Cognitive function has become a hot spot in the field of epilepsy. However,the relationship between cognitive function and epilepsy has not been clearly demonstrated. Clinical trials have showed that epi-lepsy and epileptic relevant factors are both associated with cognitive function in children. Children with cogni-tive impairment are often caused by those two factors. This article focuses on cognitive function in children with epilepsy age below 6 years,and mainly reviews the characteristics of cognitive function in these children with epilepsy.

Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin combined with tegafur on the treatment of gastric cancer patients after operation.Methods A retrospective analysis was used to analysis the clinical dated of gastric cancer patients received radical surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from April 2012 to August 2014, according to the surgical treatment of the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, which were divided into oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group and oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group.The lymph nodes and survival rate and recurrence rate of the two groups were observed after two years.The quality of life and the incidence of complications in the two groups were evaluated. Results The two years recurrence and metastasis rate of Oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group were lower than mFolfox6 program group (P<0.05);the one year survival rate was no difference of oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group two years survival rate is higher than that of mFolfox6 group, the rate of nausea and vomiting, leukopenia and urea nitrogen in oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group were higher ( P <0.05 ).Physical function, physical role, limb pain and other quality of life score of the two groups had no significant difference before treatment, after treatment, the indea of oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group was lower than mFolfox6 program group ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusion Oxaliplatin combined with tegafur can significantly reduce the rate of recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer patients after operation, and improve the quality of life of patients after operation.

Objective To study the expression of survivin in malignant pleomorphic adenoma,relay pleomorphic adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma.Methods The transcription and interpretation of urvivin mRNA in the salivary gland tumor were analyzed via immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization methods.Results Survivin mRNA expression and protein expression were almost the same in malignant pleomorphic adenoma,relay pleomorphic adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma.But they were different in the gland around the malignant pleomorphic adenoma.There was a significant difference of Survivin mRNA and protein expression in pleomorphic adenoma and malignant pleomorphic adenoma,and relay pleomorphic adenoma.The expressions were almost the same in relay and malignant pleomorphic adenoma.Conclusion The expression of survivin mRNA and protein is increased in pleomorphic adenoma and may be involved in the onset and progression of pleomorphic adenoma.It indicates that mRNA is relatively stable in the mRNA transcription and protein interpretation in malignant pleomorphic adenoma,and it is also showed earlier in gene amplification than in protein expression of the malignant tumor in the initial stage of malignant pleomorphic adenoma.Survivin can be a new diagnostic/therapeutic target in pleomorphic adenoma.

Clinicians monitor the gastric residual volume(GRV) of critical ill patients to minimize or prevent side effect of EN.Nevertheless,recommendations about the threshold GRV in critically ill patients treated with EN are not uniform.Many recent clinical studies had demonstrated that increasing the limit of GRV was associated with the increase in the diet volume ratio of ICU patients receiving EN,and it was not associated with adverse effects in gastrointestinal complications.This review summarizes the influence factors of GRV monitoring to evaluate the feasibility and necessity of increasing the threshold of GRV.

ObjectiveTo understand the clinical characteristics and therapy of Huntington's disease (HD).MethodsThe clinical characteristics of five typical kindreds with HD were analysed. The therapeutic progression after reviewing literature was summarized.ResultsFive kindreds inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. They were all adult-onset HD.Progressive motor dysfunction,cognitive decline,emotional and behavioral disturbance were the key clinical presentations. At an early stage, manifestations include subtle emotional symptoms and involuntary movements.The reason of visiting doctor was chorea. CT scans demonstrated brain atrophy.ConclusionsTypical clinical manifestation and clear family history may be enough to make primary diagnosis. Psychological evaluation at risk individual may help to diagnose early. Gene testing may confirm the diagnosis of HD. The drugs and occupational,physical therapy and psychotherapy for HD patients can help maintain the highest level of function and improve the quality of life.

Objective This study aims to evaluate the impact of early surgery on long-term outcome of patients with left-sided native valve infective endocarditis (IE).Methods Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed in 239 consecutive patients with left-sided native valve IE from 2002 to 2012 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH).Propensity score was used to match patients in the early operation and conventional treatment groups.Results Early surgery was performed in 70 (29.3％)patients and the conventional treatment strategy was applied in 169 (70.7％) patients.The median followup period was 2 years.IE-related mortality was lower in the early operation group than in the conventional treatment group (10.0％ vs 23.1％,P =0.02).For 58 propensity score-matched pairs,the cumulative survival free from IE related death was significantly higher in the early operation group than in the conventional treatment group (P =0.027).Regression analysis of the matched cohorts revealed that early surgery was independently associated with decreased IE-related mortality (HR 0.286 ; 95％ CI 0.092-0.893 ;P =0.031).While either cardiac function with NYHA Class Ⅲ-Ⅳ (HR 4.044; 95％ CI 1.318-12.407;P =0.015) or uncontrolled infection (HR 52.064; 95％ CI 10.996-247.194; P ＜ 0.001) was associated with poor prognosis of increased mortality.Conclusions Early surgery improved long-term outcome in patients with left-sided native valve IE compared with conventional therapy.Risk factors related to increased mortality included heart failure and uncontrollable infection.

Objective To detect the reactive samples of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA1) by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA),and to analyze the application value of CMIA in HCV infection validation of blood donors.Methods Nucleic acid 3-item combined testing (NAT),another ELISA2,HCV antibody supplementary test(Western Blot test,WB) and CMIA test supplemented in blood samples of 102 ELISA1 anti-HCV reactive blood donors were retrospectively analysed.Results Among 102 blood donors of anti-HCV positive,32 cases (31.37%,32/102) were HCV RNA reactive samples,50 cases (49.02%,50/102) were ELISA2/WB reactive simultaneously.With CMIA NAT results as the reference standard,CMIA was poorly correlated with HCV RNA (Spearman correlation coefficient rs=0.395,P<0.01),and the consistency between them was weak by Kappa test (Kappa=0.270,P<0.01).With ELISA2/WB detection results as the reference standard,CMIA was highly correlated with the results(Spearman correlation coefficient rs=0.713,P<0.01),and which showed high consistency by Kappa test (Kappa=0.674,P<0.01).Conclusion CMIA as a detection method of protein label after HCV infection has great value in the HCV infection confirmation in low-risk population.

BACKGROUND:Pretreatment is a dominant way to increase the histocompatibility of biomaterials,but many pretreatments are not satisfactory due to some reactions,such as calcification,cytotoxic reaction and reducing the tension resistance.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of immunogenicity,scaffold tension and cell growth factor on the non-pretreated scaffold biomaterials,and to prepare the homograft decellularized scaffolds.DESIGN:Contrast observation for the histomorphology.SETTING:The experiments were carried out in the Department of General Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from June 2006 to March 2007.MATERIALS:Wistar rats of SPF grade were adopted in this study.Sodium dodecyl sulfate from BioteehGrade Company(U.S.A.);basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from Peprotech Company(UK);dynamometer from Suzhou Electrical Element First Factory (China).METHODS:The vena cava inferior from rats were selected as experimental materials,we decellularized the epithelial cells from vein according to the improved Booth's methods with low osmotic Tris buffer containing sodium dodecyl sulplate,and then reserved the extracellular matrix.After fixing,the decellularized scaffold was stained by hematoxylin and eosin,the collagen fibers were observed and photographed by light microscope and scanning electron microscope.Changes of the intensity of the scaffolds were measured before and after decellularization.The deceilularized scaffolds were transplanted subcutaneously at homogeneity rats to observe whether the scaffolds had induced immunological rejection.In combination with bFGF and/or VEGF,the scaffolds were transplanted subcutaneously at homogeneity rats and took out two weeks later,in order to exam the new vessels in the scaffolds by immunohistochemistry.Dynamometer was applied to compare the change of the intensity of the scaffolds before and after transplantation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Change of the intensity of the scaffolds after decellularization and transplantation.Formation of new vessels in scaffolds.Local rejection of the scaffold subcutaneously transplanted into rats.RESULTS:The endothelial cells of the vein were completely removed when incubated with Tris buffer containing 0.03% sodium dodecyl sulfate for 48 hours.Results of hematoxylin and eosin staining,light microscope and scanning electron microscope showed that,the main components of extracellular matrix (collagen fiber) were reserved.There was no significant difference in the morphological structure and the intensity of collagenous scaffolds before and after decellalarization (P＞0.05).There was no apparent reject reaction at the embedded site,local incisions healed well.New vessels could be observed in the scaffolds two weeks later.There was no significant difference in the intensity of collagenons scaffolds before and after inoculation (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:The low osmotic Tris buffer containing 0.03% sodium dodecyl sulfate is suitable for decellularizing the vein.The homograft collagenous scaffolds exhibit no rejection after transplantation,and the intensity of the scaffolds does not descend.VEGF and bFGF can improve the growth of new vessels in the decellularized scaffolds,and have a synergistic effect.

Objective To explore the needs of the elderly patients for home care services,explore factors affecting their reception of home care services.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the needs of the elderly patients with chronic diseases for chronic home care services and the influential factors.Results 92.3%of the elderly patients with chronic diseases in the study needed home care services.Medical insurance,financial problems and caregiver’s quality were the key factors affecting their reception of home care,accounted for 95.5%,84.8%and 80.3%respectively.Conclusions Elderly patients with chronic diseases need home care.We should meet the needs of patients with chronic diseases by understanding their needs,carrying out multifaceted cooperation with governments and institutions,completing medical insurance system and expanding healthcare services.

Objective To assess the effects of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) on the striatum (ST) in normal cynomolgus monkeys using 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 imaging.Methods A total of six healthy female cynomolgus monkeys were included in this study.Three of them were fed with normal food (control group),and the other three were given oral administration of 7,8-DHF in addition to normal food (experimental group).The SPECT/CT imaging was performed at different time after 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 injection.The ROI of ST was drawn on images of 3 consecutive transverse slices that could be visualized best.The cerebellum (CB) was taken as the background reference area.The radioactivity uptake ratios of ST/CB at 1,3,4 and 5 h were calculated respectively.Paired-t test was used to analyze the data.Results ST radioactive uptake ratios showed continuing increase on the delay images.ST/CB uptake ratios of the control group at 1,3,4 and 5 h were 1.43±0.04,1.82±0.06,2.04±0.12,2.42±0.23,respectively,and those of the experimental group were 1.35±0.08,2.40±0.09,2.74±0.13 and 3.25±0.15 respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups at 1 h (t =2.57,P＞0.05),while ST/CB uptake ratios of the experimental group at 3,4 and 5 h were significantly higher (t values:2.77,2.87 and 2.92,all P＜0.05).Conclusion 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 SPECT/CT imaging can be used to assess the DAT activation effect by 7,8-DHF on ST of cynomolgus monkeys.