Objective To explore the effects of air pollution on children's nonspecific immune function,and find the sensitive indexes reflecting the earlier damages of human health induced by air pollution.Methods The data on air pollution were provided by Benxi and Shenyang environment protective bureaus. 300 children in grade 1 and grade 6,half for girls and half for boys were selected from area with slight air pollution and area with heavy air pollution in Shenyang and Benxi respectively by cluster sampling method.The contents of SIgA and the activities of bacteriolytic enzyme in saliva of children were measured by radioimmunoassay and agar spread assay respectively.Results The difference of the contents of saliva SIgA was observed in children in grade 1 between area with heavy air pollution(70.60 ?g/ml)and area with slight air pollution(97.77 ?g/ml),P

Objective To study the effect of nonylphenol (NP) on the fertility of mice,and assess its reproductive and developmental toxicity.Methods 128 mature KM mice weighed 22-26 g were randomly divided into three experimental groups (24,60 and 120 mg nonylphenol/kg bw respectively) and the control group (earthnut oil ),16 in each.Fertility tests were performed according to the procedure commended by EPA.Results Sperm number,sperm vitality,fertility index and pregnancy rate decreased,while rate of deformed sperm increased in dose-dependent manner at dose of 60 and 120 mg/kg bw (P

Objective To investigate the effect of Diane-35 and metformin on blood-adipose and sex hor-mone in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) .Methods 52 cases with PCOS admitted from Jan . 2010 to Jan.2013 were selected as research objects .They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group .The control group were treated with metformin , while the observation group with metformin and Diane-35.Follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH), luteinizing hormone ( LH), testosterone ( T), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein(HDL), low-density lipoprotein(LDL)in the 2 groups of pa-tients were tested before and after treatment .Results The levels of blood-adipose and sex hormone between the 2 groups had no statistical difference (P>0.05).The level of T reduced in the control group after treatment , and there was statistical difference compared with that before treatment ( P <0.05 ) .FSH and LH levels did not change obviously in the observation group .Levels of LH and T in the observation group reduced , and had statisti-cal difference with that before treatment (P<0.05).FSH levels did not change significantly after treatment .Lev-els of LH and T had statistical difference between the 2 groups(P<0.05).Levels of TC, TG, and LDL reduced after treatment and had statistical difference compared with those before treatment ( P<0.05 ) while HDL signifi-cantly increased after treatment(P<0.05).Levels of TC, TG, HDL, and LDL between the 2 groups were signif-icantly different(P<0.05).Conclusion Metformin combined with Diane-35 are effective in improving the lev-els of blood-adipose and sex hormone in patients with PCOS .

The talent medical colleges cultivate are to serve the society, and the society also proves them .How tomerge medical education and social development together to shorten the social adaptive period of medical students is animportant issue to be studied earnestly in higher education.[

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Dushen Decoction and Zhenwu Decoction in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure (CCHF) of Yang deficiency and blood stasis type. Methods:From March 2017 to December 2019, 120 patients with CCHF of Yang-deficiency and blood stasis type admitted to Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected, and they were divided into study group and control group according to the randomized number table method, with 60 in each group. The control group was given western medicine of conventional treatment, and the study group was combined with Dushen Decoction and Zhenwu Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 1 month. Before and after treatment, TCM syndrome scores were performed, serum TNF-α, IL-17 and CRP were detected by ELISA, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) were detected by color doppler echocardiography the adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:The total effective rate was 91.7% (55/60) in the study group and 71.7% (43/60) in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=8.015, P=0.005). After treatment, the scores of palpitation, dyspnea, chilly limbs, dull tongue and edema in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=13.953, 13.915, 30.945, 32.339, 20.403, P<0.001). After treatment, LVEF [(56.28 ± 4.34)% vs. (42.47 ± 4.56)%, t=16.993] in the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01); LVEDD [(44.32 ± 6.23) mm vs. (53.81 ± 5.19) mm, t=9.066] and LVESD [(31.28 ± 4.62) mm vs. (37.51 ± 4.73) mm, t=7.299] in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment, the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-17 and CRP in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=12.644, 15.975 and 14.379, P<0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions was 6.7% (4/60) in the control group and 8.3% (5/60) in the study group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.120, P=0.729). Conclusion:Dushen Decoction and Zhenwu Decoction in the treatment of CCHF can improve the clinical symptoms, improve the cardiac function, reduce inflammatory factors, improve the treatment efficiency with good safety.

Objective:To systematically review the effects of statins in the treatment of the patients with pneumonia or sepsis, and to provide evidence-based basis for the using of statin in treatment of pneumonia or sepsis.Methods:PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP were searched for randomized placebo-controlled trials of statins published from the establishment time of datebases to January 31, 2015.The qualities of the included studies were independently assessed by two reviewers and the relevant data was extracted for analysis using Review Manager 5.3. Results:Nine trails involving a total of 1 227 patients were included.①A total of 6 studies about the mortality of hospitalized patients were included in the Meta-analysis;compared with placebo group, statins didn’t improve the mortality of hospitalized patients with pneumonia or sepsis;risk ratio (RR)= 0.83,95%CI (0.63,1.08),P=0.17.②A total of 7 studies about the rates of mechanical ventilation usage or ICU admission of the patients were included in the Meta-analysis. Compared with placebo group,statins didn’t improve the rates of mechanical ventilation usage or ICU admission of the patients with bacteria infection;RR= 0.99,95% CI (0.96,1.03),P=0.62.③A total of 4 studies about the levels of C reaction protein (CRP)were included in the Meta-analysis. Compared with placebo group, statins significantly reduced the levels of CRP;mean differences (MD)=-8.30 mg·L-1,95%CI (-12.13,-4.47),P<0.0001. Conclusion:Statins can not significantly reduce both the in-hospital mortality and the rates of mechanical ventilation usage or ICU admission, but can significantly reduce the plasma CRP levels, and reduce the inflammation.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy ( tubeless-PCNL) and ureteroscopic lithotripsy ( URL) in treatment of impacted upper-ureteral calculi ≥1.5 cm in size.Methods:Patients with ureteral stones sized ≥1.5 cm and lodged above the fourth lum-bar vertebra who were treated between September 2009 and July 2013 in Peking University People ’ s Hos-pital were retrospectively analyzed .In the study , 182 patients underwent tubeless-PCNL or URL treat-ment respectively , and the operation success rates were compared .The duration of operation , intraopera-tive blood loss ( average hemoglobin decrease ) , complications , mean hospital stay and residual stone rates were also compared.Results: Fifty-four patients underwent tubeless-PCNL treatment,the average stone size was (1.9 ±0.4) cm,nephrostomy tubes were placed in two patients ,and the operation success rate was 96.3%(52/54).In the rest of the 52 patients,and the mean operation time was (30.1 ±14.8) minutes with an average postoperative hemoglobin decrease of (10.2 ±6.1) g/L, and the mean hospital stay was (3.0 ±1.4) days.Only one of the patients had residual fragments (2%).The main complica-tions included minor perirenal hematoma in 1 patient, fever in 2 patients, elevated blood WBC in 11 patients,and analgesics requirement in 3 patients.In the study, 128 patients were treated with URL,the average stone size was (1.7 ±0.3) cm.19 procedures failed,and 10 patients were converted to PCNL, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was executed subsequently after double -J stent placement in 5 patients,and migration of calculi or stone fragments happened in 4 patients.The mean operative time was (51.3 ±25.5) minutes for the remaining 109 patients with a hemoglobin reduction of (5.2 ±7.2) g/L. The mean hospital stay was (2.9 ±1.3) days, and residual stones were found in 13 of the 109 patients (11.9%).The main complications included fever in 3 patients, elevated blood WBC in 42 patients, an-algesics requirement in 13 patients because of pain in the urethra or flank .The size of the stones between the two group didn ’ t show significant difference ,but the success rate of the tubeless-PCNL procedure was significantly higher .Except that hemoglobin decrease was slightly higher in the tubeless-PCNL group ,the mean operative time , the rate of residual stones and rate of complications of the tubeless-PCNL group were lower significantly.Conclusion:Treating stones above 4th lumbar vertebra larger than 1.5 cm were challenging .It is difficult to treat these stones with URL because of a high probability to fail , but on the contrary, tubeless-PCNL was more likely to be performed successfully .For surgeons experienced with the PCNL technology, treating stones≥1.5 cm with tubeless-PCNL procedure may turn out to be more effi-cient and with a higher operation success rate , and the risk of complications was lower without lengthe-ning the postoperative hospital stay .

OBJECTIVETo study active constituents of Macropanax rosthornii in treating rheumatoid arthritis.

METHODSilica gel column chromatography, preparative HPLC and modern spectrum techniques were applied for a systematic study on chemical constituents contained in M. rosthornii.

RESULTTwelve compounds were separated from M. rosthornii and identified as serratagenic acid (1), serjanic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), 6beta-hydroxy-3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (4), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl serratagenic acid (5), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl serratagenic acid-29-methyl ester (6) , 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl serratagenic acid-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (7), scopoletin (8), beta-sitosterol (9), daucosterol (10), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (11), and stearic acid (12).

CONCLUSIONAbove compounds are separated from M. rosthornii for the first time.

Objective:To determine the content of copper and zinc in tea by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and to investigate the influence on the content after leached for different time. Methods:The tea samples were leached for different time by boiling water and then the content of copper and zinc was determinated by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results:When the leaching time was less than 10 min, the content of copper and zinc increased significantly with the prolongation of the leaching time, while the increase was not obvious when the leaching time was more than 10 min. Copper and zinc showed good linearity in the range of 0.02-0.15 mg/L and 0.05-0.30 mg/L,separately. The recovery was in the range of 98.5%-101.1%for copper and 98.7%-101.2%for zinc with the RSD of 0.8%in copper and zinc (n=9) . Conclusion:The method is suitable to determine the content of copper and zinc in tea. Leaching time can influence the content of copper and zinc in tea significantly.

Objective To investigate the effects of human milk fortifier on premature infant's cardiac function.Methods From January 2014 to December 2016, sixty premature infants of paediatric preterm infants were selected from Daqing Longnan Hospital,Heilongjiang province. The random number table method was divided into 30 cases (milk feeding and strengthening agent) and the control group of 30 cases (pure milk feeding).The heart rate of premature infant was measured before, during and after using human milk fortifier. After using human mike fortifier for 1 week, heart rate, electrocardiogram (p-wave duration, QRS wave duration, P-R interval, incidence of arrhythmia), echocardiogram (LVEF, RVEF, E/A ratio of mitral and tricuspid valves) and myocardial enzymes (the quantity of AST, LDH, CK and CK-MB) were compared between experimental group and control group.Results The heart rate of premature infant during using human milk fortifier was significantly faster than those before and after using human milk fortifier and that of children in the control group (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in electrocardiogram (p-wave duration, QRS wave duration, P-R interval), the systolic and diastolic function of the heart and myocardial enzymes between the experimental and control groups (P>0.05).Conclusions Human milk fortifier can increase the heart rate of premature infant, and has no harmful effect on cardiac electrical activity, pump function and myocardial enzymes.