Objective To evaluate the expression of ?-defensin-2(BD-2) gene and protein with ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) in the old and grown rats.Methods Fifty-eight normal healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the old group(400～460 g,15～18 months,n=29) and grown group(280～320 g,4～6 months,n=29).Each rat received ventilation(VT=12 ml/kg) through tracheal tube for 24h and was challenged intra-tracheally with Pseudomonas aeruginosa(0.2 ml).The mRNA and protein levels of BD-2 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis respectively. Results Compared with the grown group,the rats had more severe interstitial pulmonary edema in the old group.There was no dominant difference in BD-2 mRNA and protein expression between the grown group and old group within 3 h,but BD-2 expressions in the grown group were significantly higher at 3 h,6 h,12 h,1 d,2 d and 3 d than those in the old group(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol preconditioning on endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) in HEPG2 cells.Methods HEPG2 cells were randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table:control group (group C),propofol group (group P),H/R group and H/R + propofol preconditioning group (group PP).In group C,the cells were cultured routinely for 42 h.In group H/R,after being cultured routinely for 6 h,the cells were exposed to 1％ O2 + 5％ CO2 + 94％ N2 for 12 h followed by 12 h reoxygenation.In group PP,the cells were cultured for 6 h in the culture medium containing propofol 10 μmol/L (final concentration),and then H/R was induced.The cell viability was detected by MTT assay.The expression of immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BIP),C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and activated caspase-3 was determined by Western blot.The expression of BIP,CHOP and caspase-3 mRNA was determined by RT-PCR.Results Compared with group C,the cell viability was significantly decreased,and the expression of BIP,CHOP and activated caspase-3 protein and mRNA was up-regnlated in H/R and PP groups,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group P.Compared with group H/R,the cell viability was significantly increased,and the expression of BIP,CHOP and activated caspase-3 protein and mRNA was down-regulated in PP group.Conclusion Propofol preconditioning can promote the cell proliferation and attenuate H/R injury to HEPG2 cells through inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To study the effect of synthesized peptide S247 on the activation of p38MAPK of ventilator- induced lung injury.Methods Thirty healthy male SD rats were divided into group A,group B,group C,n 10.All rats were performed with mechanical ventilation,group A with tidal volume(V_T)8 ml/kg,breathing rate(p)80/min;group B with tidal volume(V_T)40 ml/kg,breathing rate(p)=80/min;group C with tidal volume(V_T)40 ml/kg,breathing rate(p)80/min.The rats in group C were intraperitoneally injected with synthesized peptide S247(100 mg/kg)once a day for a week.The time of ventilation in all groups was two hours.Rats were sacrificed after the experiment was finished. The lung lavage liquid and lung tissue were collected and stored with correct methods.The measured indexes included lung pathology change,total protein,WBC,MPO and MIP-2.The expression of p38 and p-p38 were measured by Western Blot in lung tissue.Results Compared with group A,total protein,WBC,MPO,MIP-2 and p-p38 significantly increased in group B;compared with group B,total protein,WBC,MPO,MIP-2 and p-p38 significandy decreased in group C. Conclusion Synthesized peptide S247 significantly inhibited the activation of p38 and relieved the degree of ventilator induced lung injury.

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on the endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Eighty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 240-280 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =20 each):shame operation group (group S) ; focal cerebral I/R group (group FCIR); propofol pretreatment group (group P); intralipid pretreatment group (group Ⅰ).Focal cerebral I/R was induced by 4 h middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion.Propofol was infused at a rate of 12 mg· kg-1 · h-1 starting from 30 min before ischemia until 15 min of ischemia in group P,while intralipid was given instead of propofol in group I.Neurological deficit scores (NDSs) were measured at 6 h of reperfusion in 10 rats chosen from each group and the rats were then sacrificed.Their left brains were removed for determination of brain water content.The left 10 rats were sacrificed and their brains were immediately removed for determination of the expression of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP),Bcl-2,and activated caspase-3 in the left hippocampi by Western blot.Results Compared with group S,NDSs and brain water content were significantly increased,the expression of CHOP and activated caspase-3 was up-regulated,and the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated in group FCIR,NDSs was increased in group P (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group FCIR,NDSs and brain water content were significantly decreased,the expression of CHOP and activated caspase-3 was down-regulated,and the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated in group P,and no significant change was found in each parameter in group Ⅰ (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Propofol can reduce focal cerebral I/R injury through inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in rats.

Bypass surgery ( BSX ) and endovascular therapy ( EVT ) are the most important therapeutic method to critical limb ischemia?EVT has potential advantages in reducing surgical trauma and early postoperative complications, shortening hospital stay and so on? Concerning long?term results, BSX is better in reducing long?term mortality and improving long?term patency than EVT group? Therefore, control indications reasonably and select individualized methods, avoid the abuse of EVT are more meaningful for patients.

Objective To investigate the perioperative analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided bilateral thora-columbar interfascial plane block(TLIPB)in patients with discogenic low back pain(DLBP)undergoing percuta-neous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy(PTED).Methods Fifty-seven patients with discogenic low back pain admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2022 to April 2022 were randomly divided into group A(control group)with 28 patients and group B(ultrasound-guided bilateral thoracolumbar inter-fascialinterfacial plane block group)with 29 patients.The differences of visual analogue scale(VAS)at rest and turning over were compared between the two groups preoperative(t0),2 hours postoperative(t1),6 hours postop-erative(t2),12 hours postoperative(t3)and 24 hours postoperative(t4).The differences of quality of recovery-15 scores(QoR-15)were compared between the two groups preoperative and 24 hours postoperative.The changes of mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR)were compared between the two groups after entering the oper-ating room(T0),at the time of skin incision(T1),at the time of foraminoplasty(T2),at the time of the most severe pain recognized by the surgeon(T3),and at the end of the operation(T4).Adverse events were recorded during the operation and within 24 hours postoperative.Results All patients successfully completed the operation and ultrasound-guided bilateral TLIPB,without intervertebral space infection,spinal cord,nerve root and vascular injury,and serious complications such as nausea and vomiting.VAS scores at rest and turning over and QoR-15 scores at 24 hours postoperative were significantly lower than preoperative in the two groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups at rest at preoperative and postoperative time points(P>0.05).There were significant differences in VAS scores at 2 hours,6 hours and 12 hours postoperative between the two groups(P<0.05).There were significant difference in QoR-15 scores between the two groups at preoperative and 24 hours postoperative(P>0.05).There was a significant difference in QoR-15 scores between the two groups at 24 hours postoperative(P>0.05).There were significant differences in MAP and HR between the two groups at the time of foraminoplasty(T2)and at the time of the most severe pain recognized by the surgeon(T3)(P<0.05).Conclusions Ultrasound-guided bilateral thoracolumbar interfascial plane block can effectively relieve the pain after PTED,reduce the occurrence of perioperative stress response and adverse events,accelerate the postoperative rehabilitation of patients,and shorten the postoperative duration of hospitalization.

Bypass surgery ( BSX ) and endovascular therapy ( EVT ) are the most important therapeutic method to critical limb ischemia?EVT has potential advantages in reducing surgical trauma and early postoperative complications, shortening hospital stay and so on? Concerning long?term results, BSX is better in reducing long?term mortality and improving long?term patency than EVT group? Therefore, control indications reasonably and select individualized methods, avoid the abuse of EVT are more meaningful for patients.

BACKGROUND: Chromosomal abnormalities are important causes of ventriculomegaly (VM). In mild and isolated cases of fetal VM, obstetricians rarely give clear indications for pregnancy termination. We aimed to calculate the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities and incremental yield of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in VM, providing more information on genetic counseling and prognostic evaluation for fetuses with VM. METHODS: The Chinese language databases Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and China Biomedical Literature Database (from January 1, 1991 to April 29, 2020) and English language databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library (from January 1, 1945 to April 29, 2020) were systematically searched for articles on fetal VM. Diagnostic criteria were based on ultrasonographic or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment of lateral ventricular atrium width: ≥10 to <15 mm for mild VM, and ≥15 mm for severe VM. Isolated VM was defined by the absence of structural abnormalities other than VM detected by ultrasonography or MRI. R software was used for the meta-analysis to determine the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities and incremental yield of CMA in VM, and the combined rate and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Twenty-three articles involving 1635 patients were included. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in VM was 9% (95% CI: 5%-12%) and incremental yield of CMA in VM was 11% (95% CI: 7%-16%). The incidences of chromosomal abnormalities in mild, severe, isolated, and non-isolated VM were 9% (95% CI: 4%-16%), 5% (95% CI: 1%-11%), 3% (95% CI: 1%-6%), and 13% (95% CI: 4%-25%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Applying CMA in VM improved the detection rate of abnormalities. When VM is confirmed by ultrasound or MRI, obstetricians should recommend fetal karyotype analysis to exclude chromosomal abnormalities. Moreover, CMA should be recommended preferentially in pregnant women with fetal VM who are undergoing invasive prenatal diagnosis. CMA cannot completely replace chromosome karyotype analysis.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Karyotyping ; Microarray Analysis ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal