Ginsenoside Rg1 ( Rg1 ) is a monomer isolated from ginseng, which has a variety of pharmacological activities. Rg1 can obviously regulate hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells proliferation, differentiation, aging, secretion and so on by mul-tiple mechanisms. Rg1 has important therapeutic effects on the reparation of tissues, organs damage and aging. This review de-scribes the current knowledge on the effects of Rg1 on the char-acteristics and functions of adult stem cells.

Objective To disccuss the antioxidative effects of sodium ozagrel(OZG) in myocardial ischemia in rats and illuminate its effect of decreasing oxidative damage.Methods Forty healthy Wistar rats were randomly devided into five groups:control,model,pretreatment,treatment and therapeutic alliance groups.OZG was used for 2 weeks in pretreatment group,then isoprenaline hydrochloride (ISO) was applied to make myocardial ischemia model.5 min after the establishment of model,OZG and OZG combined with glyceryl trinitrate(GT) were used in treatment group and therapeutic alliance group,respectively,ECG was recorded at the same time.1 h later,the activities of serum myocardial creatases(AST,LDH,CK),malonaldehyde(MDA) level and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity were detected.Results ECG:When the model was successfully set up,ST segment in every group all raised≥0.1 mV,the minimum value of raise was in pretreatment group.When the model was succeeded 5 min later,ST segment in model group slightly decreased but still ≥0.1 mV and it was significant in pretreatment group.In treatment and therapeutic alliance groups,compared with model succeeding'ST segment,ST segment decreased significantly at 5 min later(P

To examine the actual clinical diagnosis capability,the import of computer-based case simulations ( CCS ) technology in medical education is very important.The CCS examination system that integrated the ASP.NET and CCS technology can simulate doctor's clinical course more realistically and realize the students' practical skills evaluation.The system has a good prospect in medical education and clinical skills training.

AIM: To study the dissolution of ginsenoside Rb1,cinnamic acid and borneol in traditional Chinese medicine Shexiang Baoxin Pill(Moschus,extract of Radix et Rhizoma ginseng,Calculus Bovis artifactus,Cortex Cinnamomi,Styrax,Venenum Bufonis and Borneolum syntheticum). METHODS: The in vitro dissolution of active components in Shexiang Baoxin Pill was performed with paddle method. HPLC was used for determination of ginsenoside Rb1 and cinnamic acid,and GC for borneol. RESULTS: The analytic method above was easy to carry out,the requirement of the specificity,accuracy,precision and stability could meet the needs of experiment well; the dissolution time T50 and Td of ginsenoside Rb1,cinnamic acid and borneol were 30. 90,33. 79 min,29. 73, 37. 11 min and 42. 38,48. 51 min respectively. CONCLUSION: The dissolution rate of three active components from Shexiang Baoxin Pills was fast and the analytic methods established in this study could be used to evaluate the quality of the preparation.

Objective To investigate the effect of gastrodin on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in Alzheimer's disease ( AD) tree shrew. Methods AD tree shrew model was established by intracerebroventricular injection with amyloid-βpeptide (Aβ) . Since the eighth day after injection, the tree shrews were treated with gastrodin for thirty days. The expression of BDNF in tree threw hippocampus was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) . Results The expression of BDNF mRNA in the treatment group was higher than that in the model group ( <0.05) . Conclusion Gastrodin can increase some degree of the expression of BDNF.

Objective To compare the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) on the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in the treatment of ocular hypertension (OHT),early and moderate primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods Non-randomized controlled study was conducted in 120 patients (120 eyes),who were divided into 3 groups according to the patients' condition,including OHT group with 40 eyes of 40 patients,early-stage POAG group (40 eyes of 40 patients) and medium-stage POAG group (40 eyes of 40 patients),aged rang from 16 to 79 years.SLT was performed on the 360° trabecular meshwork using 532 nm frequency-double Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (Selecta duet),with the pulse of 3 ns and spot diameter of 400 nm.The initial energy was 0.6 m J,which decreased at 0.1 mJ interval till champagne bubble appeared.The following-up was postoperative 1 day,1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months,respectively,and changes in IOP before and after SLT was recorded and analyzed statistically.Resuits Postoperative IOP at different time points was significantly lower than that of preoperation in the three groups,with significant difference (all P ＜ 0.05).There was also significant difference in IOP of the each group at different time points after the operation (all P ＜ 0.05).The preoperative baseline IOP of OHT group,early-stage POAG group and medium-stage POAG group was (25.95 ± 1.80) nmHg (1 kPa =7.5 mmHg),(24.66 ± 1.55) mmHg and (25.62 ± 2.67) mmHg,respectively,approaching significant difference (P ＜0.05).After eliminating the influence of baseline IOP,intergroup differences of postoperative IOP at each time point in the three groups were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05),and intragroup differences were also significant (all P ＜ 0.05).When compared with corrected baseline IOP,the reduction of IOP was the largest in OHT group after SLT,followed by the early-stage POAG group,and the lowest was in the medium-stage POAG group.Conclusion SLT has a good effect on IOP reduction for OHT and POAG,and the treatment effect of SLT declines successively according to the severity of POAG.

Objective To evaluate effects of trichostain A (TSA) on cell proliferation, cell cycles, apoptosis and invasiveness of multiple myeloma cell line U266; as well as active changes of methylation regulating proteins including DNA methyl-transferase(DNMTs), methyl-binding domain (MBD) proteins: MBD2 and MeCP2 after treated with TSA. Methods U266 cells were treated with different concentrations of TSA for 12, 24, 48 and 60 h. The proliferation activity of U266 cells was detected by MTT and the IC50 of 24 h was calculated. After U266 cells were treated with IC50, cell cycles were check out by dying with PI. mRNA of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2), bc1-2, bcl-xl and methylation regulating proteins (DNMTs, MBD2 and MeCP2) were detected by real-time PCR. FCM and Western blotting were used to measure expressions of MMP-2 and MBD2. Results MTT results revealed TSA inhibited proliferation of U266 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner and the IC50 of 24 h was 0.07 μmol/L FCM analysis showed that TSA could arrest the cell cycle in G0/G1 and the proliferation index (PI) in U266 cells [(49.90 0.39)%]were significantly different after exposed to TSA (0.7 μmnol/L for 24h compared with that in the control cells[(55.78 0.49)%](P <0.01). After treated by TSA, the 2-△△Ct of MMP-2, bcl-2 and bcl-xl were 0.71 0.06, 5.04 0.92 and 2.95 0.35, respectively. There were great changes on mRNA of DNMT, MBD2 and MeCP2. TSA could reverse the transcription of DNMT, MBD2 and MeCP2. Conclusion TSA can arrest the U266 cell cycle in GVG, to prevent its proliferation and promote apoptosis, which maybe greatly connect with the changes of the methylation regulating proteins.

Objective To investigate the relationship of Vaneomycin serum concentration and drug adverse reactions (ADRs) in neonates.Methods Two hundred and thirteen neonates who were treated by Vancomycin and had their serum concentration monitored were recruited.The number of cases which had liver,kidney and hearing damage after treatment was calculated.The correlation between 3 different serum concentrations (＜5 mg/L,5-10 mg/L,＞ 10 mg/L) and ADRs were analyzed.Results The mean level of Vancomycin in serum was (4.36 ± 4.99) mg/L The total incidence of ADRs was 17.8％ (38/213 cases).The main ADRs were liver damage and hearing impairment,whose incidences were 9.9％ (21/213 cases) and 7.5％ (16/213 cases),respectively,and they were were significantly higher than kidney danage (0.5％,1/213 cases) (x2 =19.172,P =0.000;x2 =13.785,P =0.000).There was no significant difference be-tween the inidence ratio of liver damage and that of the hearing impairment (x2 =0.330,P =0.566).The ADRs ratio among 3 different serum concentrations was 17.0％ (24/141 cases),17.6％ (9/51 cases) and 23.8％ (5/21 cases).There was no significant difference between the ADRs ratios and distribution of different serum concentrations (x2 =0.576,P =0.750).Moreover,the ADRs rates didn't increase along with the serum concentrations (Z =0.648,P =0.517).Except for aspartate transaminase,the indicators of liver and kidney function varied significantly after vancomycin treatment (P ＜0.05).But there was no clinical significance because the mean value was in normal range.By Bivariate Correlation analysis,Vancomyein serum concentration had no significant influence on liver and kidney function (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Neonates treated by Vancomycin had reatively high ratio of the liver damage and the hearing impairment.There is no significant correlation between Vancomyein serum concentration and ADRs in neonates.

Objective To establish a determination method for leuprolide acetate microspheres. Methods HPLC was performed on Inertsil ODS-SP (150×4.6 mm×5μm) with mobile phase consist of 0.1 mol/L of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate(adjust its pH to 7.00±0.05 with Ammonium Hydroxide) and Acetonitrile in ratio of 3:1(V/V),and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The wavelength was 220 nm and column temperature was 30℃. The injection volume was 20 μL. Results The linear range of leuprolide acetate was 20.0-160.0μg/mL (r=0.9999) with an average recovery of 99.80%,RSD=0.63%(n=9). Conclusion The method of HPLC was accurate,reliable and specific, which could be used to determinate the assay of leuprolide acetate microspheres and for quality control of microspheres.

Objective Toinvestigateserumalanineaminotransferase(ALT)andtotalbilirubin(TB)concentrationsofchildrenin Panyu district of Guangzhou ,and establish the reference ranges for ALT and TB tests for healthy children of different gender and different age .Methods 4 065 children were chosen randomly ,and their serum ALT and TB were determined .After excluding the outliers ,the results were analyzed statistically .Results After excluding outliers ,a total of 4 000 children were enrolled in the stud-y ,including 2 241 males ,1 759 females ,aged 2- <9 years old .According to statistical analysis ,reference ranges were established . For male the ALT reference ranges were as follows ,2- <3 years old :5 .0-36 .0 U/L ,3- <4 years old :7 .0-21 .0 U/L ,4- <8 years old :6 .0-21 .0 U/L ,8- <9 years old :5 .0-24 .0 U/L ;TB reference ranges of male were as follows ,2- <3 years old :3-12μmol/L ,3- <7 years old :4-15 μmol/L ,7- <8 years old :4-16 μmol/L ,8- <9 years old :7-12 μmol/L .ALT reference range of female were as follows ,2- <3 years old :6 .0-30 .0 U/L ,3- <4 years old:7 .0-22 .0 U/L ,4- <9 years old :6 .0-19 .0 U/L ;female TB reference range ,2- <3 years old :3 .0-12 .0 μmol/L ,3- <4 years old :3 .0-13 .0 μmol/L ,4- <9 years old:4 .0-16 . 0 μmol/L .Conclusion Established the reference ranges of ALT and TB test for healthy children in Panyu district .