Objective:To investigate the centralized management mode of cleaning disinfection and for ventilator, monitor, injection pump and infusion pump in our hospital so as to achieve scientific management and further development for hospital.Methods: The qualified rates of ventilator, monitor, injection pump and infusion pump, and satisfied degree of various department for them were analyzed after the centralized management was implemented.Results:After the centralized management was implemented, the cleaning qualified rates of ventilator, monitor, injection pump and infusion pump were, 99.25%, 99.78%, 99.47% and 98.94%, respectively. And the satisfaction scores of various departments for the application of equipment, equipment allocation and equipment recovery were significantly higher than those in 2013 (t=4.18,t=4.62,t=3.86,P<0.01).Conclusion: After the centralized management for routine emergency equipment is carried out by the cleaning disinfection center, the cleaning qualified rates of equipment and satisfaction of various departments has been significantly increased. Therefore, it is worthy to be applied and promoted.

After the present situation and characteristics of literature novelty assessment of traditional Chinese medicine were described, the importance of characteristic traditional Chinese medicine literacy of literature novelty assessors of traditional Chinese medicine was elaborated, the effect of literature novelty assessors on the literature novelty assessment of traditional Chinese medicine and the training of literature novelty assessors were studied in order to provide reference for other colleges and universities or scientific research institutions.

Objective To study the intervention effectiveness of intensive training in medical interns’occupational exposure protection.Methods Medical interns in seven colleges and universities in Wuhan between 2011 and 2015 were chosen and divided into control group (675 medical interns in 2011 - 2013,comprehensive training about healthcare-associated infection control was conducted for once before internship )and intervention group (682 medical interns in 2014 - 2015,hospital-department-tutor three steps of intensive training was conducted),the occurrence of occupational exposure and exposure knowledge awareness between two groups were compared. Results The awareness rate of knowledge about occupational exposure protection and the implementation rate of protective measures in intervention group were both higher than control group (all P <0.05).Incidence of occupa-tional exposure in intervention group was lower than control group (21 .70%[n=148]vs 65.33%[n=441 ],χ2 =262.91 ,P <0.01);percentage of interns who conducted active serological virus detection and intensified vaccination of hepatitis B virus were both higher than control group (14.66%[n=100]vs 2.96%[n=20];11 .73%[n=80]vs 2.67%[n=18],respectively).Occupational exposure before and after intervention occurred most frequently when interns were preparing medicine,occupational exposure reporting rate in intervention group was higher than control group (72.97%[108/148]vs 50.11 % [221/441 ],χ2 =52.78,P <0.01 ).Conclusion The intensive training of occupational exposure protection among medical interns can improve the awareness and skills of occupational protec-tion,and reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic morbidity can predict its progress tendency. National diabetic morbidity has been increased compared with previous level at present.OBJECTIVE: To compare the diabetic morbidity between populations with impaired glucose tolerance or normal blood glucose tolerance to analyze its correlative influencing factors.DESIGN: A cluster sampling survey in two communities of Liuzhou City Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region based on adults.SETTING: Department of endocrinology in a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Diabetic morbidity was investigated in 4 relative big unit communities of Liuzhou City between July and August 1994. The resident population of the communities was 11 886, which were all adults between 20 and 75 years old and lived in Liuzhou City for more than 5 years. Populations with either impaired glucose tolerance or normal blood glucose tolerance in 2 of the 4 unit communities were followed up in October 1999. Totally 9 230 individuals should be checked and 6 020 subjects were actually checked with the response rate of 65.22% (quite a few cases lost followed up due to unemployment and retirement, etc. ) . Inclusion criteria: Finally 5 539 subjects with complete data of two surveys entered into statistics. There were 5 237 normal individuals and 266 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. And there were 3 177 males including 110 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance with an average age of(40 ± 12) years old, and 2 362 females including 156 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance with an average age of(41 ± 10) years old. Exclusion criterion: secondary diabetes.METHODS: Totally 5 539 subjects(including individuals with normal blood glucose or impaired glucose tolerance) who confirmed without diabetes in 1994 survey for diabetic morbidity in 2 unit communities of Liuzhou City Gugangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region received recheck in 1999 including blood glucose, body mass index(BMI), blood pressure and blood fat to analyze the impacts of each factor on diabetic morbidity.bidity among correlative risk factors.RESULTS: Totally 5 539 individuals were included into statistics. A totally of 46 of 5 237 normal individuals developed diabetes with the annual percent of conversion of 0.19%, while 50 of 226 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance developed diabetes with the annual percent of conversion of 3.84%, which had 20.9 times of correlative risk significantly higher than normal individuals(x2 = 1 063.1, P < 0. 000 1).CONCLUSION: The risk of diabetes is higher in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance than normal individuals. Age, BMI, hypertension, fasting blood glucose, blood glucose, and 1 hour blood glucose in Glucose tolerance test are risk factors of diabetic morbidity.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection in immune tolerant phase.Methods Ninety-eight chronic HBV carriers in immune tolerant phase were enrolled in this study.The age,gender,serum HBV DNA level,hepatic inflammatory activity and fibrosis,hepatic HBsAg and HBcAg expressions were analyzed.The grade of inflammatory activity and stage of fibrosis were also compared in patients with different levels of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT).Data analysis was done by chi-square test. Results In 98 patients,83(84.7%)were＜30 years old and 15(15.3%)were≥30.Patients whose mother was HBsAg positive were 48.0%.High levels of serum HBV DNA were found in all patients, with 78.5% were＞1×107 copy/mL.Only 5 cases(5.1%)were G0 of the inflammatory grade;whereas,64 cases(65.3%)were G1,29(29.6%)were G2.There were 56 patients(57.1%)had no significant liver fibrosis;and 23 cases(23.5%)were S1,14(14.3%)were S2,5(5.1%)were S3;none of patients had cirrhosis.The HBsAg and HBcAg in liver tissues were positive in 79(80.6%)and 80(81.6%)cases,respectively.The fibrosis stages of patients with higher ALT levels were significantly greater than patients with lower ALT levels(X2=8.112 3,P=0.043 7).Conclusions Most of patients with chronic HBV infection in immune tolerant phase present mild inflammation in liver,some of them have already developed fibrosis.Therefore,liver pathology is recommended for these patients to help understand the patients' conditions and make correct therapeutic decisions.

Objective To investigate the stress reaction of the medical staff who suffered workplace violence,and provide reference for nursing interventions.Methods 13 medical staff who suffered work-place violence were interviewed through semi-constitutional formula,the data were analyzed by phenomenological method of qualitative research.Results The psychological stress of medical staff mainly included 3 themes:complex emotions,eager to help; psychological adjustment required internal and external integration; different stress reaction affected the psychological state.Conclusions The medical staff suffer seriously from the workplace violence both on the physical and mental health,individuals should learn how to deal with it correctly,and the relevant departments should pay full attention to the humane care to victims of violence,guide them to view the stress correctly,and to take effective measures to prevent and control workplace violence.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether morphine preconditioning has the delayed protective effect on rabbit myocardium. METHODS: Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into a NS group, a Mor-12 group and a Mor-24 group (n=10). In the Mor-12 group and Mor-24 group, morphine (3 mg/kg) was infused into rabbits, while the same volume of normal saline (NS) was given to rabbits in the NS group. Twelve hours after morphine infusion in the Mor-12 group, 24 h after NS or morphine infusion in the NS group and Mor-24 group, rabbits were subjected to 30 min left anterior descending coronary artery occlusions and were reperfused for 120 min. In 8 of the 10 rabbits in each group, arterial blood samples were taken before the ischemia (T1), 30 min after the ischemia (T2) and 120 min after the reperfusion (T3) to determine the concentration of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and the myocardial infarct area was determined at the end of reperfusion. In the other 2 of the 10 rabbits in each group,the cell ultramicro-structure injury of myocardium was examined by electron microscope at the end of reperfusion. RESULTS: The concentration of cTnI at T2 and T3 in the Mor-24 group was lower than that in the NS group and Mor-12 group.The myocardial infarct size, and cell ultramicrostructure injury of myocardium in the Mor-24 group were decreased compared with the NS group and Mor-12 group. CONCLUSION Morphine preconditioning has delayed protective effect on rabbit myocardium.
Animals ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; methods ; Morphine ; pharmacology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Time Factors ; Troponin I ; blood

Objective To establish a mouse model of 5-fluorouracil ( 5-FU )-induced intestinal mucositis. Methods Different doses of 5-FU were intraperitonealy injected into mice for once or 5 consecutive days. The body weight and diarrhea score of the mice were recorded every day, and peripheral blood and the morphological changes of small intestine were examined at 24 h or 72 h after the last 5-FU administration. Results Compared with the control group, after administered 5-FU, the dosage groups showed various degrees of body weight loss and diarrhea, and the white blood cell and platelet counts in peripheral blood decreased significantly (P＜0. 05 or P＜0. 01). The small intestine showed evident pathological changes after the single dose 400 mg/kg and the continuous injection of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg. The mortality rate was 100% in the 100 mg/kg group. Conclusions A mouse model of intestinal mucositis can be successfully established by a single injection of 5-FU or for consecutive 5 days, in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal dose for single injection is 400 mg/kg, and that of the continual injection for 5 consecutive days is 50 mg/kg.

Objective:To explore the effect of Chin-down-plus-larynx-tightening maneuver on improving choking cough and swallowing function in patients after esophageal cancer surgery.Methods:A total of 121 patients with esophageal cancer surgery had been randomly divided into control group and observation group from November 2018 to September 2019. Starting from feeding after surgery, the head and neck were in normal habits when swallowing in the control group, and the observation group used Chin-down-plus-larynx-tightening maneuver to perform swallowing training. The feeding process of two groups was observed and recorded for one week. One week after eating, the water swallowing test and M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory for Gastrointestinal cancer (MDASI-GI) were used to evaluate the difference of swallowing function and gastrointestinal symptoms between the two groups.Results:During one week period of feeding, the incidence of choking cough in observation group was 3.39%, (2/59), which was significantly lower than that in the control group (14.52%, 9/62)( χ2 value was 4.53, P=0.033). After one week of feeding, the swallowing function showed significant difference ( Z value was 6.07, P=0.014), the gastrointestinal symptoms and the degree of life interference caused by gastrointestinal symptoms of observation group scored 2.57 ± 0.81, 1.76 ± 0.84, lower than those of the control group (4.25 ± 1.54, 2.18 ± 1.24), and the difference was statistically significant( t values were -7.56, -2.17, P<0.05). Conclusions:The Chin-down-plus-larynx-tightening maneuver can promote recovery of postoperative swallowing function in patients with esophageal cancer, reduce the incidence of choking cough, and help reduce the symptoms of digestive tract, and then raise the level of patient′s clinical prognosis.

In the HPLC analysis of bendamustine hydrochloride, two related substances(IMP01 and IMP02)were detected. These two related substances were identified by LC-MS/MS and their structural confirmation was unambiguously carried out by synthesis followed by characterization using Q-TOF/MS and NMR. Based on the spectral data, related substances IMP01 and IMP02 were characterized as 4-(1-methyl-5-morpholino-1H-benzo［d］imidazol-2-yl)butyric acid hydrochloride and 4-{1-methyl-5-［(2-chloroethyl)(2-hydroxyethyl)amino］-1H-benzo［d］imidazol-2-yl)} butyric acid hydrochloride, respectively. Bendamustine hydrochloride and its related substances were separated under the established LC-MS condition. HPLC is a useful method for the determination of the related substances in bendamustine hydrochloride. Results obtained are valuable for its manufacturing process and quality control.