Objective To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability of Cyclobuxine D in transdermal patch in Newzealand rabbits by determining concentration-time curve and by comparing with the pharmacokinetics of Cyclobuxine Dinjection and suspension.Methods Precolumn derivatization RP-HPLC was used to detect the concentration of Clovirobuxine D in rabbits plasma at different time,and software 3p87 was used to analyze the pharmacokinetics parameter.Results In contrast to oral delivery,relatively steadily sustained blood concentration with minimal fluctuation and prolonged peak time were presented in the rabbits over a long period after transdermal administration.The absolute bioavailability of Cyclobuxine D was 30.472 %.Conclusion Cyclobuxine D Patch exhibits good controlled-release properties and maintains appropriate blood concentration for a prolonged time.

To improve the quality of teaching,stimulate students'interest in studying medical cytobiology,and nurture the medical students with ability of practice,solid theory and innovation,we have carried on discussions about different kinds of teaching methods and discovered such results:If teachers can integrate the most recent development of medical cytobiology with teaching,strengthen the relationship between the real life and the clinical practice,and update the teaching contents with multi-teaching methods,we will receive a satisfactory teaching effect.

Objective To investigate the in-vitro transdermal permeability of cyclovirobuxine D ethosomes.Methods Ethosomes,liposomes,saturated aqueous solution and 35.5% saturated alcohol solution of cyclovirobuxine D were prepared.The in-vitro transdermal permeability of different kinds of preparations of cyclovirobuxine D was studied by in-vitro permeation experiments.Results Cyclovirobuxine D ethosomes enhanced transdermal flux rate of cyclovirobuxine D and the enhancement ratio was 8.85,superior to liposomes and saturate alcohol.The dermatic hold-up amount of cyclovirobuxine D in 35.5% saturated alcohol solution,liposomes and ethosomes was in a decreasing sequence.Conclusion Compared with the liposomes,the ethosomes can enhance the transdermal flux rate of cyclovirobuxine D,which could increase the systematic action of the drug.

Objective To investigate the early nursing intervention on recovery of upper limb edema after radical mastectomy, and subjective comfort of patients and satisfaction degree with the service quality of nursing staff. Methods 70 patients according to different methods of nursing intervention were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 35 patients in each group. The observation group was given comprehensive care, including psychological care, raising affected limb, strengthen the training arm function, conducting various forms of aerobic motion, pressure gloves and massage, hot packs, physical therapy, the use of elastic bandages, guidance and other aspects of hospital care. The control group only received routine care. The nursing effect, subjective comfort degree, satisfaction degree with the service quality, time of edema alleviation and disappearance and hospitalization time of two groups were compared. Results Compared with the control group, nursing effect of the observation group was better,subjective comfort of patients and the satisfaction degree with the quality of service significantly improved,and the time of edema alleviation and hospitalization time was significantly shorter, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Early implementation of nursing interventions for patients with limb swelling after radical operation of breast cancer can improve patients satisfaction degree, promote the recovery of upper limb edema, reduce hospital stay.

Objective This study was designed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of transcription factor E2F-1 and apoptosis-off gene Bcl-2 in human colorectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry is used to detect the expression of E2F-1、Bcl-2 proteins in 60 cases of human colorectal carcinoma tissues and their corresponding normal mucosa.Results The positive expression rate of E2F in cancer tissues is 56.7%,while the positive expression rate of E2F in corresponding normal mucosa is 6.7%,so the comparison between two tissues is significant (P

Objective:To explore the chain mediating effect of escape motivation and flow experience between frustration and online game addiction.Methods:Stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 740 students from 5 universities in Beijing.Frustrate mental state scale (FMSS), escape subscale of online game motivation scale (OGMS), game flow scale (GFS), and the game addiction subscale of different types of internet addiction scale (DTIAS) were used for investigation. SPSS 25.0 software and PROCESS macro program model 6 were used to analyze the data and test the mediation effect.Results:Frustration (62.94±15.84) was positively correlated with escape motivation(6.89±2.34), flow experience(20.36±7.38), and online game addiction(16.05±6.62) ( r=0.30, 0.19, 0.39, all P<0.01). Escape motivation was positively correlated with flow experience and online game addiction ( r=0.51, 0.50, both P<0.01), while flow experience was positively correlated with online game addiction ( r=0.51, all P<0.01). The direct effect of frustration on game addiction was 0.23 (95% CI=0.17-0.30). Frustration indirectly affects game addiction through two paths. The single mediating effect of escape motivation was 0.07 (95% CI=0.05-0.11), and the chain mediating effect of escape motivation and flow experience was 0.05 (95% CI=0.04-0.08). Conclusion:Frustration not only directly affects online game addiction, but also indirectly affects online game addiction through escape motivation and flow experience.

Objective: To investigate the effects of different extracts of Smilax china L on the activity of ovarian cancer cells. Methods:Solvent extraction method was used to extract the active ingredients of Smilax china L. , and CCK-8 assay method was ap-plied to detect the influence of different Smilax china L. extracts (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200μg·ml-1 ) on the survival rate of ovarian cancer cells including low invasiveness A2780 cells and high invasiveness HO-8910PM cells. At the same time, the status of the two kinds of ovarian cancer cells at different time points (24, 48 and 72 h) was observed. Results:The IC50 of N-butanol extracts (SCR-B) on HO-8910 and A2780 ovarian cancer cells was 47. 5 μg· ml-1 and 69. 2 μg· ml-1 , respectively, and that of ethyl acetate ex-tracts (SCR-E) on A2780 and HO-8910 cells was 147. 9 μg· ml-1 and 166. 0 μg· ml-1, respectively. Smilax china L. extracts had the inhibition against both A278 and HO-8910PM ovarian cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Conclusion:The inhibitory activity of SCR-B against ovarian cancer cells is stronger than that of SCR-E, and SCR-B has stronger inhibition against A2780 cells than against HO-8910 cells. SCR-B has better inhibition against ovarian cancer cells.

SUMMARY Our work focused on the studies on the expression and function of transient receptor poten -tial vanilloid subtype 1 ( TRPV1) in the submandibular gland .By using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR ) , Western blotting , and immunofluorescence , our data demonstrated the expression and distribution characteristics of TRPV 1 in rabbit and human submandibular glands , as well as rat submandibular gland cell line SMG-C6.Furthermore, the possible intracellular signal molecules involved in the TRPV1-modulated saliva secretion were explored .Activation of TRPV1 increased the intracellular Ca2+concentration, upregulated the expression of aquaporin 5 (AQP5), the main transpor-ter that mediate water secretion through transcellular pathway , and led to AQP5 redistribution .Extracel-lular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 ( ERK1/2 ) was involved in the TRPV1-regulated AQP5 content. Besides, TRPV1 activation also modulated the expression , distribution, and function of tight junction protein, and increased paracellular permeability .ERK1/2 and myosin light chain 2 ( MLC2 ) were responsible for the regulation of TRPV1on tight junction properties.Taken together, our work suggested that TRPV1 was a potential target to promote saliva secretion , and activation of TRPV1 might provide a new and safe therapeutic strategy to ameliorate submandibular gland hypofunction .

Objective To investigate the role of glutaredoxin1(Grx1)on high glucose-induced apoptosis in cultured umbilical vein endothelial cells.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells was cultured and induced with different dose of glucose and Grx1.We divided the cells into three groups:cell control group,damage group(high glucose group),pretreatment with Grx1 group(Grx1+ high glucose group).The morphological changes of the cells were observed by light microscope.The proliferation of cell was measured by MTT assay.The morphon of cell nucleolus of endothelial cell was observed in a fluorescence microscope by Hoechst 33258 stain and the influences of Grx1 on the apoptosis were determined by the immunofluorescent of Annexin V-FITC/PI with flow cytometer.Results Under the light microscope Grx1 ameliorated cells condition and restore the structure of organelle compared with damage group.Grx1 prevented the inhibitory effect on cell viability induced by high glucose;Hoechst33258 stains suggested Grx1 protect the cells nucleolus against high glucose-induced apoptosis.The analysis of Grx1 can restrain apoptosis rate of endothelial cell significantly.Conclusion Grx1 can obviously protect human umbilicus vein endothelial cells from apoptosis damages induced by high glucose.

Objective To establish a method of isolation, purification and identification of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells (AEC- K ) from neonate piglet lungs of 1 ～ 3 days old and to investigate effects of proinflammatory cytokines on expression of growth factors (GFs). The yield, viability and purity of AEC- Ⅱ obtained using different enzyme digestion and purifying methods were compared. Methods After the first 24-hour culture of AEC- Ⅱ ,the media containing interleukin (IL)-1β,IL-6 and IGF-Ⅰ at different concentrations were used to culture AEC-Ⅱ for another 48 hours. And then the cells were counted and the expressions of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-Ⅰ ), platelet-derived growth factor ( PDGF), surfactant proteins (SP) -A and SP-B mRNA were determined by real time PCR. Results A significantly higher yield of AEC-Ⅱ was achieved by digesting the lung with 30 unit/ml elastase and 0.1 % trypsin at 37 t for 20 min, the yield was (5.33 ±0.54) × 106 after adjusted by the weight of lung and heart (P <0.01). The number of purified AEC-II obtained by immune adherence method was (38.0 ±28.0) × 106 perpiglet which was higher than by the method of percoll. The optimal phenotype maintenance time of AEC- Ⅱ was the first 24～96 hours in the primary culture. With increasing concentrations of IL-1 β and IL-6, there were decreased proliferation and expression of SP-A and IGF-Ⅰ mRNA in the cultured AEC- Ⅱ ,but SP-B mRNA expression was not affected. Both AEC-Ⅱ proliferation and expression of SP-A, SP-B mRNA decreased significantly after cultured with anti-IGF-Ⅰ. Conclusion In a new model of cultured AEC-Ⅱ from neonate piglets, IL-1β and IL-6 inhibited AEC- Ⅱ proliferation and SP-A mRNA expression through IGF-Ⅰ -dependent mechanisms.