Zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, vitamin A, E and folic acid status of 36 pregnant and 40 nonpregnant women was studied. The results showed that dietary nutrient intakes of the pregnant women were more than that of the nonpregnant controls, but both of which were less than the corresponding values of the RDA. Serum zinc, folic acid and hair manganese concentrations were lower, while serum copper, cadmium, vitamin A and E were higher in pregnant women than that in nonpregnant women. The simultaneous occurrence of serum zinc decrease and cadmium increase during pregnancy may be a potential risk for the growth and development of foetus. So the interfering role of cadmium should not be neglected whenever we estimate zinc or copper status.

A longitudinal study was carried out on zinc, copper, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium status of 104 normal primigravidas. The five elements in serum and hair of the mothers and their newborns were estimated with inductive coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. The results showed that the concentration of serum zinc, calcium, magnesium decreased gradually while copper and phosphorus increased remarkably in the course of pregnancy. The serum copper and phosphorus of cord blood were lower, zinc and calcium were higher than that of mothers' blood. The contents of hair zinc, copper, and phosphorus showed no differences but calcium and magnesium decreased gradually during pregnancy. Except that the level of copper in the newborns' hair was much lower, other elements were much higher than that in the mothers' hair.

Objective To improve the efficacy of the Nd : YAG laser-induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis in the rabbits'eyes. Methods Immediately after branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) model was made by argon laser in 40 eyes of 20 normal rabbits, the rabbits were divided into two groups. In the first group (experimental group), there were 10 rabbits treated with the argon laser followed by the Nd : YAG laser induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis. In the second group (control group), the rabbits were treated only with the argon laser induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis. Results An anastomosis in experimental group was formed in 6 rabbits within 4 - 6 weeks after treatment while no anastomosis was formed in control group. During 2 - 6 months the hemorrhage of retina or vitrous with laser photocoagulation were absorbed within 8 weeks and no other severe complications were found. Conclusion Applying Nd : YAG laser can improve the efficacy of chorioretinal venous anastomosis in the rabbils eyes.

BACKGROUND:Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffold is widely used in tissue engineering, but its poor cel adhesion ability and strong hydrophobicity limit its further development and application. OBJECTIVE: To study the biocompatibility of electrospun poly (lactide-co-glycolide)/polyethylene glycol (PLGA-PEG) nanofibrous scaffolds with mouse neural stem celsin vitro. METHODS:Neural stem cels were isolated from embryos of CD-1 mice at 15 embryonic days. Electrospinning was used to prepare PLGA and PLGA-PEG nanofibrous scaffolds. Scanning electron microscope was used for scanning observation of scaffolds. The 5th passage neural stem cels were seeded onto PLGA and PLGA-PEG scaffolds respectively, and culturedin vitro. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Interconnected porous network structure was observed in both two kinds of scaffolds under the scanning electron microscope. Fiber diameters and porosities of PLGA and PLGA-PEG scaffolds showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). Cel Counting Kit-8 detection showed neural stem cels grew wel on both two kinds of scaffolds and the absorbance value of two groups increased continuously with incubation time (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 days). And there were statisticaly significant differences in the absorbance values between two groups at each time point (P < 0.05). Moreover, the cel adhesion rate was significantly higher in the PLGA-PEG group than in the PLGA group at 3, 6, 9 hours of culture (P < 0.05). Hoechst 33342 staining showed normal morphology and quality of the nuclei, and significantly more cels were observed in the PLGA-PEG group than the PLGA group (P < 0.05). Under the scanning electron microscope, compared with the PLGA scaffold, the PLGA-PEG scaffold was better for growth and matrix secretion of neural stem cels. In conclusion, PLGA-PEG nanofibrous scaffolds prepared by electrospinning are safe, non-toxic and suitable for neural stem cels growth with wel biocompatibility, appropriate aperture and porosity.

The nutritional status, serum protein, albumin, calcium, zinc, iron, SF, FEP, vitamin A, activity of RBC transketolase, and blood glutathione redu-ctase of 349 normal primigravidas, 30 healthy non-pregnant women and 42 toxemic gravidas were estimated longitudinally from the 1st trimester to delivery. It was noted that serum protein, albumin, Ca, Zn, and Fe decreased markedly in the course of pregnancy. The content of serum vitamin A showed no variation or decrease in the 3rd trimester in 1/3 of the pregnant women observed. Insufficiency of thiamine and riboflavin were noted in 16.7% and 47% of the normal pregnant women respectively. The adequate nutrients intakes in pregnancy were considered to be: Energy, +200 kcal/d; Protein, + 15g/d in the 2nd trimester and +25g/d in the 3rd trimester; Calcium 1000 mg/d in the 2nd trimester and 1500mg/d in the 3rd trimester; Zinc, 20mg/d; Iron 26 or 30 mg/d by supplementation if possible; vitaminA 1000 ?gRE/d; both thiamine and riboflavin 1.8 mg/d.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of intra-peritoneal fluid resuscitation on small intestinal mucosa in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Method Fifty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly (random number) divided into five groups, namely sham operation group (group I ), hemorrhagic shock group (group Ⅱ ), intra-venous fluid resuscitation group (group Ⅲ ) . intravenous fluid resuscitation plus intra-peritoneal saline resuscitation (group Ⅳ ) and intravenous fluid resuscitation plus intra-peritoneal PD-2 solution resuscitation group (group Ⅴ ). The rats of 5 groups were processed with cannulations of right common carotid artery, right femoral vein and left femoral artery with systemic heparinization. The rat models of hemorrhagic shock were established with modified Wigger' s method by which the blood exsanguinated from left femoral artery. The rats of group Ⅲ were resuscitated with shed blood plus twice equal volume of Ringer's solution after modeling of hemorrhagic shock.The rats of group Ⅳ and group Ⅴ were administered intra-peritoneally with 30 mL saline and 30 mL of 2.5% PD-2 solution, respectively as adjuncts to those used in the group Ⅲ . The specimens of blood and small intestine of rats of all groups were collected 60-120 minutes after modeling and resuscitation. The activity of plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) was determined with chromatometry, the level of plasma D-lactic acid (D-LA) with spectorophotometry and the level of plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with nephelometry. The histopathological and ultrastructure changes of small intestine tissue of rats were observed under light microscope and electronic microscope. Results There were remarkable differences in activity of DAO, and the levels of D-LA and IPS in rats between those ingroup Ⅱ and group I (P <0.01), and between those in group V and groups Ⅱ , Ⅲ or Ⅳ (P <0.05 or P < 0.01) The pathomorphology and ultra-structure of small intestine tissues were severely damaged in group Ⅱ compared with those in group Ⅰ , and those markedly lessened in group V compared with groups Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ . Conclusions Intraperitoneal fluid resuscitation with PD-2 solution can significantly protect the integrity of intestinal mucosa and the normal permeability of intestinal wall, and blunts the histopathological changes, and restrains bacterial translocation from gut and reduces the level of plasma endotoxin.

Objective To investigate effect of Dahuang Fuzi decoction on alveolaur epithelial barrier in rats with lung injury with severe acute pancreatitis. Method Ninty-six health SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group, SAP-ALI group, Dahuang Fuzi decoction group, and then according to the time point of sacrifice after operation, each group was subdivided into 3,6,12,24 hour subsets ( each, n = 8). After the belly of a rat in the sham operation group was cut open, the pancreas was flipped several times,and then a stoma was made in the jejunum to form its fistula. In the SAP-ALl group,1 mL/kg sodium taurocholate was reversely injected into the pancreatobile duct to establish the model of SAP, and then the jejimum fistula was performed. The SAP-ALI model in Dahuang Fuzi decoction group was treated by injection of 10ml of Dahuang Fuzi decoctionon into the fistula respectively. Blood was collected from heart to detect serum amvlase and endotoxin (ET) levels before the rat being executed. The lung histopathologic changes, pulmonary injury scores and wet/dry weight(W/D) ratios were observed after the rats were executed. The alveolar liquid clearance rate(ALCR), total lung water content (TLW), extravascular lung water content(EVLW) and alveolar epithelial permeability (AEP) were examined in 3,6, 12,24 h after injury.Results There was continuous increase of AEP,TLW and EVLW,as well as progressive reduction of ALCR compared with sham operation group at 3,6,12,24 h after operation. Compared with SAP-ALI group, there was continuous decrease of AEP,TLW and EVLW, and elevated of ALCR at 3,6,12,24 h after operation.Conclusions Dahuang Fuzi decoction can significantly reduce alveolaur epithelial barrier and degree of lung tissue of SAP-ALI rats by inhibiting the elevation of LPS and inflammation reaction.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of transitional care by a nurse-led multidisciplinary team (MDT) on clinical outcomes and quality of life of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. METHODS: A randomized control study design was used. Subjects were allocated randomly to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received intensive transitional care by a nurse-led MDT, whereas the control group received routine nursing care. Disease activity, spinal mobility, comprehensive function, health service utilization, and quality of life were assessed at the baseline and at six months with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), a health service utilization questionnaire and version 2 of the Short Form-36 health survey. RESULTS: Compared with the baseline, the BASDAI, BASFI, emergency visits, hospitalizations, hospitalization days, and bodily pain, vitality, mental health, total score, and average score of version 2 of the Short Form-36 health survey were improved in the experimental group (p < .05), whereas only bodily pain, vitality, and role-emotional were improved in the control group p < .05). At six months, the experimental group exhibited significantly more improvement on the BASDAI, BASFI, hospitalizations, all domains except Role-physical as well as total score and average score p < .05) compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: A MDT-based nurse-led transitional care improves clinical outcomes and quality of life of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Future research should be carried out on modes of follow-up and family support.
Baths ; Emergencies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Services ; Health Surveys ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Nursing Care ; Patient Care Team ; Quality of Life ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Transitional Care

Objective The aim of this paper is to describe the designing and implementation of a web-based plasma glucose measurement quality monitoring system to assess the analytical quality of plasma glucose measurements in multicenter population study and provide evidence for the future studies.Methods In the chronic non-communicable disease and related factor surveillance in China,a web based quality monitoring system for plasma glucose measurement was established to conduct evaluation on plasma glucose monitoring quality and effectiveness in 302 surveillance centers,including quality control data entry,transmission and feedback.Results The majority of the surveillance centers met the quality requirements and passed the evaluation of reproducibility and precision of plasma glucose measurement,only a few centers required intensive training and re-assessment.Conclusion In order to ensure the completeness and reliability of plasma glucose measurement in the surveillance centers,the establishment of web-based plasma glucose measurement quality control system can facilitate the identification of the qualified surveillance centers and evaluation of plasma glucose measurement quality in different regions.Communication and training are important in ensuring plasma glucose measurement quality.It is necessary to further improve this web-based plasma glucose measurement quality monitoring system in the future to reduce the method specific plasma glucose measurement bias.

Objective To investigate the frequency and location of cerebral microbleeds in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarct and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) to understand the imaging and clinical features of the disease.Methods Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and susceptibility-weighted imaging were assessed in seven symptomatic CADASIL patients in People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2014 to 2017.Imaging features and clinical significance of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results The seven patients were diagnosed by Notch3 gene detection.Mutations were found in exon 11 in four cases,and in exon 4 in three cases.All the seven patients with CADASIL had cerebral microbleeds,the number of which was 108 (4-36).The number of cerebral microbleeds was found to be higher in cortico-subcortical region than in any other regions.One of CADASIL patients with cerebral microbleeds had intracerebral hemorrhage located in external capsule.The patient with intracerebral hemorrhage had hypertension and multiple cerebral microbleeds.Conclusions Cerebral microbleeds are common imaging characteristics in symptomatic CADASIL,most of which locate in cortico-subcortical region.Cerebral hemorrhage is one of the clinical manifestations of CADASIL patients.