Objective To explore the association of serum uric acid level with the different states of glucose metabolism and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reflected by creatinine clearance rate and to test the hypothesis that increased GFR is one of the determinants of serum uric acid level. Methods 822 subjects with high risk factors for diabetes in Beijing area underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for screening of diabetes. The subjects were divided into three groups:NGT,IGR and DM after OGTT. SUA and Ccr were compared between three groups. The general linear model was employed to test the relationships of the small FPG intervals with SUA and Ccr. Results The correlations of uric acid level with sex,BMI,TG,HbA1c and Ccr remained significant in a multiple regression analysis. After adjusting sex,BMI and TG,the newly diagnosed DM group had the lowest SUA level(P

Objective To explore the association of serum uric acid level with the different states of glucose metabolism and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reflected by creatinine clearance rate and to test the hypothesis that increased GFR is one of the determinants of serum uric acid level. Methods 822 subjects with high risk factors for diabetes in Beijing area underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for screening of diabetes. The subjects were divided into three groups:NGT,IGR and DM after OGTT. SUA and Ccr were compared between three groups. The general linear model was employed to test the relationships of the small FPG intervals with SUA and Ccr. Results The correlations of uric acid level with sex,BMI,TG,HbA1c and Ccr remained significant in a multiple regression analysis. After adjusting sex,BMI and TG,the newly diagnosed DM group had the lowest SUA level(P<0.01) and the highest Ccr(P<0.01). When fasting glucose level was stratified by a grade of 1 to 2mmol/L,we found that the correlation between SUA and FPG levels became significant only when FPG was higher than 7.0 mmol/L(P<0.01) and the correlation between Ccr and FPG levels became significant only when FPG was between 6.0 mmol/L and 10.0 mmol/L (P<0.01). Conclusions This study confirms the previous finding that SUA level decreases in diabetes,and provides a supporting evidence that the increased GFR might contribute to the fall of SUA level

Aim To study the activation of Nrf2 in-duced by baicalein ( BAI ) , and its protection against carbon tetrachloride ( CCl4 ) , ethanol and acetamino-phen ( APAP )-induced hepatotoxicity. Methods A reporter gene assay was conducted in human normal liver L-02 cells to detect the activation of transcription factor Nrf2 induced by baicalein. APAP ( 10 mmol · L-1 ) , CCl4 (10 mmol·L-1 ) and Ethanol (100 mmol · L-1 ) were used to induce hepatotoxicity in L-02 cells. After the pre-incubation with Baicalein (0, 1, 10, 25, 50, 100 μmol·L-1 ) for 15 min, cells were administrated with or without those above hepatotoxins. 48 h later, cell viability was detected by 3-(4, 5-dim-ethylthiazol-2-yl ) 2 , 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Results Baicalein (25, 50 μmol· L-1 ) induced the activation of Nrf2 ( P <0. 01 , P <0. 05) in the reporter gene assay. As compared with control, three hepatotoxins ( APAP, CCl4 , Ethanol ) all decreased cell viability ( P<0. 01 ) , and baicalein significantly reversed such decreases in a concentra-tion-dependent manner ( P<0. 01 ) . Conclusion Ba-icalein can induce the activation of transcription factor Nrf2 , which is probably one of the mechanisms con-tributing to the protection of baicalein against hepato-toxins (APAP, CCl4, Ethanol)-induced hepatotoxici-ty.

Objective To analyze the genetic relationship among the different cultivars of Cornus officinalis and provide some foundation for heredity breeding. Methods A modified method of extracting total DNA from the leaves of C. officinalis was selected by improving the traditional method-CTAB, the total DNA was analyzed by RAPD; the genetic similarity correlation was calculated by SPSS 10.0 DICE method, cluster analyses were carried out using Between-groups linkage method, and the genetic dendrogram was established. Results Random primers (22 10-bp) were selected to be used for the PCR, a total of 133 bands were amplified by 12 samples, among which 75 bands were polymorphic, accounting for 56.39%. The cluster analysis indicated that: spindleform itself was one group, short pear-shape and short cylindericform clustered together, the rest longer types clustered together, which reflected the result of artificial selection in the course of cultivating. Conclusion The result keeps accordance with the biologic character and territorial distribution of C. officinalis cultivars; RAPD analysis is an assistant mean for seed breeding of C. officinalis.

Object In order to obtain further evidence of therapeutic efficacy of sophoramine (SA) *, its effect on transplantation rejection was studied with simultaneous exploration of its mechanism of action Methods Number of T lymphocyte and its sub sets of skin allografted rat model were determined by immunofluorescence technique, and proliferation of T lymphocyte was assessed by thiazolyl blue (MTT) assay Results SA reduced the CD 3 and C 4 cell counts, lowered CD 4/C 8 ratio, inhibited T lymphocyte proliferation and prolonged the survival time of skin allografted rat Conclusion SA could inhibit transplantation rejection by inhibiting the function of T lymphocyte with simultaneous reduction of lymphocyte count

Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) was developed to investigate the structure stability of novel camptothecin derivative (L-P) at different pH,the kinetics and thermodynamics of hydrolysis reaction from lactone form to carboxylate form direction at near physiological conditions (pH 7.4,310 K). Uncoated fused-silica capillaries(35 cm×50 μm i. d,with effective length of 26.5 cm) were used. The background electro-lyte( BGE) was 0.025 mol/L sodium phosphate buffer with pH varied at 2.5,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,7.4 and 9. 0. The electrophoresis voltage was maintained at 14 kV when the pH of BGE ranged between 2.5 and 5.0,otherwise,the voltage was maintained at 10 kV. The UV detector was set at 260 nm. All samples were introduced using hydrodynamic injection at 5 kPa for 4 s. L-P was found to be lactone form as the solution pH was below 4. 0. As pH increased,the lactone form of L-P would undergo hydrolysis reaction to be carboxylate form. As pH was 9.0,L-P existed almost completely as carboxylate form. The rate constant of the hydrolysis increased as temperature raise. The energy of activation ( Ea) ,the enthalpy ( ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) of the hydrolysis reaction were determined as 72. 6 kJ/mol,10. 5 kJ/mol and 50. 9 J/( mol K) ,respectively. The proposed capillary zone electrophoresis could efficiently separate two pH-dependent structural forms of the novel camptothecin derivative( L-P). The positive enthalpy and entropy values of the L-P hydrolysis indicated that the reaction was endothermic and entropically driven and higher temperature favored.

We compare the results of two subcutaneous insulin regimens in type 2 diabetic patients with fractures during the perioperative period. In group Ⅰ 162 patients received regular insulin three times+ NPH insulin bedtime protocol; in group Ⅱ 72 patients received regular insulin three times + NPH insulin twice protocol. The difference of the time achieving satisfactory level of blood glucose (BG) and associated factors were analyzed, and the related complications were observed. The average time achieving satisfactory BG level was (9.1±3. 3) days and (7.0±2.6) days for group Ⅰ and Ⅱ respectively (P <0.05). There were no statistical differences in hypoglycemia, infection and thrombosis between two groups. Binary logistics regression showed that the time of achieving desired BG level was associated with blood glucose(BG) and the proportion of the regular insulin and the NPH. The results indicate that five times insulin injection method can shorten the time of achieving desired BG level and may be benefit to diabetic patients with fracture.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of hypereapnia on acute lung injury(ALI)in an model of rabbits in vivo,and to observe its effect on oxygen free radicals in the lung tissue in order to uncover the potential mechanisms.Method In the laboratory of pharmacology,China Medical Univereity,twenty-two healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to control group(Group C,n=6)with the injection of normal saline(0.1 ml/kg),and sixteen rabbits were injected with oleic acid(0.1ml/kg)intravenously,and then were randomly dirided into normocapnia group(Group N,n=8)and hypercapnia group(Group H,n=8,FiCO2=8%).Then tracheostomy was performed,and the experimental animals were ventilated for 3 hours after oleic acid or sterile normal saline administration.Lung mechanics,hemodynamics,blood-gas analysis were monitored.The rabbits were exsangninated.and the lungs and heart were taken out from the thorax.The concentration of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in the lung tissue were assayed.Lung tissue wet/dry ratio and pulmonary permeability index were measured and histologic damage was assessed after three hours'mechanical ventilation.Results Peak airway pressure in Group H was significantly lower than that in Group N and the dynamic lung comphance Was significantly higher than that in Group N(P＜0.05).PaO2 in Group H was significantly higher than that in Group N(P＜0.05).The concentration of MDA in the lung tissue in group H was significantly lower than that in Group N(P＜0.05),and SOD in group H was significantly higher than that in Group N(P＜O.05).Lung tissue wet/dry ratio and pulmonary permeability in group H were significantly lower than that in Group N(P＜0.05).Histological tissus damage in Group N wassignificantly severer than that in Group H.Conclusions Hypercapnia induced by inhalation of high concentration of carbon dioxide(8%)plays protective role in this in vivo model of ALI.The mechanisms may be associated with enhanced SOD activity and the attenuation of lipid peroxidation in the lung tissue.

AIM: To investigate whether hypercapnia is protective against acute lung injury (ALI) in a rabbit model, and study it's potential mechanisms. METHODS: Twenty-two healthy New Zealand white rabbits were involved in this study, and randomly allocated to control group (group C), normocapnic group (group N) and hypercapnic group (group H). Oleic acid (0 1 mL/kg) was injected intravenously to establish ALI model. Lung mechanics, hemodynamics, blood-gas analysis, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lung tissue were measured. Apoptosis was analyzed after 3h mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: (1) Peak airway pressure in group H was significantly lower than that in group N (P

Objective To analyze the results of HBsAg weakly positive and both HBsAg and HBsAb simultaneously positive in 5 items of hepatitis B detected by ELISA .Methods 115 cases of HBsAg weakly positive and 95 cases of both HBsAg and HBsAb simultaneously positive were screened out from 35 280 cases of 5 items detection results of hepatitis B .210 screened samples were performed the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) quantitation .Results 115 cases of HBsAg weakly positive were re‐detected by using ECLIA ,90 cases had the consistent results with the coincidence rate of 78 .3% .After ECLIA re‐detection in 95 cases of HBsAg and HBsAb double positive results ,11 cases had the consistent results with the coincidence rate of 11 .6% .Conclu‐sion The results of HBsAg weakly positive and both HBsAg and HBsAb double positive in 5 items of hepatitis B detected by ELISA must be cautious .In the detection results of HBsAg weakly positive ,the majority are the samples of HBsAg ,HBeAb and HBcAb positive and HBsAg and HBcAb positive .The results of HBsAg and HBsAb simultaneously positive have poor reliability , which should be careful to issue the detection reports .