Objective To study the development of visual function in blepharophimosis-ptosis-epianthusinversm syndrome(BPES) and evaluate the clinical effect of Multistage Correction.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 51 cases of BEPS in Beijing Tongren Hospital from June 2005 to May 2009.Methods Refraction and general ophthalmology were performed for each patient. Family history was inquired and corrected surgery were performed for every one.Main Outcome Measures Refraction,the length, width of palpebral fissure,and inner canthal distance were measured both preoperatively and postoperatively.Results 13 of the 51 cases had family history,27 cases had amblyopia and 12 cases had refractive error.4 cases combined with strabismus.Conclusions The risk of refractive error and amblyopia in patients with BPES is much higher than that of normal population,so careful regular visual follow -up and early surgery are necessary.BPES patients tend to have much more chance to get amblyopia,which will impact on the development of visual function,therefore surgery correction at early age is highly suggested.

Objective To explore the value of T2 mapping MRI in predicting Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) activity. Methods 74 patients with GO and 30 normal individuals underwent coronal T2 mapping MRI were analyzed prospectively from August 2010 to June 2013 in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University. All the GO patients met Mourits criterion, with hyperthyroidism history, and enlargement of extraocular muscles (EOMs) found by MRI. GO patients were grouped by CAS. Of which, 52 patients in CAS≥3, 22 patients in CAS<3, 12 patients in CAS=0, and 10 patients in CAS=0 or 1. T2 values of EOMs (superior rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, external rectus muscle and superior oblique muscle) were calculated. The differences of mean T2 values between two eyes, among EOMs, different CAS groups and controls were evaluated by paired-sample t test and one-way ANOVA, respectively. The correlation between maxT2 and CAS was conducted by Spearman rank correlation analysis in GO patients. The cut-off value of maxT2 in predicting GO activity was determined by ROC curve. Results There was no significant difference on T2 values between sides and among EOMs in control (P>0.05), while GO group showed significant difference(P<0.05). T2 value increased by sequence of superior oblique muscle, external rectus muscle, superior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle and inferior rectus muscle, failed to show significant difference between medial and superior rectus muscle (P=1.00). T2 value increased by sequence of normal control, CAS=0, CAS=1/2 and CAS≥ 3 group(P<0.05). Spearman rank correlation revealed positive correlation between maxT2 and CAS (r=0.898, P<0.01). The cut-off value of maxT2 was 138.68 msec, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 63.5％(33/52), 90.9％(20/22), 94.3％(33/35), 51.3％(20/39), 71.6％(53/74), respectively. Conclusion T2 mapping MRI is valuable in predicting GO activity.