OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for clinical rational use and management of anti-HIV drugs,and to provide ref-erence basis for occupational exposure to develop free drug policy. METHODS:Using retrospective study method,according to DDD calculation method recommended by WHO,consumption sum,DDDs,DDC and B/A of anti-HIV drugs in our center during 2011-2014 were analyzed and evaluated. RESULTS:The consumption sum of anti-HIV drugs increased firstly and decreased later, increasing from 512112 yuan in 2011 to 650854 yuan in 2012,decreasing to 496473 yuan in 2014. DDDs of anti-HIV drugs in our center during 2011-2014 decreased from 35932 in 2011,to 16363 in 2014,showing decreasing tendency. The consumption sum of nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors during 2012-2014 took up the first place,and DDDs of nucleotide reverse tran-scriptase inhibitors took up the first place in 2011,2013,2014. DDDs of Zidovudine tablets took up the first place in 2013,2014, and that of Tangcao tablets took up top 3 places during 2011-2014. DDC of Tenofour disoproxil fumarate tablets,Zidovudine and la-mivudine tablets,Emtricitabine and tenofovir tablets,Lopinavir and ritonavir tablets were in high level,being more than 46 yuan. DDC of Zidovudine tablets,Stavadine tablets and Nevirapine tablets were in low level,being lower than 6 yuan. B/A of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablets,Stavudine tablets and Efavirenz tablets ranged 0.5-1.5 in 4 years and B/A of Tangcao tablets was equal to 1,showing good synchronism of social and economical benefits. CONCLUSIONS:Clinical application of anti-HIV drugs in our center is rational basically,and the use of drug is basically consistent with the occupational exposure prevention. The use of TCM preparation is basically in line with the requirements of drug use in the clinic.

Objective:To evaluate the academic standards and journal editor characteristics of the Chinese Mental Health Journal(CMHJ).Methods:With the database of Chinese Medical Citation Index(CMCI),the bibliometrics was used to analyze the statistical and evaluation of the cited original articles published in the CMHJ from 2000 to 2005.Results:In 1669 papers published during the period,1057(63.3%)were cited by CMCI.The total frequency of citation was 4649,and each original article was averagely cited 4.39 times by other researchers.The authors of these cited articles were from 30 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities,among which Beijing(1357;29.2%),Hunan(425;9.2%),Guangdong(414;8.9%)were the top three areas.The CMHJ was cited by 503 journals,with a self-citing rate of 9.8%.Conclusion:The CMHJ has published high quality articales on studying hot spots of the mental health.

Objective To analyze and evaluate the performance of the double antigen sandwich method reagents by comparing the detection results of three kinds of domestic hepatitis C virus(HCV)antibody detection kits with indirect method and sandwich method.Methods The different test methods were designed.The HCV antibody detection by using three kinds of reagents was performed on the collected positive and negative specimens and those specimens with positive reaction by the single and dual rea-gents were simultaneously performed the recombinant immunoblot assay(RIBA)and the nucleic acid detection;in addition,after the multiple proportion dilution,the quality control material with known content was parallelly detected with three kinds of reagents. All the detection results were conducted the comparison and the comprehensive analysis.Results Compared with the confirmation reagent,the false positive rates of two kinds of indirect method reagent and one kind of sandwich method reagent were 40.9%, 59.1% and 2.2% respectively.Their positive rates were 100%,but the analytical sensitivity of the sandwich method was higher than that of the indirect method by 1 ~4 times.Conclusion The sandwich ELISA reagent is significantly superior to the indirect EllSA reagent in the aspects of sensitivity and specificity.

The freshmen admission education in academic library is characterized by multiple contents and forms with gradual transformation of education position to network in information environment .The cases of freshmen ad-mission education in libraries of Beijing Normal University , Qinghua University , Shanghai Jiaotong University , and Jinan University were analyzed with its new techniques and new models summarized .The future direction of fresh-men admission education was forecasted , including establishment of standard freshmen education concept , use of more new techniques and more innovative methods .

Objective To investigate the correlation analysis of smoking on early outcomes in patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Methods 489 patients undergoing CABG in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Subjects were divided into smoking group (n = 276), non-smoking group (n = 213). According to the condition of patients will quit smoking, smoking group was divided into two subgroups: quit-smoking group (n=81), not quit-smoking group (n=195). Results BMI, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease history were significantly higher than that of non-smoking group, the average age of left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). But there were no significant differences between sub groups (P > 0.05). If the COPD patients were excluded from the research, postoperative pulmonary complications, the time of mechanical ventilation of non-smoking groups was significantly lower than the smoking group; pulmonary complications , ventilation time of quit-smoking subgroups was significantly lower than not quit-smoking group (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that the period of hospitalization in patients with pulmonary complications is related with smoking status (P<0.05). Conclusions Smoking may increase the effect of pulmonary complications and postoperative mechanical ventilation period. Patients with CABG should be encouraged to stop smoking as soon as possible, so as to reduce the postoperative complications.

Objective To explore the effect of laparoscopic ovarian drilling technique in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome.Methods 60 patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome were randomly devided into observation group( 30 cases) and the control group(30 cases).The effect of the two groups was observed.Results LH and T of all the patients were significantly improved after the treatments( t =27.2158,20.4752,9.7169,0.4551,all P ＜0.05);The ovulation rate and the pregnancy rate of observation group(86.7％ and 86.7％ ) was significantly higher than those of the control group( x2 =5.4545,9.3496,all P ＜ 0.05 ),and the OHSS rate of observation group was 0,significantly lower than that of the control group ( 16.7％ ) ( x2 =5.4545,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Laparoscopic ovarian drilling technique was effective and safe in treating polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Objective To analyze influencing factors of recurrence in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).Methods CIN patients who diagnosed by cervical cytology and cervical pathologic examination were treated with LEEP.Follow-up by cervical cytology and colposcope examination,patients with abnormal cytology were given colposcope pathologic examination.High risk human papilloma virus (HPV) was examined by hybrid capture HPV DNA method HC-2.Recurrent disease was defined when the same or higher level of lesion 6 months after LEEP were found.Results A total of 451 LEEP was performed during the study period,the age was 19-68 (39.0 ±7.4) years.Pathological grading:CIN Ⅰ was in 122 patients,CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ was in 329 patients.Ninety-eight patients were recurrent,the rate of recurrence was 21.73％ (98/451),the rate of recurrence in CIN Ⅰ was 14.75％(18/122),in CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ was 24.32％(80/329).Single factor analysis showed that high risk HPV infection,surgical margin,pathological grading,cervical cytology abnormal changes were the influencing factors of recurrence after LEEP (P＜0.01 or ＜0.05).Multi-factor analysis showed that the influencing factors of recurrence after LEEP were followed by high risk HPV infection,cervical cytology abnormal changes,surgical margin and pathological grading.Conclusions High risk HPV infection is an important influencing factor of recurrence after LEEP in patients with CIN,and cervical cytology abnormal changes,surgical margin and pathological grading are also influencing factor of recurrence after LEEP.

Objectiv e To evaluate clinical application effect of the self-developed usableness and fully functional fuming-washing appliance used for limb rehabilitation.Methods 200 cases of patella fracture patients with knee joint stiffness were divided into the observation group and the control group with 100 cases in each group.The observation group used fuming-washing appliance for limb rehabilitation,the control group chose traditional clinical method.The clinical effect was compared between two groups.Results After 2 weeks,87 cases received excellent result,10 cases with good result,3 cases with fair result.The effective rate reached 97％ in the observation group,which was higher than that of the control group.Conclusions The fuming-washing appliance used for limb rehabilitation has definite clinical effect and good security,it can effectively promote the nursing quality and save rehabilitation nursing resources,meanwhile it can make use of the advantages and ef-fecfiveness of traditional Chinese medicine in the department of traumatology rehabilitation treatment.

Objective To analyze the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with osteoporosis.Methods Eighty-six patients with T2DM were selected.The patients were divided into T2DM complicated with osteoporosis group and simple T2DM group according to the BMD value.The fasting blood glucose (FBG),fasting insulin (FINS),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and course of disease were compared between the 2 groups,and the correlation was analyzed between the indexes and BMD.Ninety-three health examination people were selected as health control group.Results The rate of osteoporosis in health examination people was significantly lower than that in T2DM patients [28.0％(26/93) vs.59.3％(51/86)],there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).There were statistical differences in HbA1c,FINS,BMD,course of disease between T2DM complicated with osteoporosis group (51 cases) and simple T2DM group (35 cases) [(8.57 ± 2.59)％vs.(7.26 ±1.68)％,(13.21 ±4.73) μU/L vs.(17.54 ±5.91) μU/L,(0.764 ±0.130) g/cm2 vs.(0.993 ± 0.123) g/cm2,(11.4 ± 6.4) years vs.(8.6 ± 4.7) years,P ＜ 0.05].The BMD in patients with T2DM was negatively correlated with course of disease,HbA1c,FINS (r =-0.306,-0.185,-0.269; P ＜ 0.05 or ＜0.01),there was no correlation between BMD with FBG (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The poor long-term blood glucose control,low insulin level,long course of disease are the risk factors for T2DM complicated with osteoporosis.

Objective To explore the relationship between serum reproductive hormone levels and premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer patients.Methods We recruited healthy women and breast cancer patients who came to our hospital from September 2007 to February 2012 for routine physical examination or surgery and divided them into premenopausal healthy group Ⅰ and breast cancer group Ⅰ ;Postmenopausal healthy group Ⅱ and breast cancer group Ⅱ,with 175 cases in each group.Reproductive hormone levels was measured in all cases.Results There were significant differences among the four groups on estradiol (E2),testosterone (T),progesterone (P),luteotropic hormone (LH),follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),and prolactin (PRL) (F =76.459,57.224,82.932,161.047,74.801 and 15.246 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).In premenopausal cases:There were significant statistical difference on the levels of E2 [(61.5 ±32.2) ng/L vs.(74.1 ±41.6) ng/L],T [(48.1 ±22.2) μg/L vs.(80.1 ±41.8) μg/L],P [(2.9±1.6) μg/Lvs.(3.5 ±1.3) μg/L],LH [(1.3 ±0.9) U/L vs.(3.5 ±1.4) U/L],FSH [(14.8 ±8.9) U/L vs.(25.1 ±23.3) U/L],PRL [(15.8 ±6.7) μg/L vs.(39.4 ±27.4) μg/L] between the healthy Ⅰ group and the breast cancer Ⅰ group (P ＜ 0.05).In postmenopausal cases:There were significant statistical difference on the E2 [(18.8 ± 8.3) ng/L vs.(55.9±34.1) ng/L],T [(34.1 ±16.2) μg/L vs.(84.7 ±66.4) μg/L],P [(1.3 ±0.9) μg/L vs.(3.5 ±1.4) μg/L],LH [(38.1 ±33.7) U/L vs.(45.6 ± 31.2) U/L] in healthy group Ⅱand the breast cancer Ⅱ group (P ＜ 0.05).The difference was statistically significant on the E2 [(74.1 ± 41.6) ng/L vs.(55.9±34.1) ng/L],LH [(3.5 ±1.4) U/L vs.(45.6 ±31.2) U/L],FSH [(25.1 ±23.3) U/L vs.(70.5±58.2) U/L],PRL [(39.4 ±27.4) μg/L vs.(15.9 ±15.5) μg/L] between the breast group of premenopausal and postmenopausal (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Reproductive hormone levels has important clinical significance for the onset and development of breast cancer and provides a reference point for the treatment of menopausal and post-menopausal breast cancer.