To explore the relation between the gene polymorphism of type 2 diabetes patients and their response to sulphonylurea(SU) and accomplish the personal therapy,the range of the SU pharmacogenomics should includes genes involved in the process of SU metabolism and acting,other pathological or physiological process of type 2diabetes also should be investigated,the genes recoding sulphonylurea receptor 1(SUR1),inwardly rectifying K+ channels 6.2(Kir6.2),CYP2C9 and insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1) are the most important.

25 year).The patients were analyzed for the clinical characteristics.Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65(GAD65-Ab),insulin(I-Ab)and autoantobodies to protein tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins(IA2-Ab)were assayed.HLA-DRB1,DQA1,DQB1 alleles(HLA-DRB1*03,*04,*09,*15,DQB1*0201,*0302,*0601,DQA1*0301,*0501)were typing by PCR-sequence specific primer(PCR-SSP).Results A little higher proportion of males,a longer duration of disease; a higher BMI and WHR characterized the adult-onset patients.The adults have a higher level of triglycerides and 120 min C-peptides than adolescent.The frequency and level of IA2-Ab of the adolescents were higher than adults(47.1% vs 15.1% and 0.46 U?mL~ -1 vs 0.07 U?mL~ -1 ,respectively,P

Objective To study the mechanism of novel antiapoptosis factor clusterin in EJ cell. Methods MMC was used to induce apoptosis of EJ cells and the ratio of apoptosis was studied by flowcytometry after the use of clusterin. Results Clusterin in low dose can inhibit the apoptosis induced by MMC. Conclusions Clusterin can influence the development of bladder cancer by antiapoptosis.The expression of clusterin may have some relationship with the drug resistance or recurrence of bladder cancer.The study of clusterin is helpful to elucidate the biological mechanism of the bladder cancer and direct the therapy of bladder cancer using the antibody of clusterin.

Objective To investigate the role of GYLZ-RCC18 in the generation and development of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods By using SMART RACE and RT-PCR the full length of GYLZ-RCC18 was cloned and its expression was detected in RCC of different grade and stage by amplification of a special fragment sequence in the first reading frame about 504 bp. Results The full length of GYLZ-RCC18 about 3.5 kb expressed in RCC in higher level than in normal kidney tissue.GYLZ-RCC18 overexpressed in high grade and high stage RCC being 1-9 folds higher than that in low grade and low stage ones. Conclusions GYLZ-RCC18 is a new gene especially related to RCC and is closely related to the generation and development of RCC.Study of the gene will be helpful in the understanding of the molecular mechanism of the generation and development of RCC and may direct the diagnosis and treatment of RCC.

Objective To study clusterin expression in bladder cancer cell line EJ and its antiapoptosis mechanism. Methods The expression of clusterin in EJ cells was detected by means of immunocytochemical staining and its effect on apoptosis studied by 3′TUNEL method. Results Clusterin expressed clearly in EJ cells.Likewise,when a small dose of clusterin was added,clusterin was stained strongly in the cytoplasm of the EJ cells and MMC induced apoptosis of the EJ cells was markedly inhibited. Conclusions Clusterin can penetrate the cell membrane getting into the cell cytoplasm and there in the cytoplasm the antiapoptosis effect is evoked.By detecting the clusterin expression,recurrence and multidrug resistance of a bladder cancer may be evaluated.It is hopeful that the use of clusterin antibody in the treatment of bladder cancer might be feasible.

Objective To present our attempt on investigate the effect of MMC on a human bladder cancer cell line, EJ cells. Methods EJ cells were maintained under tissue culture conditions in the presence of Mitomycin C (MMC), which had a potent cytotoxic effect on these cells. The apoptosis and necrosis of EJ cells were assessed and by using flow cytometry (FCM) ,TUNEL technology and eosin exclusion assay . Results Apoptosis of bladder cancer cell line EJ could be observed within the 24 h after the use of MMC in different doses.The apoptosis peak appeared in the 24th hour and a dose dependment effect could be observed. Conclusions MMC could inhibit the growth of bladder cancer cell via inducing apoptosis and necrosis of the cells.This might enclose the therapeutic mechanism of MMC on bladder cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of clusterin on the cytobiological features of bladder cancer EJ cells. Methods EJ cells were transfected using lipofectine-induced antisense oligonucleotide of clusterin,and their expression was blocked.The biological behaviors of EJ cells,such as proliferation,apoptosis and necrosis,were observed. Results Compared with the sense group which were transfected by sense oligonucleotide of clusterin,the antisense group which were transfected by antisense oligonucleotide of clusterin exprerienced increase in apoptosis of EJ cells,reaching the peak on day 5 with apoptosis rate of 80%.The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant ( P

Objective To observe the expression of P2X receptors in the hippocampus of telomerase gene knockout mice after acupuncturing the bilateral ST36 acupoints.Methods Eighteen telomerase gene knockout homozygous mice were randomly divided into a blank control group (group A),a manual acupuncture group (group B) and an electric acupuncture group (group C),each of 6.Group A was not given any intervention,while groups B and C were provided with manual or electric acupuncture at point ST36 for 7 days.The expression of P2X receptors and cAMP response element bound protein (CREB) in the hippocampus were observed and compared among the 3 groups.Results The expression of P2X4 in the hippocampus was not significantly different among the 3 groups in groups B and C decreased significantly compared with group A,but there were no significant differences between group Bs and C.The expression of CREB in group C decreased significantly compared with groups A and B.Conclusion EA inhibits the expression of P2X4 receptor and CREB the hippocampus.The signaling pathway may play an important role in the mechanism of action of acupuncture in neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective To investigate the role of bladder interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs) in regulating the excitability of detrusor myocytes.Methods 1)Ultrastructural connection between ICCs and detrusor myocytes was detected by transmission electron microscope(TEM).2) Fluorescence redistribution after photobleaching(FRAP) was carried out to detect the intercellular communication between detrusor myocytes and its neighboring ICCs.Results 1)Gap junction between the 2 kinds of cells was confirmed by TEM.2)After target detrusor myocyte was photobleached,fluorescence intensity in detrusor myocytes was recovered gradually.In the meantime,fluorescence intensity in the ICCs neighboring to the target detrusor myocyte was decreased.This indicates a signal transmission from the neighboring ICCs to the target detrusor myocyte.Conclusion Structural connection is seen between ICCs and detrusor myocytes.Excitability signals might be transferred from ICCs to detrusor myocyte.

Objective To investigate the effect and s ig nificance of GYLZ-RCC18 (Genebank accession number:BE825133) on RCC cell line GRC-1. Methods To detect the expression of GYLZ-RCC18 by means of RT-PCR in both the renal cell carcinoma cell line G RC-1 and the normal kidney cell line HK-2. 20bp GYLZ-RCC18 antisense oligon u clotide packed with liposome was transfected into GRC-1 cell.The change in gro wth speed,proliferation activity,apoptosis,mortality and morphology of GRC-1 w ere observed. Results The expression of GYLZ-RCC18 in R CC was much higher than in the normal kidney.After transfection of GYLZ-RCC18 a ntisense oligonuclotide,the mortality of GRC-1 increased significantly.At the s ame time the proliferation activity and growth speed were retarded remarkably.Th e antisense oligonuclotide induced apoptosis of GRC-1 throughout the observati on time. Conclusions GYLZ-RCC18,a RCC relative novel ge ne,overexpression would stimulate the growth and proliferation activity of RCC.A poptosis and mortality of the RCC cell were also retarded.So,transfection of ant isense oligonuclotide could inhibit the generation and development of RCC provid ing a new approach to the research of RCC.