Objective To explore the clinical effects of single-agent Xeloda (Capecitabine) therapy and the related risk factors in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Method Seventy-eight patients with advanced colorectal cancer were treated with oral Xeloda, 1250 mg/m 2 twice daily, on days 1-14 every 21 days. At least 2 cycles were administered. The short-term clinical effects were evaluated, and the related risk factors were tested by Logistic regression analysis. Results The overall response rate was 32.05%with 5 cases complete response (CR), 20 cases partial response (PR), 31 cases stable disease (SD), 22 cases progress disease (PD). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the age (OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.015~2.319), fast blood glucose (OR=1.30, 95%CI 1.483~3.677), albumin (OR=1.98, 95%CI 1.526~2.572), ALT (OR=2.37, 95%CI 1.621~3.509) and AST (OR=2.21, 95%CI 1.526~2.572) were independent risk factors for inefficient treatment. Conclusion The single-agent Xeloda (Capecitabine) is an efficacious treatment for the patients with advanced colorectal cancer. However, the inefficient rate is also high and it relates to a variety of factors. We should comprehensively evaluate the patients to improve the short-term clinical effects.

Objective To study efficacy and safety of large dose of pamidronate disodium in treatment for patients with painful bone metastasis of prostate cancer. Methods A total of 100 patients with painful bone metastasis of prostate cancer were randomized into large dose group and conventional dose group, with 50 cases each. Pamidronate disodium was administered by intravenous infusion, 90 mg on the first day and 60 mg on the second day for large dose group, and 60 mg on the first day and 30 mg on the second day for conventional dose group, respectively, every 4 weeks for two courses. Changes of pain,mobility, quality of life and adverse effect in patients before and after treatment were observed. Results After treatment, pain was relieved in 43 of 50 patients ( 86% ) in large dose group, significantly more than that in conventional dose group (21/50, 42% ) (χ2 = 22.79, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Both mobility and quality of life were improved in 39 and 33 patients ( 87% and 66% ), respectively in large dose group and 21 and 18 (46% and 36% ), respectively in conventional dose group (χ2 = 17.04 and 9. 00, P ＜0. 01 ). No severe adverse effect in both groups was observed. Conclusions Pain in patients with bone metastasis of prostate cancer can be significantly relieved with large dose of pamidronate disodium, as well as their quality of life improved.

Tumor occurrence is usually recognized as the interplay between genetic variations within the tumor and the environment. During a long time, great effort has been made in killing cancer cells. However, the role of tumor microenvironment has been largely ignored, which plays an important role in tumor generation, growth, invasion and metastasis. Meanwhile, tumor microenvironment not only facilitates the tumor infiltration, but also promotes the exchange of enzymes and cytokines to aid tumor proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal. Thus, better understanding of tumor microenvironment shows great importance. Recent developments in nanotechnology have brought new approaches to cancer diagnosis and therapy. Nanoparticles were suggested to show enhanced efficacy, while simultaneously reducing side effects and promoting bioavailability, owing to properties such as tumor localization and active cellular uptake. Additionally, nanoparticle surface chemistry has evolved from conventional synthetic polymers to more biologically inspired strategies, including cell membrane and self-recognition peptides, to minimize nonspecific uptake of nanoparticles. In the current review, we highlight the targets in tumor microenvironment and the strategies of nano drug delivery system to target tumor microenvironment for the treatment of cancer. We also highlight design considerations to improve nano drug delivery.

Objective To analyze and estimate, the treatment of patients with histologically confirmed subependymal giant-cell astroeytoma (SEGCA). Methods The data from 23 patients with SEG-CA who were diagnosed between February 1995 and February 2008 were retrospectively evaluated. Various combinations of surgery and radiotherapy had been used for treatment. Results Total resection was 16 cases, subtotal resection was 7 cases, radiotherapy was 17 cases. The average follow-up time was 53 months.One postoperative SEGCA recurrence. Epilepsy was totally disappeared in 17.6% (3/17), partly disappeared in 47.1%(8/17). All cases survived. Conclusions The key of treatment is total resection. The significance of radiotherapy is not sure. The overall prognosis of SEGCA is favorable.

A total of 225 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) admitted to the General Hospital of Shaoxing Second Hospital Medical community from May 5, 2020 to May 28, 2022 were enrolled (CRC group), and 101 healthy subjects underwent colorectal examination were selected as the control group. The tissue biopsy samples of all subjects were obtained by colonoscopy, and subjected to Sanger sequencing to determine the polymorphism sites of the syndecan-2 (SDC2) gene. The association between SDC single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and colorectal cancer in CRC patients was analyzed with logistic regression. The logistic regression analysis showed that the gene polymorphism of SDC2 rs2515127 was associated with colorectal cancer ( OR=1.643, 95% CI: 1.025-2.337, P=0.012). The frequency of GG, AG and AA the in genotypes of SDC2 rs2515127 was 60.7% (102/168), 30.4% (51/168) and 8.9% (15/168), respectively. The results showed that the gene polymorphism of SDC2 rs2515127 was associated with colorectal cancer, and the frequencies of GG and AG genotypes were higher in the genotypes of SDC2 rs2515127.