To explore the application of Problem-Based Learning( PBL) method in the clinical teaching of dermatology,we discuss the specificity in teaching and problems in application of dermatology and venereology from the relations between dermatology and venereology and other subjects,between summary and each chapters,and the relationships between each diseases.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily.It is extensively expressed on different tissues and cells. TRAIL can initiate singnaling through binding to TRAIL receptors. TRAIL selectively induces apoptosis of a variety of tumor cells, but has less toxition or no damage to most normal cells. TRAIL treatment in combination with chemotherapy drugs and cytokines can induces apoptosis of tumor cells. But a tumor emerges immune escape or immune privilege by expressing TRAIL on itself. The action of TRAIL is influenced by NF-?B or type and amount of TRAIL receptors on target cell.

Objective:To compare and analyze the volatile components in different medicinal parts of silktree Albizzia julibrissin and their relative contents .Methods:Chromatography-mass spectrometry using headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas method ( HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to analyze the volatile components in the bark and flowers of silktree Albizzia julibrissin and the relative contents were calculated by a peak area normalization method .Results:In the bark and flowers of silktree Albizzia julibris-sin, totally 30 and 33 compounds were respectively identified , which respectively accounted for 73.20%and 88.29%of the total vola-tile.A total of 15 components, including alkanes, alkenes, aldehydes, furans, alcohols and acids were in the bark and flowers of silk-tree Albizzia julibrissin, among them, the content of cineole was the highest (bark:15.02%and flowers:21.9%).Conclusion:The HS-SPME technique can be used to analyze and compare the volatile components in the bark and flowers of silktree Albizzia julibrissin, which provides scientific basis for the reasonable development and application of the bark and flowers of silktree Albizzia julibrissin.

Objective We investigated urinary incontinence (UI) among patients of the Gynecological Department of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,to observe characteristics of women with UI in our province,and to analyze preliminary factors affecting their treatment.Methods We evaluated 15 300 patients treated for UI from August 2009 to April 2011,using site information and questionnaires.We also compared them to 66 825 other gynecology outpatients at our hospital over the same period.Results We found that the incidence of UI tended to increase with age,and was associated with body mass index,parturition,and surgery history.But 54.63％ (8358/15 300) of them refused surgical treatment.Of these 8358 patients,29.78％ (2489/8358) because of economic factors,25.83％ (2159/8358) because of mental stress,and 24.30％ (2031/8358) because of lack of faith in the efficacy of surgical treatment,20.09％ (1679/8358) did so because of knowing little of the disease.Conclusions UI is inconvenient to patients,and seriously affects their physical and mental health. Many patients refuse surgical treatment.Medical staff should attempt to educate patients better with regard to treatment,and to offer them help to improve the quality of their lives.

BACKGROUND:LL37, the only antimicrobial peptide of the cathelicidin family identified from the human, not only promotes the proliferation of endothelial cel s, but also plays an important role in angiogenesis and re-epithelialization.
OBJECTIVE:To construct a recombinant adenovirus overexpressing human antimicrobial peptide LL37 gene, and to detect the expression and secretion of LL37 after transfected into the canine vaginal epithelial cells.
METHODS:The cDNA encoding LL37 was amplified by PCR. Recombinant adenovirus expression plasmid encoding LL37 and green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was constructed, and identified using restriction endonuclease technology and DNA sequencing method. Adenovirus particles were generated by cotransfecting the 293-packaging cel line. The adenovirus were col ected, amplified and concentrated, and viral titers were determined by end-point dilution assay by applying serial dilutions of the purified viruses to 293 cel s. Primary cultured canine vaginal epithelial cel s were transfected by the recombinant adenovirus. The transfection efficacy was observed by fluorescence microscope, and the cultured supernatant was col ected to determine the expression of LL37 by ELISA method at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after transfection.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The adenovirus vector GV314-LL37 with the titer of 3×109 pfu/mL was successful y constructed and identified by DNA sequencing methods. Canine vaginal epithelial cel s were successful y isolated and cultured and grew stably. After transfection, vaginal epithelial cel s could express the EGFP and LL37 efficiently in a time-dependent manner detected by fluorescence microscope and ELISA method. The transfection efficacy of EGFP reached to 89%at 72 hours. The level of LL37 in the cel culture supernatant in the transfection group was significantly higher than that in the control group, the highest expression of LL37 was found at 3 days that lasting for 7 days. In conclusion, the recombinant adenovirus overexpressing human antimicrobial peptide LL37 gene is successful y constructed, which can express and secrete LL37 after transfected into canine vaginal epithelial cel s, providing a foundation for constructing the tissue-engineered vagina possessing anti-infection and neovascularization.

The designed experiment of nutrition survey is set up in the medical teaching in order to make the medical students realize the seriousness and the creativity of the scientific research and to improve their interest and ability of the scientific research.

Objective To explore the diagnostic and clinical application value of combined detection of C-reactive protein (CRP),serum prealbumin (PA) and white blood cell (WBC) count in neonatal infectious diseases.Methods A total of 187 fullterm newborns were collected in this study,including 92 newborns of bacterial infection as the infection group and 95 newborns of non-infection diseases as non-infection group.The abnormal rates of CRP,PA and WBC in the two groups were measured;the sensitivity,specificity,false positive rate and false negative rate were compared between the single detection and combined detection of WBC,PA,CRP;the changes of the three indexes in the infection group were compared between before and after treatment.Results The abnormal rates of CRP,PA and WBC in the infection group were significantly higher than those in the non-bacterial infection diseases group (P＜0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of combined detection of CRP+ PA + WBC were higher than those of single detection of CRP,PA and WBC;after treatment,the level of CRP in the infection group was significantly decreased,the level of PA was significantly increased and the WBC count returned to normal(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combined detection of CRP,PA and WBC has an important clinical value in the early diagnosis of neonatal bacterial infection.

Objective: To investigate the antimotion sickness effects of ginsenosides combined with dexamethasone in rats. Methods: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal saline, scopolamine-treated, ginsenosides-treated, dexamethasone-treated and ginsenosides plus dexamethasone-treated groups. There were 10 rats in each group. The rats in each group were fed with corresponding ingredients respectively, and then the rats were exposed to abnormal acceleration for one hour. The motion sickness index, the level of kaolin consumption and the course and time of spontaneous activity were observed. Results: The motion sickness index and the level of kaolin consumption of acceleration-exposed rats in ginsenosides plus dexamethasone-treated group were significantly lower than those in normal saline group. And the course and time of spontaneous activity of acceleration-exposed rats in ginsenosides plus dexamethasone-treated group were significantly higher than those in normal saline group. The level of body weight increment of acceleration-exposed rats in ginsenosides plus dexamethasone-treated group was significantly higher than that in dexamethasone-treated group. Conclusion: Ginsenosides combined with dexamethasone can significantly increase tolerance to acceleration of rats, and the drug combination can decrease side effects of methylprednisolone, such as body weight loss.

Objective To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with eye-acupuncture on cognitive dysfunction on cognitive dysfunction in patients with traumatic brain injury. Methods From May, 2014 to June, 2016, 90 trau-matic brain injury patients with cognitive impairment were randomly divided into eye-acupuncture group (n=30), rTMS group (n=30) and combination group (n=30), who accepted eye-acupuncture, rTMS and combination of eye-acupuncture and rTMS, repectively, for eight weeks. They were assessed with Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) before and after treatment. Results There was no significant difference in scores of LOTCA among three groups before treatment (F<0.523, P>0.05). The scores of LOTCA were the best in the combination group after treatment (F>3.789, P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of eye-acupuncture and rTMS is more effective in improving cognitive function after traumatic brain injury than either alone.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of salmeterol fluticasone combined with tiotropium bromide in the treatment of COPD via different inhalation devices.METHODS:Eighty COPD patients were selected from our hospital during Jan.2014 to Jan.2015,and then divided into trial group and control group according to random number table,with 40 cases in each group.Both groups were given Salmeterol fluticasone inhalant 500 μg,bid+Tiotropium bromide inhalant 18 μg,qd.Control group was given medicine via inhalation device coming with medicine,while trial group was given medicine via gas compression type ultrasonic spray inhalator.Both groups were treated for 1 year.Blood concentration of medicine 0.5 h after medication,mMRC score and COPD acsessment test (CAT) score 3,6,9 months after treatment,the times of acute exacerbation during treatment,FEV1％ before and af ter treatment were all observed in 2 groups.The occurrence of ADR was recorded.RESULTS:Four cases withdrew from trial group and 1 case from control group.After medication,there was no statistical significance in blood concentration of fluticasone,salmeterol and tiotropium bromide between 2 groups (P＞0.05).0.5 h after medication,mMRC score of trial group was slightly lower than that of control group,without statistical significance (P＞0.05);CAT score of it was significantly lower than that of control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).The times of acute exacerbation in trial group during treatment was significantly less than control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).The decrease of FEV1％ in trial group was slightly lower than control group,without statistical significance (P＞0.05).The incidence of ADR in trial group was significantly lower than control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS:For COPD patients,salmeterol fluticasone combined with tiotropium bromide via gas compression type ultrasonic spray inhalator is better than inhalation device coming with medicine in clinical efficacy and safety.