OBJECTIVE: To understand the research on the development and application of non-fusion inter-spinous stabilization devices.DATA SOURCES: Using the key terms of "inter-spinous and low back pain", relevant articles on non-fusion inter-spinous stabilization devices and low back pain in English were retrieved from Medline between January 1966 and October 2004 and the Ovid database between January 2003 and June 2007.STUDY SELECTION: Titles and most abstracts of all articles on the types of non-fusion inter-spinous stabilization devices and action mechanisms of non-fusion inter-spinous stabilization devices were selected. Duplicated researches and meta analytic papers were excluded.DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 351 articles met the inclusion criteria and 322 were excluded. Among them, 29 papers were analyzed. The major exclusion factor was duplicate studies.DATA SYNTHESIS: Non-fusion inter-spinous stabilization devices can improve mechanism of low back pain and cause certain effects on the biodynamic environment of degenerative lumbar vertebrae, such as relieving loading of the posterior border of the anulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc and opening the intervertebral foramen. At present,non-fusion inter-spinous stabilization devices, such as X-STOP, Wallis and DLAM, have been tested for a long time;therefore, the effects of their effectiveness, utility and risk of complications will be proved by clinical experiments as soon as possible.CONCLUSION: Non-fusion inter-spinous stabilization devices have good effects on the treatment of degenerative low back pain originating in the anulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc and can reduce complications caused by the fusion technique.

Objective To evaluate the relationship of gastric function of its proximal portion and electrogastrogram in healthy youths with obesity.Methods A total of 35 healthy young volunteers with normal weight participated in the study,including 16 females and 19 males.On the first day,the water load test was performed.On the second day,determination of function of proximal portion of stomach was done using electronic barostat and electrogastrogram.Results Water load test:females were found to consume significantly less water than males(P0.05)between male group and female group in the minimal distention pressure(MDP),initial intragastric pressure(IP)and the maximal tolerance pressure(MP).The initial gastric compliance(IC)in female group was less than that in male group(P0.05).The parameter of EGG:with the intragastric pressure increased,DF in Normal Range(N%)showed decreasing tendency,while bradygastria(B%),tachygastria(T%),instable coefficient of dominant frequency(DFIC)and dominant power(DP)increased.Conclusion The gastric capacity,the parameters of visceral sensitivity and IC are remarkably different between sexes.The gastric electrical activity varies in different states of proximal gastric function.The gastric contraction may be enhanced by an improvement of dominant power(DP).

The status of breastfeeding and in-hospital health education during pregnancy was surveyed in 32 maternity and children health care hospitals at provincial and municipal levels.A total of 1105 cases were assigned into hospital health education (A,n =872) and control (B,n =233) groups according to whether the women received the hospital health education of breastfeeding during pregnancy.Their differences in breastfeeding knowledge,attitudes and early feeding behavior were compared and analyzed by x2 test and binary logistic regression.Mothers in the group A were at higher levels of breastfeeding knowledge and had a higher proportion of breastfeeding at Day 1 (82.3％).The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in-hospital was significantly higher in group A than that in group B (51.1％ vs.32.3％).After adjusting for in-hospital health education,health education during pregnancy had significant effects on breastfeeding in the first days for group A:breastfeeding in the first 24 hour (OR =2.076,95％CI:1.474-2.924) and exclusive in-hospital breastfeeding (OR =2.105,95％ CI:1.529-2.898).

Objective:To investigate the effects of Bailing capsules on the expression of TGF-β1 in the peritoneal dialysis solution for peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods: Totally 40 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis ( PD) were randomly divided into two groups (20 cases in the control group and 20 cases in the experimental group). All the patients were treated with PD by 1. 5% perito-neal dialysis effluent (6 000 ml everyday), and the patients in the experimental group were additionally treated with Bailing capsules (5 capsules each time, three times a day after meals) for 6 months. The adequacy of PD (including Kt/V and Ccr) of the two groups was examined after the one-month treatment. The renal function and the level of TGF-β1 in the effluent in 1, 3 and 6 month were com-pared between the two groups. Results:The adequacy of PD ( Kt/V and Ccr ) had no significant difference between the two groups (P<0. 05). The level of serum creatine was decreased significantly in both groups after the one-month treatment (P<0. 05), and no significant change was shown in 3 and 6 month (P>0. 05). In the control group, the expression of TGF-β1 in the effluent in 1, 3 and 6 month was increased gradually with significant difference (P<0. 05). In the experimental group, the expression of TGF-β1 in the effluent had no significant difference in 1, 3 and 6 month (P>0. 05), which was lower than that in the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Bailing capsules can decrease the expression of TGF -β1 in the effluent for the patients treated with PD and inhibit the peritoneal fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug-resistance of AmpC enzyme derepressing Enterobacter cloacae isolated from patients of respiratory department.METHODS Totally 364 strains of E.cloacae(162 strains from respiration department) collected from Jan 2001 to Dec 2006 were investigated to know their ward distribution,infection site and susceptibility test results.Three-dimensional tests were adopted to test AmpC lactamase.RESULTS Among the total 162 strains from respiration department,AmpC producers were 76 strains,accounting for 46.91%. Among the 202 strains from the other departments,however,AmpC producers were 36 strains,accounting for 17.82%.And drug-resistance of E.cloacae from respiration department was distinctly higher than that from the other departments.CONCLUSIONS E.cloacae from respiratory department has the higher isolating rate and drug-resistance rate.We should take effective measurement to contain nosocomial infections with E.cloacae.

To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Aconitum taipaicum, silica gel column chromatography was used for the isolation and purification of compounds. A new norditerpenoid alkaloid, isodelelatine (1), along with five known alkaloids, atisine (2), delfissinol (3), liangshanine(4), hypaconitine (5) and delelatine (6) were isolated and identified. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectral data.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies has explored the effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) on cultured rabbit Schwann cells as well as preparation of acellular nerve allografts, in addition, the neural complex was prepared in vitro.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of acellular nerve allografts on the functional recovery and reconstruction of the nerve-muscle structure of the sciatic nerve defect in rabbits.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at the Center Laboratory of Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from March 2006 to June 2007.MATERIALS: Totally 37 healthy, adult, New Zealand, white rabbits were selected. One rabbit was prepared for extracted nerve bridge, and the others were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups, with 18 animals in each group.METHODS: The double sides of sciatic nerve were removed, divested surrounding tissues, and cut into 3 cm segments, then placed in TdtonX-100 solution for 12 hours, washing with distilled water. The procedure was repeated, and TritonX-100 totally used for 96 hours. Then the extracted nerve bridge was conserved in Hank's solution at temperature of 4 ℃. The concentration of 2~(nd) passage Schwann cell was regulated to 1 ×10~(11)/L, and injected to extracted nerve bridge, followed by DMEM culture, to obtain neural complex. Rabbits in the experimental group were prepared a 20 m defects above knee joints, and the recellularized neural complex were transplanted into the defective sciatic nerve. Rabbits in the control group were prepared by transplanting extracted nerve bridge without Schwann cells.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The elcosis and healing of feet were observed at weeks 4, 8, and 16 after operation, meantime,the recovery of axon of distal end peroneal nerves, myelin sheath, tibialis anterior, as well as motor end plate were detected by electromyogram, light microscope and transmission electron microscope.RESULTS: At weeks 4, 8 and 16 after operation, the rejection was not found in the operating field. The experimental group was better than the control group in healing of ulcers, the number of nerve fibres, the ultramicrostructure of medullary sheaths, the regeneration nerve, the structure of the motor end plate and muscle. At 4 weeks after operation, no nerve conduction was found in 2 groups, but at weeks 8 and 16 after operation, the experimental group was better than the control group in wet weight of tibialis anterior muscle and nerve conduction velocity (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The recellularized neural complex can significantly promote the reconstruction of the nerve-muscle structure and functional recovery of injured sciatic nerve.

Objective To study anaphylactoid reactions induced by traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMI) of Qingkailing (QKL) and Xuesaitong (XST) with RBL-2H3 cells;To provide some reference for improving the screening system of TCMI induced anaphylactoid reactions.Methods The IC50 induced by QKL and XST injections was determined by MTT assay. RBL-2H3 cells were stimulated with TCMI at different concentrations or with C48/80 or culture medium. Thirty minutes later, the supernatant was collected to determine the release of histamine andβ-hexosaminidase. The cell degranulation rate and the ultrastructure changes were observed. The ICR mice were given single injection of TCMI containing Evans Blue through tail vein. The number of the animal with blue ear, the total number of blue ears and the quantity of Evans Blue of extravasation were determined 30 minutes later.Results The IC50 of both QKL injection and XST injection was 12.5μL/mL. These two injections promoted RBL-2H3 cells to release histamine andβ-hexosaminidase at higher concentrations (P<0.05,P<0.01) in a dose dependent manner. Cell morphology showed a decrease of villous on the cell surface and an increase of the internal vacuolated structure. Both injections caused the blue ears of all animal with a rate of 100%. The quantity of Evans Blue of the extravasation was significantly increased (P<0.01). The results in vitro study were in close agreement with that in vivo.Conclusion Both QKL injection and XST injection may potentially cause anaphylactoid reactions. The RBL-2H3 cell model may be valuable to evaluate the anaphylactoid reactions induced by TCMI.

Objective To evaluate proximal gastric function in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) met Rome Ⅲ criteria and its subtypes.Methods Thirty FD patients were enrolled,including 15 patients with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and 15 patients with epigastric pain syndrome (EPS).A total of 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as control.All the subjects received barostat examination.Minimal distending pressure (MDP),pressure and volume of thresholds for first sensation and maximal tolerance for gastric sensitivity were recorded.When the pressure level was MDP+2 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),average volume at 30 minutes before meal,averaged volume at 60 minutes after meal and maximum accommodation volume after meal were recorded,and receptive diastolic volume was calculated.The gastric hypersensitivity and impaired accommodation were observed.Student's t test or x2 test was performed for statistical analysis.Results MDP,pressure of first-sensation,maximum sensation pressure,volume of first sensation and maximal sensation volume of FD group were (6.17 ±1.95) mmHg,(8.44±2.01) mmHg,(14.62±3.72) mmHg,(123.59±53.26) mL and (451.26±140.44) mL,respectively; which were lower than those of healthy control group ((9.27±1.99) mmHg,(12.04±2.66) mmHg,(19.74±4.18) mmHg,(168.41±73.06) mL and (556.89±124.07) mL),and the differences were statistically significant (t=-6.080,-5.900,-5.011,-2.723 and-2.995,all P＜0.01).The averaged volume at 30 minutes before meal and 60 minutes after meal was (212.19±120.82) mL and (333.97±121.86) mL while those of healthy control group was (191.69±66.19) mL and (385.58±83.05) mL,and there were no significant differences between the two groups (both P＞0.05).The maximum postprandial accommodation volume and receptive diastolic volume of FD group were (405.10±111.29) mL and (190.16±97.22) mL,which were lower than those of healthy control group ((461.10±87.60) mL and (262.83±78.39) mL),and the differences were statistically significant (t=-2.599 and-3.187,both P＜0.05).The maximum postprandial accommodation volume of FD patients was at 15 to 20 minutes after meal and in healthy control it was at five to ten minutes after meal.Among the 30 FD patients,12 patients (40 ％) had gastric hypersensitivity,including eight PDS patients and four EPS patients,and there was no significant difference in the ratio between two groups (P＞0.05) ;nine patients (30 ％) had impaired accommodation,including five PDS patients and four EPS patients,and there was no significant difference in the ratio between two groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Gastric hypersensitivity and impaired accommodation often appear in FD patients,and there is no significant difference between PDS and EPS subtypes.FD patients with different pathophysiologic mechanisms cannot be efficiently distinguished according to Rome Ⅲ criteria.

Objective: To analyze the effects of technetium99 conjugated with methylene diphosphonate(99Tc-MDP) on adjuvant arthritis in rats.Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly and equally divided into a normal control group an adjuvant arthritis control group and a 99Tc-MDP treatment group.Intraperitoneal injection of 99Tc-MDP(2.5?10-3?g/kg) was given to the rats in the treatment group on the tenth day and repeated every other day after arthritis induction.The left-right diameter of the left hind ankle,arthritic index,serum TNF and IL-1? levels,articular radionuclide imaging and histopathological changes were observed.Results: Compared with the adjuvant arthritis group,the diameter of the left hind ankle,arthritic index,the serum TNF and IL-1? levels and the T/NT value were decreased in the treatment group,and histopathology showed less synovium hyperplasia and fewer infiltration of inflammatory cells in the group treated with 99Tc-MDP intraperitoneal injection than in the adjuvant arthritis control group.Conclusion: 99Tc-MDP intraperitoneal injection is effective for adjuvant arthritis in rats.