Objectives:To investigate the effects of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and somatostatin in the treatment of acute pancreatits. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups. Group A was patients treated from 1990 to 1994 with traditional non operative methods. Group B was patients treated from 1995 to 2000 with traditional methods plus both TPN and somatostatin. Results: In group B, morbidity, mortality and hospital stay were improved when compared with group A. The serum albumin concentration was below the normal at the beginning and was not different between the two groups. After the treatment of 15 days,the serum albumin concentration of group B was increased significantly and it remained almost the same in group A. Conclusions: Somatostatin and TPN can significantly improve the treatment effects of acute pancreatitis.

Objective To study the correlation between economic status and quality of life among patients with chronic ob -structive pulmonary diseases ( COPD) in Xinzhou region of Shanxi province .Methods One hundred forty -eight COPD patients in rural and urban area were randomly selected for the survey , and they filled out a questionnaire and we also accessed to medical records . The survey contains included economic burden on patients , medical expenses and mortality et al .Further to analyze the correlation be-tween economic status and quality of life in patients with COPD .Results For patients with COPD , economic burden in rural area was severe than those in urban area in economically backward areas in Xinzhou region ( P <0.05 ) , the investment on treatment in rural area was lower than in urban area ( P <0.05 ) , the quality of life in rural area was poorer than in urban area ( P <0.05 ) .Conclu-sions Backward economic situation severely restricts the treatment and quality of life in patients with COPD , and it increases the fi-nancial burden on the patient's family.It is necessary to increase the government investment , strengthen social management , and to carry out the supporting work for the patients with COPD in economically backward areas .

Objective To explore the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Functional Ability of Visually Impaired Questionnaire (CfaVIQ) by using Rasch Analysis. Methods The faVIQ was translated and adapted into the Chinese-version faVIQ (CfaVIQ). The CfaVIQ was completed by 215 visionlly impaired patients. The data were Rasch-analyzed with the Rating Scale Model of Andrich for calculating item fit statistics, determining the separation index by using Winsteps Rasch measurement program. Results Rasch model analysis indicated individual separation index (3.55) and project separation index (8.01) were both arithmetic greater than 2; the inlier-sensitive fit Mean Square (infitMnSq) and outlier-sensitive fit Mean Square (outfitMnSq) of Items, Persons were both within the range of 0.5-1.5, indicating great coincidence to the model;Wright map analysis showed the distribution of the sample ability and item difficulty was ideally normal. Coefficient of internal consistency was 3.55, separation reliability was 0.93. Pearson correlation coefficient of test-retest reliability was 0.92. Pearson correlation coefficient between CfaVIQ and vision (-0.67), visual acuity (-0.14). The National Eye Institute 25 Item Visual Function Questionnarie (NEI-VFQ25) (0.79) indicated a good construct validity. All the items′outfitMnSq, except outfitMnSq>1.5 of item 10 and item 23,were within the range of 0.5-1.5. Criterion Validity was 0.922 (95%CI:0.858-0.987). Conclusions The CfaVIQ is a culturally specific vision quality of life measure instrument. It can sensitively assess the quality-of-life in the visually impaired group. Rasch measurement model can provide comprehensive and positive information and has good application prospects for analysis of CfaVIQ.

Objective:To investigate in vitro metabolism method and HPLC method for the dextromethorphan.Methods:Total protein of normal liver specimens metabolismed dextromethorphan in vitro.An HPLC method with fluorescence was developed to study the contents of dextromethorphan and metabolites by joining an internal standard(Adriamycin).Methanol-10mmol/l,sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution(50:50,contain 0.01% sodium heptanesulfonate,5% triethylamine,pH 3.5)was used to the mobile phase.Results:Total protein of normal liver specimens metabolismed dextromethorphan in vitro efficiently with coenzyme,Mg~(2+), suitable temperature and pH value.Dextromethorphan and metabolites were analyed by HPLC method with fluorescence.The metabolic rate of dextromethorphan was 16.09%.Conclusion:It is suggested that the metabolism method of dextromethorphan in vitro is simple,convenient and accurate.It can be used for the determination of metabolism dextromethorphan in vitro.

Objective To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at position + 10225 in adiponectin receptor 1 gene and type 2 diabetes.Methods The genotypes of + 10225C/G of adiponectin receptor 1 were detected by polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) in 200 type 2 diabetes and 100 health controls.Fasting blood samples of all cases were obtained to extract DNA and detect genotype.Statistical software spss 13.0 was used to analyzed.Results Frequency of G-type allele in type 2 diabetes was 40.5％,that in normal controls was 23.5％,there was significant diffierences in the genotype frequencies of SNP+10225 between type 2 diabetes and health controls (x2 =128.0,P＜0.01).Conclusion AdipoR1 + 10225C/G polymorphism was probably associated with type 2 diabetes,G-type allele might be a genetic risk factor of type 2 diabetes.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of continuous passive motion (CPM) on postoperative functional rehabilitation in lower limb.Methods267 patients operated in lower limb were separated to CPM group (162 cases) and control group (105 cases). Patients of the CPM group used CPM device at early period post operation, and cases of the control group received instruction to exercise by themselves. The efficacy of two methods was evaluated.ResultsThe knee activity of affected extremity of CPM group at 10 day and 1 month was better than that of control group, as well as the rate of swelling extinction of affected extremity (P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionIt is propitious to functional rehabilitation of patients operated in lower limb that using CPM early post operation.

Objective To observe the changes of cerebral CT and auditory event related potentials (ERP, P300) for finding the effective method for the comprehensive evaluation of the patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methods Cerebral CT, P300, and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) were employed to assess 30 patients with Alzheimer's disease. Results Latency and amplitude of wave of P300 in patients were prolonged and decreased, respectively. Cerebral CT found an obvious atrophy in the frontal and temporal lobes of cerebra. These changes were obviously correlated with the severity of dementia. Conclusion Using cerebral CT, P300, and MMSE can offer morphometric, functional and psychological information which is helpful for precise assessment of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Objective To understand the application status of physical assessment in clinical nurses. Methods Using self-designed physical assessment skills questionnaire to investigate nurses in six provinces of China, 1115 questionnaires were valid. Results There were 171 items in this questionnaire,4.0% of them were used regularly, 19.3% used frequently, 76.7% used occasionally. The result of Spearman correlation showed that there was positive correlation between the frequency of physical assessment skills and the subjective needs of nurses, regional, educational background, hospital level. There was also negative correlation with title, age and seniority. Conclusions The main factors lead to imbalance development of physical assessment skills are regional, hospital-level and education background; the assessment skills of specialist hospitals and wards need to be standardized immediately.

Objective To understand the subjective perception and influential factors of physical assessment technique in clinical nurses. Methods Using self-designed physical assessment skills questionnaire to investigate nurses in the six provinces of China, 1115 questionnaires were valid. Results There were 11 items in this questionnaire. The first four were: physical assessment is an essential skill of nurses (88.1%),the importance of continuous learning (84.8%), lack of maturity assessment tools (79.8%), heavy workload,lack of time (60.8%). The result of multiple regression analysis (stepwise) showed that hospital-level and regional were the main factors affecting the subjective perception. Conclusions The development of physical assessment reies mainly on rational allocation of human resources structure, establishing the physical assessment framework, and make sure different departments have their own characteristics and the importance of continuing education.

Esophageal carcinoma represents high incidence and mortality rate in China.Irinotecan (CPT-11) has shown promising activity in a number of gastrointestinal cancers,including esophageal cancer.This article reviews recent clinical trials of irinotecan-based chemotherapy and radiochemotherapy in esophageal carcinoma.