Objective To study the effect of anti-mutation of Chinese medicinal herb Poly gala tenui folia willd on T lymphocyte proliferation in spleen. Methods The micronucleus test of mouse bone marrow cell (MNT): thirty mice were divided into six groups (n = 5) , negative control (NS) , cyclophosphamide group (CP 3. 0 mg ? kg-1) , Poly gala tenui folia willd antimutagenesis groups (Polygala tenui folia willd with dosage of 0.5, 1.0. 2.0, 4.0 g ? kg-1 + CP 30 mg ? kg-1 ). The improved method was used to detect the micro-nuclei frequency. Lymphocyte transformation test: twenty-four mice were divided into four groups (n = 6), saline control , CP control (3.0 mg ? kg-1), Polygala tenui folia willd (2.0 g ? kg-1), Polygala tenui folia willd + CP (2. 0 g ? kg-1 Polygala tenuifolia willd + CP 30 mg ? kg- ) group. MTT assay was used to calculate the stimulation index (SI). Results The micro-nuclei frequency was significant difference between Poly gala tenui folia willd antimutagenesis groups and CP groups (P

0. 05) while UDS was induced by Polygala tenyi folia willd with various doses comparing with normal control. Nevertheless, Polygala tenyi folia willd in doses ranged from 1. 0 to 4. 0 g ? kg-1 inhibited strikingly UDS induced by Pb (CH3COO)2 (P

Objective To investigate the effect of oral exercise method combined with shaker exercise on dysphagia in patients with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods 112 patients with dysphagia caused by cerebral hemor-rhage were randomly divided into control group (28 cases,conventional treatment),oral exercise method group (28 cases,conventional treatment combined with oral exercise method),shaker exercise group (28 cases,conventional treatment combined with shaker exercise)and combination group (28 cases,conventional treatment combined with oral exercise method and shaker exercise).Four groups were assessed with video fluoroscopic swallowing study (VF-SS)before treatment and after treatment.Results (1)There were no differences on VFSS among four groups before treatment (P >0.05).After treatment,there were significant differences on VFSS among four groups(F =9.40,P <0.05).Combination group[(8.68 ±4.74)points]with the highest score,followed by shaker exercise group[(6.52 ± 3.12)points]and oral exercise method group[(6.43 ±2.84)points],control group[(3.96 ±2.02)points]with the lowest score.There were no differences on VFSS between before treatment and after treatment in control groups (F =0.945,P >0.05).In the remaining groups,the scores of VFSS after treatment were significant higher than that of before treatment (P <0.05).(2)The total effective rate in combination group was higher than that of the remaining groups(χ2 =37.76,P <0.01).Combination group (96.43%)combined with the highest total effective rate,followed by shaker exercise group (75.00%)and oral exercise method group (71.43%),control group (21.42%)combined with the lowest total effective rate.Conclusion The application of oral exercise method combined with shaker exercise on patients with dysphagia caused by cerebral hemorrhage could improve the swallowing function.

Objective To explore the intervention effect of active fraction of Angelica Sinensis Radix in mice under high altitude hypoxia condition. Methods Totally 72 healthy SPF mice were randomly divided into control group (K), model group (M), Rhodiola rosea group, and active fraction of Angelica Sinensis Radix groups (B, C, X). The mice were administerted corresponding treatment by gavage for 21 days. Control mice were given normal saline in same volume. From the 8th day, all mice excepted control mice were exposed to high altitude hypoxia cabin after 0.5 hour gavage treament. On the 22nd day, after got out of the cabin and their body weight were measured, mice were put to death through eyeball blood sampling to prepare splenic lymphocyte suspension. The proliferation and transformation capacities of lymphocyte cell and killing activity of NK cells were detected by MTT. The content of IL-2 in the serum of mice in each group were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the control group, the body weight of mice, the proliferation and transformation capacities of lymphocyte cell, the killing activity of NK cells, and the content of IL-2 were all significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Experiment tests showed that the proliferation and transformation abilities of lymphocyte cell and the killing activity of NK cells were all increased in the mice of group B, C, and X compared with those of the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The stimulate index of lymphocyte cell was raised after X intervention compared with those of the model group (P<0.05). The content of IL-2 in the serum was enhanced after intervention of active fraction C and X of Angelica Sinensis Radix compared with those of the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Active fraction of Angelica Sinensis Radix shows increasing immunological function of mice exposed to hypoxia.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hepatitis B virus(HBV) re-infection after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG)combined with nucleos(t)ide analogues. Methods The study included 160 patients with HBVrelated liver diseases who underwent OLT in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from October 2003 to Augest 2007, 117 of whom were treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues before OLT;and all patients were received HBIG i. m and nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment after OLT. Preoperative data of the patients were retrospectively reviewed, and HBV re-infection was assessed prospectively. Independent t test was used to compare normally distributed data and Fisher's exact test was used for the comparison of rates among groups. Results HBV re-infection Was observed in 19 patients after OLT with a rate of 11. 88%(19/160), which was not correlated with HBV DNA loads, HBeAg and the duration of antiviral therapy before OLT(r=0.108, 0.127 and 0.033, P>0.05). Of 19 patients with HBV re-infection, 17 were treated with lamivudine after OLT, and HBV YMDD mutants were detected in 8. The YMDD positive group had a higher HBV DNA level than YMDD negative group(7.0 ± 2.0 log copies/mL vs 3.2 ± 2.5 log copies/mL, t = 3.531, P=0.003). Among above 17 patients, 12 received adefovir add-on treatment, and3 received entecavir instead of lamivadine; all achieved satisfactory responses. Conclusions Low dose of HBIG combined with long-term use of nucleos(t)ide analogues can effectively prevent HBV re-infection after OLT. HBV YMDD mutation may be the primary reason for HBV re-infection in the patients treated with lamivudine after OLT.

Objective To evaluate the long-term prognosis of patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis after treatment with nucleos (t) ide analogues. Methods Totally 94 patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis were enrolled, 53 in nucleos(t) ide group, 41 in control group, and both received routine treatments. Patients in nucleos (t)ide analogue group also received lamivudine ( 100 mg/d), or adefovir ( 10 mg/d), or entecavir (0.5 rag/d). The follow-up was terminated for those who developed hepatocellular carcinoma, received liver transplantation, died or refused the treatment. Serum biochemical markers, Child-Pugh grades and clinical outcomes were compared between two groups at the end of following up. Results After nucleos (t) ide analogues therapy, ALT, AST, globulin ( Glb), and TBil decreased, while Alb and cholinesterase (CHE) increased in the nucleos(t)ide group, and Chiid-Pugh scores decreased in 43 (81.1%) patients. While in the control group, ALT, AST, Glb and TBil did not show significant changes, but the CHE was significantly lower than before ( t = 5. 225, P < 0. 01 ). More patients in nucleos (t)ide group showed improvements in Child-Pugh grades, and there was significant difference between the two groups (X2 = 52.16, P <0.01). The incidence of HCC is lower in nucleos(t) ide group (0%) than that in the control group ( 19.5% ) ( X2 = 23.07, P < 0.01 ). The incidence of death and liver transplantation between two groups did not show siguificant difference. Conclusions Nucleos(t) ide analogues therapy can significantly improve biochemical status of liver functions in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma may decline and the long-term prognosis can be improved.

Objective To examine the stability of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)during serum incubation at different temperature and time periods.Methods Ten healthy volunteers (4 males and 6 females,aged 24 to 59 years)from Beijing Hospital were recruited in May 2015.Fasting venous blood samples were collected and centrifuged to separate the sera.Serum samples were incubated at 4℃ for 24 h,25℃for 0,1,8 and 24 h (with or without an LCAT inhibitor).Serum to-tal cholesterol (TC),total free cholesterol (TFC)HDL-C and HDL-FC were measured by the HPLC Method.Results HDL-FC and HDL-C changed -6.91% and -2.17% during serum incubation at 4℃for 24h.TFC,HDL-FC and HDL-C changed significantly (averaged -13.70%,-25.88% and -1.53% respectively)during serum incubation at 25℃ for 24 h,in which the decrease of TFC and HDL-FC were inhibited by the addition of the LCAT inhibitor.The decrease of HDL-C was even higher in the presence of the LCAT inhibitor.Conclusion Serum TFC,HDL-C and HDL-FC levels changed during serum incubations,which were caused by the LCAT and CETP activities and the transfer of cholesterol among lipoproteins. For accurate measurement of serum HDL-C,prolonged serum storage should be avoided in clinical laboratories.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of first-line CHOP or CHOP-like regimen on patients with advanced staged angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL).Methods Between Aug 2006 and Sep 2014,twenty-nine AITL patients who were newly diagnosed without prior treatment were included in study.The clinical features,efficacy and survival were analyzed retrospectively.Results Median age of these patients was 59 years old.All patients had stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ disease.17 (58.6 ％) cases presented with B symptoms.26 (89.7 ％) cases had an international prognostic index (IPI) score ≥2,and 20 (69.0 ％) cases had elevated LDH,9 (31.0 ％) cases had ≥2 extranodal involvements.The median follow-up time was 20 months.Overall response rate was 69.0 ％ (20/29).Five (17.2 ％) patients achieved complete remission (CR+CRu),15 (51.7 ％) patients achieved partial remission,and 3 (10.3 ％) patients had stable disease (SD),6 (20.7 ％) patients had progressive diseases(PD).Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6 months.1-and 2-year PFS rates were 39.0 ％ and 20.0 ％.1-,2-and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for all patients were 76.8 ％,53.4 ％ and 17.1％,respectively.PFS was significantly better in chemotherapy-sensitive patients (P ＜ 0.001).The responses to chemotherapy had a tendency of affecting the OS,but it failed to reach statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The CHOP or CHOP-like regimen maybe induce unfavorable efficacy in AITL patients.Further therapeutic options are required to improve the outcome.

Objective:To analyze cytokine pattern of systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SOJIA) combined with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in children, and study the early diagnostic value in MAS.Methods:The clinical data of 157 children with SOJIA from January 2013 to March 2018 in Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, SOJIA combined with MAS was in 15 cases (SOJIA combined with MAS group), and simple SOJIA was in 142 cases (simple SOJIA group). The peripheral blood levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ were measured by flow cytometry cytometric beads array. The characteristics of cytokine pattern was analyzed.Results:The IL-10 and IFN-γ in SOJIA combined with MAS group were significantly higher than those in simple SOJIA group: 40.5 (7.9, 236.9) ng/L vs. 4.1 (2.0, 98.7) ng/L and 55.8 (18.5, 500.0) ng/L vs. 4.4 (1.4, 30.1) ng/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01); there were no statistical difference in IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-α between 2 groups (P>0.05). Pearson correlation analysis result showed that IL-10 was positive correlated with IFN-γ in SOJIA children with MAS ( r = 0.638, P = 0.011). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis result showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of IFN-γ in predicting MAS was 0.991, 95% CI 0.974 to 1.000, the optimal critical value was 18.45 ng/L, the sensitivity was 92.5%, and the specificity was 95.1%; the AUC of IL-10 in predicting MAS was 0.944 (95% CI 0.893 to 0.996), the optimal critical value was 7.75 ng/L, the sensitivity was 91.7%, and the specificity was 81.7%. Conclusions:The significant increased IL-10 and IFN-γ is helpful for the early diagnosis MAS in children with SOJIA.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer. In recent years, with the rapid development of immunotherapy, checkpoint inhibitors, especially programmed death factor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death factor ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, have made breakthrough progress in the treatment of NSCLC, breaking the pattern of low efficiency and extensive resistance to targeted therapy of traditional chemoradiotherapy, bringing survival benefits to patients. This article reviews the clinical research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced NSCLC.