Objective To study the expression of iNOS and AChE during streptomycin ototoxicity and the correlation.Methods 16 guinea pigs were divided into 2 groups randomly:control group and SM group.SABC immunohistochemical staining and image quantitative analysis technique were used to observe the expression of iNOS and AChE and grey value analysis.ABR measurements were used to monitor the effects of ototoxity.Results After 10 days with drugs,the ABR threshold value of SM group increased more significantly than that of the control group(P

Aim To examine the apoptosis and bFGF expression on the cochlea of guinea pig after administrated streptomycin(SM) and the antagonism of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Injection(DS) on SM ototoxity.Methods Forty guinea pigs were divided into four groups,and treated with DS and SM respectively.The apoptosis and bFGF expression were examined by TdT mediated biotin dUTP nickend labeling(TUNEL) techniques and SABC immunohistochemical staining with paraffin slide.The intensity of images were stored in a computer and analyzed by the image quantitative analysis technique.Auditory brainstem response(ABR) measurement was used to detect the ototoxicity before/after the examination.Results After 10 d treated by drugs,the ABR threshold of SM increased significantly,while the DS+SM reduced more(P

Objective To investigate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in the cochlear stria vascularis(SV) of guinea pigs after streptomycin(SM).Methods Auditory brainstem response(ABR) was used as measurement index,and combining with transmission electron microscope(TEM),immunohistochemical staining and image quantitative analysis technique, to detect iNOS expression in the cochlea stria vascularis of guinea pigs and the change of morphology after SM.Results 10 days after adminitration, ABR threshold of SM group increased more significantly than that of the control group(P

Objective To observe the effect of tetraethylplyrazine(TMP) on outward K~+ channel of outer hair cells in guinea pig cochlea.Methods 60 guinea pigs were divided into 6 groups randomly in the experiment.Auditory brainstem response was used to monitor the change of ABR thresholds and patch clamp techniques to observe the effect of TMP on outward K~+ channel.Results TMP decreased the elevated ABR threshold caused by streptomycin. The TMP increased the amplitudes of calcium sensitive potassium channels (I_ K(Ca) ) and delayed outward potassium channels (IK) of outer hair cells of guinea pig cochlea.Conclusion The study indicates that TMP may act as a protective agent against ototoxicity of streptomycin. The amplitudes of I_ K(Ca) and IK of outer hair cells are increased by the TMP,suggesting the possible mechanisms of reducing ototoxicity.

Objective To explore the change of the total level of lgE and specific allergen for acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma and to offer evidence for the prevention and cure of acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma.Methods The usual inhalant and ingested antigens were chosen in asthma patients,and the allergens were detected by ELISA in sera of acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma patients.Results Total positive rate of lgE was 92％ (48/52),dust mites 61.2％ (25/52),house dust 17％ (9/52),shrimp and crab 15％ (8/52),mould 9％ (5/52).Conclusion The main allergen of acute asthma exacerbation is dust mites.House dust,shrimp and crab,and mould folloo.The rats of pollen or weed are very low.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in blood culture,and provide a basis for clinical treatment.METHODS The blood samples were poured into the blood culture bottles of Beijing Botai Technique Development Center,and cultured with BacT/Alert 3D automated blood culture system.Isolated bacteria were identified by the VITEK system.Drug sensitivity was tested by the BIOMIC.RESULTS From Jan 2003 to Dec 2007,607 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 4116 clinic blood specimens,the positive rate was 14.8%,Gram-negative bacteria were the most common pathogens then Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.The sensitivity of Gram-negative bacteria to imipenem/cilastatin(TPM) was the best,the next was FEP;the sensitivity of Gram-positive bacteria to teicoplanin(TCN) was the best,Second was VAN.CONCLUSIONS Drug resistance of isolated pathogenic bacteria in blood cultures is very serious.Monitoring the change of pathogens and trends of drug resistance is very important in guiding the clinical use of drug.

BACKGROUND: Ligustrazine possesses the effect to reduce ototoxicity of gentamicin, whether does it antagonize the ototoxicity of gentamicin through influencing the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 in cochlea of guinea pigs with gentamicin induced ototoxicity? BJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ligustrazine on the expression of HSP70 in cochlea of guinea pigs with gentamicin induced ototoxicity through immunohistochemistry and image analysis technique in combination with the measurement of auditory brainstem response (ABR).DESIGN: A randomized controlled study, and linear correlation analysis. ETTING: Physiological Department of Shenyang Medical College and Audiological Laboratory of China Medical University.MATERIALS: Totally 40 white and red-eye healthy guinea pigs of lean grade and with keen auricle reflect, weighing 200 - 250 g, of either gender, were at random divided as gentamicin group, ligustrazine + gentamicin group, ligustrazine group, and normal control group, with 10 in each group.METHODS: Ligustrazine injection 140 mg/kg was intraperitoneally at the left side given for animals in ligustrazine + gentamicin group, and at the same time gentamicin sulfate injection 100 mg/kg was given intraperitoneally at the right side. The same dosage of gentamicin sulfate injection was intraperitoneally given for animals in gentamicin group. The same dosage of ligustrazine was intraperitoneally give for animals in ligustrazine group. The normal saline 2.5 mL/kg was intraperitoneally given for animals in normal control group. Administration was consecutively given for 10 days for each group, once a day. The body mass was measured every day for regulating the dosage. Before starting and after finishing the administration, the thresholds of ABR of all animals in each group were measured respectively. After finishing administration, all animals in each group were put to death, and the conditions of expressions of HSP70 in cochlea of guinea pigs were investigated by SABC immunohistochemistry and image analysis technology.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① the thresholds of ABR of all animals in each group; ② expressions of HSP70 in cochlea of guinea pigs in each group.RESULTS: ① The thresholds of ABR of guinea pigs: The thresholds in ligustrazine + gentamicin group and gentamicin group were obviously higher than that in normal control group [(21.09±4.50) dBnHL, (36.55±6.13)dBnHL, (2.50±2.75) dBnHL, t=15.764-22.665, P ＜ 0.001]. The threshold in ligustrazine + gentamicin group was obviously lower than that in gentamicin group (t=9.092, P ＜ 0.001). ② The expressions of HSP70 in each part of cochlea of guinea pigs: The mean gray values of cellular HSP70 positive reaction products in Corti's organ, vascular stria and spiral ligament, spiral limbus and spiral ganglion in gentamicin group were lower than those in normal control group (88.24±4.34, 96.85±1.05; 121.24±0.92,128.76±1.59; 96.15±1.10, 98.78±0.54; 117.73±1.18, 120.51±0.80, t=6.097-18.307, P ＜ 0.001). The mean gray values of cellular HSP70 positive reaction products in ligustrazine + gentamicin group were lower than those in gentamicin group (92.53±2.25, 88.24±4.34; 125.20±1.43, 121.24±0.92;98.71±0.91, 96.15±1.10, 118.91±0.46, 117.73±1.18, t=3.925-10.415, P＜ 0.001).③ The mean gray value of cellular HSP70 positive reaction products in each part of cochlea of guinea pigs was highly correlated with the threshold of ABR (r=-0.814 1 to -0.984 1, P ＜ 0.001).CONCLUSION: Ligustrazine could reduce the threshold of ABR and the expression of HSP70 in cochlea with gentamicin toxicosis so as to relieve gentamicin ototoxic injury, hence improving auditory function.

Objective To evaluate the value of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in differentiatied diagnosis for stromal tumour and lipoma in duodenal tract.MethodsThe EUS images of 44 cases of stromal tumour(30 cases) and lipoma( 14 cases) which were confirmed by pathological results were analyzed retrospectively.The location,size,layer of origin,margin,internal echo pattern and homogeniety of the lesion were recorded and compared.Results Compared with lipoma,stromal tumour showed a significant difference in the layer of origin,margin,internal echo and homogeniety ( P ＜ 0.05 ),but there was no statistical difference in the lesion location and size( P ＞0.05).ConclusionsEUS is greatly helpful to the differential diagnosis of stromal tumour and lipoma in duodenal tract.

Objective To investigate the change and clinical significance of thyroid CT value in patients with Graves disease and Hashimoto' s thyroiditis (HT).Methods One hundred and twelve Graves patients (GD group),54 HT patients (HT group) and 36 healthy people (NC group) were selected as our subjects.Computed tomography (CT) value of thyroid were measured.Results The CT value of the left thyroid gland was (70.53 ± 15.44) Hu in GD group,while (70.50 ± 16.01) Hu at the right side.In HT group,the CT value of the left thyroid gland was (53.77 ± 4.88) Hu,and (52.38 ± 6.67) Hu at the right side.The CT value of the left and right sides was (99.66 ±9.80) Hu and (100.77 ± 10.66) Hu in the NC group respectively.The CT value of GD and HT group were lower than that of the NC group (P ＜ 0.01),and the CT value of the HT group lower than that of the GD group more significant (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion (1) The CT value of the GD group and the HT group are significantly lower than the NC group and the CT value of the HT group reduces more apparently than that of the GD group.(2) CT values can be used as an early,non-invasive diagnosis of GD and HT secondary indexes.

Objective To investigate the possible protective effect of Shenqingyin Decoction on the kidney of experimental diabetic rats and its possible mechanism. Methods Totally 40 rats with diabetes induced by streptozocin were divided into 4 groups: diabetes model group, Shenqingyin group, Benopril group and Shenqingyin-Benopril combination group. After 8 weeks' treatment, blood glucose, renal function and 24h urine protein were measured, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in renal tissues and urine, superoxide diamutase (SOD) activity and serum transformed growth factor-β_1(TGF-β_1) were tested; renal pathological changes were observed with light microscope as well. Results The serum BUN, Scre of all medicine groups were significantly improved, which did not significantly differ from that in control group (P>0.05). However, it had no obvious improving effect on blood sugar. The content of 24h urine protein in all medicine groups was significantly lower than that in model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and Shenqingyin-Benopril combination group had the significantly lower level than the other two medicine groups (P<0.01). MDA in renal tissues and urine, SOD activity and serum TGF-β1 in all medicine groups significantly differed from those in the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and Shenqingyin-Benopril combination group had obvious difference with the other two medicine groups (P<0.01). Light microscopy showed amelioration of different degree in renal pathological changes, but with no significant differences in all medicine groups. Conclusion Shenqingyin Decoction has a protective effect on the kidney of experimental diabetic rats, and it has some synergetic effect when combined with Benopril. The mechanism may be related to inhibiting oxidative stress, improving the body's antioxidant ability and decreasing the expression of inflammatory factor TGF-β_1.