120 μg/mL. CONCLUSION: Fuerkang Injection and its ingredients have significant inhibitory action on SMMC-7721 and NB4 cell lines,each component herb in the compound preparation has synergetic effects.