ObjectiveTo observe and evaluate the efficacy of Clostridium Butyricum Powder for preventing childhood diarrhea after pneumonia. Methods176 infants with pneumonia were randomly divided into two groups,100 infants as prevention group, another 76 infants as control group. With normal antibacterial therapy,and two hours afterwards. Clostridium Butyricum Powder was administered at doses of 0.5g three times a day,in prevention group.After diarrhea taken place, Clostridium Butyricum Powder was administered at doses of 0. 5 g three times a day, in control group. Clinical effect and untoward effect were observed. ResultsThe incidence of pneumonia-induced diarrhea was 9% in prevention group,and was 46. 8% in control group( P < 0. 01 ). Duration of diarrhea and course of the treatment in prevention group as compared to those in the control group were statistically significant( P < 0. 01 ).Adverse reaction was not found. ConclusionClostridium Butyricum Powder can prevent diarrhea after pneumonia with antibacterial therapy.

Objective To investigate the current status of postoperative life quality of 2-to 12-yearold children with congenital heart disease,to compare results between 2-to 4-year-old,5-to 7-year-old and 8-to12-year-old groups.Meanwhile,compare the results with foreign researches.Methods Pedsol cardiac module was adopted to investigate 255 children patients with letters in a certain heart center in Shanghai.The survey included heart problems and treatment,perceived physical appearance,treatment anxiety,cognitive problems and communication.2-to 4-year-old group was reported by parents and others were reported by both children and parents.The results underwent analysis and were compared with data of other countries.Results There existed statistical difference among three groups.Compared with foreign researches,quality of life of Chinese children was lower except heart problems and treatment.Conclusions We should provide suitable health care and family centered nursing according to physical and psychological development of children to improve children's quality of life.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of tranilast on cardiac fibroblasts proliferation and phenotype transformation incubated with a high concentration of glucose and the possible mechanism. METHODS The cardiac fibroblasts were divided into seven groups in accordance with different nutrient solutions:normal control group(5.5 mmol · L-1 glucose),hypertonic group(5.5 mmol · L-1 glucose+mannitol 25 mmol · L- 1),high glucose group (25 mmol · L- 1 glucose),tranilast intervention groups (25 mmol·L-1 glucose+tranilast 50,100 and 200μmol·L-1),and activin receptor-like kinase 7(ALK7) inhibitor group(25 mmol · L-1 glucose+10μmol · L-1 SB431542). The cell proliferation was detected by MTT method. The transformation of cardiac fibroblasts was determined by immunfluorescence staining. The expression of fibroblast specific protein 1 (FSP-1),α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and ALK7 was assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with nor?mal control group,A492 nm of cells in high glucose group was significantly increased(P<0.01),while the expression of α-SMA,TGF-β1 and ALK7 protein in high glucose group was significantly increased(P<0.01),but FSP-1 protein was significantly decreased(P<0.01). There was no difference between normal control group and hypertonic group. Compared with high glucose group,A492 nm of cells in tranilast or SB431542 intervention groups were decreased(P<0.05),and the expression of α-SMA,TGF-β1 and ALK7 protein was significantly decreased(P<0.05),but the expression of FSP-1 protein was increased (P<0.05)in tranilast or SB431542 intervention groups. CONCLUSION Tranilast can inhibit the proliferation and phenotype transformation of cardiac fibroblasts induced by high glucose,which may be related to down-regulation of the expression of ALK7.

Objective:To review the new progress in hydrogen peroxide disinfection and sterilization technology and equipments. Methods:Based on the recently published papers and our research results,the hydrogen peroxide sterilization technology and equip-ments were classified and summarized. Results:The hydrogen peroxide nano-fog( ultra-dry fog) sterilization technology and equipments could be used for the sterilization of space and equipments with the properties of safety, effectiveness and compatibility. Conclusion:The nano-fog( ultra-dry fog) sterilization technology and equipments exhibit broad application prospects,which is an ideal method to re-place the conventional space sterilization using formaldehyde and ozone.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have performed three-dimensional finite element analysis on lumbar fracture fixation. However, a few studies concerned three-dimensional finite element analysis of lumbar spinal pedicle screw fixation.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the biomechanical characteristics of one-way screw and universal screw fixation for lumbar fractures using finite element method.
METHODS:Models of lumbar fractures treated with one-way screw and universal screw fixation were established. Three-dimensional finite element method was used to analyze and compare the maximum axial displacement, maximum bending degree, maximum stress on thepedicle screw fixation system and maximum stress of intervertebral disc in normal vertebral fracture model, one-way and universal pedicle screw fixation models.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The maximum axial displacement at anteflexion, posterior extension, left lateral curvature and right lateral curvature was significantly lower in the one-way fixation group and universal fixation group than in the normal group (P< 0.05-0.01). The maximum axial displacement at above directions was lower in the universalfixation group than in the one-way fixation group. (2) The maximum bending degree was significantly lower in the one-way and universal fixation groups than in the normal group (P< 0.05-0.01). The maximum bending degree at various directions was lower in the universal fixation group than in the one-way fixation group. (3) The maximum stress on the pedicle screw fixation system at various directions was lower in the universal fixation group than in the one-way fixation group (P< 0.05-0.01). (4) The maximumstress of intervertebral disc was significantly lower in the one-way and universal fixation groups than in the normal group (P< 0.05-0.01). The maximum stress of intervertebral disc at various directions was lower in the universal fixation group than in the one-way fixation group. (5) Results suggested that one-way and universal screw fixation for lumbar fracture can bear most of the stress, obviously decrease the maximum axial displacement, maximum bending degree, maximum stress on the pedicle screw fixation system and maximum stress of intervertebral disc. The stability of universal screw fixation was better than that of one-way screw fixation.

Objective: To investigate the hemodynamic changes of ophthalmic artery(OA) and central retinal artery(CRA) in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG) and the effects of intraocular pressure(IOP) on retrobulbar hemodynamics. Methods: Following the measurement of IOP by non-contact tonometry,hemodynamic changes of OA and CRA were examined by color Doppler imaging(CDI) in 45 patients(90 eyes) with PACG,who were divided according to IOP into a hypertension(38 eyes) and a normal tension group(52 eyes).Observations were made of the peak systolic velocity(PSV),end-diastolic velocity(EDV),pulsatility index(PI) and resistance index(RI).Results: Significant differences were found between the PACG patients and the normal controls in CRA-EDV(P

The history of life sciences has displayed that Interdisciplinary contributes to the development of life sciences.It also causes people to think dialectically,what is regarded as the development of Interdisciplinary,what is its drive causes,what is the rule of its development.By exploring the developing trend of scientific and interdisciplinary science,we have fully discussed how to train the Cross-talents.

Objective To study the effect of renal ischemic reperfusion injury on intracellular ionized calcium level and apoptosis. Methods The model of rat's acute renal ischemic reperfusion injury was established.A total of 30 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups:control, 1 h ischemia and 1 h,2 h,24 h reperfusion groups (n=6 for each group).Renal intracellular [Ca 2+]i level was determined by Fura-2/AM fluorescence assay,and renal cell apoptosis rates were measured by flow cytometry. Results The renal intracellular [Ca 2+]i levels at 1h,2h and 24h timepoint of reperfusion were 156.2 nmol/L,181.6 nmol/L and 260.6 nmol/L,respectively,which were significantly higher (P

BACKGROUND: Oxygen-derived free radicals are produced during non-enzymatic glycosylation of diabetic protein and accompanied with decrease in nitrogen monoxide (NO) synthesis so as to cause the calcium increase in cell,evacuation of pykno-granule and apoptosis induced by activating endoenzyme.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of non-enzymatic glycosylation inhibitor-aminoguanidine on apoptosis of cardiac myocyte and cardiac function in diabetic rats.DESIGN: Completely randomized grouping design and controlled study.SETTING: Pharmacological Department of Jinzhou Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed at the Central Laboratory of Jinzhou Medical College between September 2002 and March 2003. Totally 54 male SD rats with 2-month old were selected.METHODS: Totally 36 rats were selected to establish diabetic model 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin were injected into the caudal vein. If blood glucose of rats was more than 16.7 mmol/L, the establishment of diabetic model was successful. Model rats were divided into diabetes group and aminoguanidine (AG) group with 18 in each group. Rats in each group were also divided into two 12-week groups with 8 and 12 respectively. Another 18 rats were determined as the control group at 2 time points: 12 weeks (n=8) and 24 weeks (n=10). Rats in each group were fed for 12 and 24in other two groups. Calculation of mass index was [heart (mg)/body mass (g)]. Myocardial tissue of left ventricle was taken out and observed with transmission electron microscope and then stained with in situ end-labeling (ISEL) method. Number of positive nucleus was counted with 10 × 10 ocular lens check system and with 10 fields ISEL method; meanwhile, their average was obtained.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Whether there was apoptosis of cardiac cell and the effect on AG in changes of cardiac structure and function of diabetic rats or not.RESULTS: Eight rats were lost during the experiment because of death mass: That of rats in the 12-week and 24-week diabetic group was higher decrease and increase rate of pressure in left ventricle: That of rats in the 12-week and 24-week diabetic group was lower than that in the control in left ventricle: That in 24-week diabetes group was obviously lower than diabetic group was obviously more than that in AG group (P ＜ 0.01), and that in 24-week diabetes group was obviously more than that in 12-week Apoptosis could be observed in myocardial cell in diabetic group.CONCLUSION: Apoptosis of myocardial cell plays an important role in the development of heart failure in diabetic rats. AG can reduce the apoptosis of myocardial cell and decrease the myocardial pathomorphological abnormality.