Objective To elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its analogues in psoriasis. Methods The modulating role of calcitriol, calcipotriol and tacalcitol on the expression and secretion of IL-10 in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) was investigated. Human monocytes were differentiated into MDDCs in vitro in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA were used to analyze the mRNA expression and protein production of IL-10 in MDDCs. In each experi-ment, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (a vitamin D3 metabolite with a low affinity to the vitamin D receptor) was used as a control. Results The mRNA expression and protein secretion of IL-10 in MDDCs was up-regulated by calcitriol, calcipotriol or tacalcitol with a similar potency, but not by 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The up-regulatory role of calcitriol on IL-10 protein secretion was dose dependent. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of calcitriol and its analogues in the treatment of psoriasis may be related to the induction of IL-10 production.

Objective To investigate the differentiation of dendritic cells from monocytes of the peripheral blood in patients with psoriasis. Methods Flow cytometry was used to analyze the phenotype of monocyte derived dendritic cells (MoDC). The capacity of MoDC to stimulate the proliferation of T lymphocytes was evaluated by allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. Results Monocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis could differentiate into dendritic cells. Expression of CD40, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR by MoDC was significantly increased in patients with psoriasis compared with that in normal controls (P

The case design,standardized patients(SPs)training and training communication skills for medical students with SPs were illustrated in this paper.And our experiences of SPs using Were summarized.

bnormality in these parameters was improved.

Objective To understand the molecular mechanism underlying the epidermal growth factor receptors(EGFR)signal transduction and its feed-back regulation.Methods Two human keratinocyte cell lines,HaCaT and CHOwt,were cultured and treated with a certain concentration of different ligands,including epidermal growth factor(EGF),heparin-bounding(HB)-EGF,transforming growth factor α (TGFα)and heregulin(HER),for various durations(2,4,8,16,20 hours).After the treatment,cells were collected and protein was extracted.The amount of total and active EGFR was measured by immunoprecipitation and immunoblot assay.The internalization and down-regulation of EGFR were visualized with immunofluorescence and laser seanning confocal microscopy.Results As shown by immunoblot technique,EGF and HB-EGF continuously down-regulated the total amount of EGFRs,whereas TGFα and HER had no significant effect on the degradation of EGFRs.The activation of EGFRs was also attenuated to different extent after long-time treatment with EGF,HB-EGF and TGFα.As indirect immunofluorescenee revealed,in untreated HaCaT and CHOwt cells,EGFRs were essentially located at the plasma membrane,with a little cytosolic distribution;after ten-minute treatment with EGF,EGFRs clustered into patch-like structures which were particularly obvious in HaCaT cells,and translocated into cytoplasmic vesicles resembling endosomes (relatively apparent in CHOwt cells),while the total amount of EGFRs remained constant in these cells.The fluorescence signal from the total EGFRs decreased evidently after four-hour treatment with EGF,indicating a strong reduction in the receptors.Conclusions EGF and HB-EGF,but not TGFα or Heregulin,could down-regulate the amount of total and active EGFRs.There might be different mechanisms for the signal transduction related to EGFRs intemalization and down-regulation between HaCaT and CHOwt cells.

Objective To explore the role of neurotic in parental rearing patterns and interpersonal sensitive.Methods Using stratified sampling method to test 702 middle school students,symptom checklist 90 (SCL90),Egma minnen av bardndosnaupp forstran(EMBU) and Eycenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ) were used to investigate and take one and a half years of follow-up observation on the sample of 245 students from first grade of junior and senior middle school.Correlated variables were made the correlation analysis,regression analysis,constructing the structure equation model and using tracking data to confirm.Results (1) Neuroticism,father's affective warmth and understanding,father's excessive protection,mother's rejection and deny had a direct effect,and the variation of total symptoms could be explained 40.8％ ; father's affective warmth and understanding,father's excessive protection,mother's over-interference and over-protection,mother's rejection and deny had a indirect effect on interpersonal sensitive,and explained 24.0％.(2) Effect analysis showed father's affective warmth and understanding,father's excessive protection,mother's rejection and deny impact on interpersonal sensitive by neuroticism,and father's excessive protection was the largest which accounted for 48.0％ of the total effect.The second was father's affective warmth and understanding,accounting for 47.3 ％.The last was mother's rejection and deny accounted for 42.7％,and its indirect effect increased with the age(69.1％).All of mother's over-interference and overprotection through the neurotic influence interpersonal sensitive,and the direct effect was 50.3％ between neurotic and interpersonal sensitivity.Conclusion Indirect effect of neurotic existed in relationships of parents rearing patterns and interpersonal sensitivity.

0.05).Expression of CD25and CD69on CD8 + T cells was significantly higher in patients(16.30%?5.97%and32.61%?6.36%)than that in control group(9.21%?2.14%and10.03%?2.35%)(P

Objective: To exmine the status and perspectives of e-health among patients in Shanghai community health center. Methods: In November 2014, a semi-open and in-depth qualitative interview was conducted among 40 patients from two community health service centers in Shanghai. According to the results of the interview, a self-made questionnaire was designed and a cross-sectional survey was carried out from March 2015 to May 2015. Eight districts or counties of Shanghai were randomly selected, and one community health service center was randomly selected from each district or county. Total 480 patients who visited the selected center participated in the survey. The main contents of the interviews and questionnaires included: the current status of communication using information and communication technologies (ICT) in patient daily life; the status of the communication with medical personnel by using ICT; the attitudes and perspectives of patients in applying ICT for medical service; and views on e-health development. Results: Among the participants, 25.0%(10/40) of the interviewees and 16.7%(62/371)of the quesitionnaire surveyees had experience of using e-health. Among the questionaired patients, telephone-call was the most common method for communication with doctors (90.3%, 335/371), followed by short message (16.1%, 60/371) and wechat (12.9%, 48/371). Illness consulting is the most common perpurse for communication(64.5%, 40/62), followed by medicine advice(40.3%, 25/62) and sudden physical help(24.2%, 15/62). Among the participants, 56.3%(209/371)of whom thought that e-health should be promoted in the community, 69.4% (145/209) of whom thought that it could save time and effort; among the patients not using or considering unnecessary to use e-health, 87.6% (142/162) of whom thought they lived closer to the hospital and easy to access. Conclusion At present, less patients have the experience of using e-health, but more than half of them believe that it is necessary to use e-health and it should be promoted in the community healthcare.

Objective To survey on the smoking status among people with disabilities in Shanghai Jing′an District.Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey on smoking status among people with disabilities was conducted from July to December 2015 in 5 communities of Shanghai Jing′an District. Results Total 1 815 valid questionnaires were collected.Among all participants,278 were smokers with an overall smoking rate of 15.3%(278/1 815); the smoking rate in males was 28.1%(265/944)and in females was 1.5%(13/871).The disables people aged 45 -60 years had the highest smoking rate (23.4%,141/602).The nicotine dependence rate in regular smokers accounted for 74.6%(182/244). The nicotine dependence was mainly mild to moderate, and the average of Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence(FTND)score was 3.75 ±1.97.Most participants(90.8%,238/262)were aware of the harm of smoking to health,but the awareness rate of health hazards of second-hand smoke was only 59.5%(156/262).The awareness rates of tobacco-related diseases were all lower than 70%.The rate of quitting was 33.5%(93/278),but only 17.2%(16/93)succeeded;66.0%(173/262)of the smokers did not intend to quit,only 15.3%(40/262)started to quit or to reduce the smoking;and 83.6%(219/262)of current smokers thought that it was impossible to quit smoking.Conclusion The smoking rate in people with disabilities is lower than that in the general population,the awareness of the harm of second-hand smoke is low and there is lack of knowledge of tobacco related diseases;the intend of quitting is low but the success rate of smoking cessation is high among people with disabilities in Shanghai Jing ′an District.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders.However,the diagnosis of GAD is difficult,GAD has the lowest diagnostic reliability among anxiety disorders and is often neglected.This article reviews the application of the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) in population screening for GAD,focusing on its history of development and the scope of unilization.