Objective To explore the pathological changes of liver fibrosis of patients with schistosomiasis liver fibrosis.Methods Between January 2003 and January 2009,microstructure retrospective observation of liver biopsy pathological paraffin specimens by optical microscope was carried out in 9 cases of patients with schistosomiasis liver fibrosis in Quzhou people's hospital internal medicine.Then those paraffin blocks were changed to resin embedding blocks and superfine slices were made.Ultrastructure observation by electronic microscope was carried out.Results Visible fibrous scar formation and fiber calcified nodule eggs in microscopic structure of liver tissue in 9 cases of patients with schistosomiasis liver fibrosis were observed.Ultrastructural observation of the 9 cases of patients with schistosomiasis liver fibrosis showed that most of the liver cell profile was clear,liver cell nucleus gap expanded,the number of rough endoplasmic reticulum decreased,swollen mitochondria crest occurred,collagen deposited around hepatic sinus and surroundings and collagen fiber bundle around small veins extended to hepatic lobule and surroundings,and calcified nodule eggs were not easy to find.Conclusions Under an electron microscope,diseased tissue cells can be observed at subcellular level or organelle level,which provides more insight into the pathology of schistosomiasis liver fibrosis.Calcified egg nodules are easily found by an optical microscope other than an electron microscopy.The two can complement each other.