Acupuncture scientization was a consensus of most of acupuncture scholars who had long-term perspectives in the 20th century, among them Ms. ZHULian was the important one. Ms. ZHU Lian built a systemic new acupuncture" academic structure in practice and theory aspects. At the same time, as the main architect of Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ms. ZHU Lian was the first one who began to carry out the acupuncture clinical trail and laboratory experiment in modern way, which meant "acupuncture therapy" was transformed into "acupuncture science" by Ms. ZHULian's endeavor.
Acupuncture ; education ; history ; standards ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; standards ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Science ; history

Objective To survey the effect of innovation of rural water supply and latrine improvement to the control of the incidence of diarrheal disease in Sichuan Province,to provide the scientific basis to the prevention and treatment of diarrheal disease.Methods Research and analyze the condition of the rural water supply innovation,latrine improvement and the incidence of diarrheal disease on 12 administrative villages in Luojiang and Danling County from Dec.2006 to Sep.2007.Results Among the 1 659 houses under research,the main type of water supply is non-central water supply,accounting for 92.65%.The main origin of central water supply is underground water,accounting for 83.6%.Only 716 houses have sanitary latrine,accounting for 43.16%,the main type of sanitary latrine is marsh gas pool,accounting for 96.79%.The main type of non-sanitary latrine is dry latrine without leak,accounting for 92.79%.Mongzi,Longtan,Shihe and Meiwan are both water supply and latrine innovated countries,Yujiaan,Minghui are only latrine innovated countries,Mingyue,Wuying and Sanyan are noninnovated countries.During the 20 551 persons under research for four times,192 persons have diarrheal symptom.The annual incidence is 0.93%.The diarrheal disease for both water supply and latrine innovated country,either water supply or latrine innovated country,non-innovated country is 0.70%(48/6 872),0.91%(77/8 506),1.30%(67/5 173).There is significant discrepancy(?2=11.486,P0.05).The incidence of diarrheal disease of latrine improvement country is lower than none-latrine improvement country.There is significant discrepancy(?2=15.061,P

The origin,distribution,chemical structure and biological properties of okadaic acid are described in this paper.Research prospects of okadaic acid and several research fields with priority are proposed according to the present research progress in China.

Objective To explore the feasibility and proper time of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)for the treatment of gallstones complicated with acute biliary pancreatitis(ABP).Methods From January 1999 to August 2007,72 patients with gallstones complicated with ABP were treated with LC in our department.Among the patients,early LC was performed on 56 cases when their symptoms of pancreatitis were relieved,elective LC was carried out in 8 patients,while emergent LC was required in the other 8 patients because of failure of conservative treatment.Results The LC was successfully completed in all the cases with a mean operation time of 63 min(30-135 min),and a mean blood loss of 50 ml(20-230 ml).Intraoperative cholangiography was carried out in 5 patients,4 of them were diagnosed as having stones in the lower common bile duct,and were then cured by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)and endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)after LC.Only one patient was converted to open surgery.No perioperative death,or postoperative biliary hemorrhage or leakage occurred in this series.After the operation,pathological examinations revealed multiple small or sand-like stones in the resected gallbladders.The patients were followed up for 2 months to 8 years(mean 19 months);during this period,no recurrent pancreatitis or cholelithiasis was found.Conclusions LC is feasible and safe for patients with gallstones complicated with acute pancreatitis at early stage if perioperative treatments has been properly carried out.Preoperative MRCP,intraoperative cholangiography,and postoperative EST are essential auxiliary techniques for the treatment.

AIM:To investigate the role of 1,4,5-trisphosphate inositol(IP3)and Fas gene expression in apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by quercetin.METHODS:HepG2 cells were treated with quercetin at different concentrations(including 20,40,60,80 ?mol/L)for 72 h and treated with 60 ?mol/L quercetin for 6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h.IP3,Fas mRNA,Fas protein and apoptosis rate were assayed by IP3-3H Birtrak assay,RT-PCR,Western blotting and flow cytometry,respectively.RESULTS:When HepG2 cells were incubated with different concentrations of quercetin for 72 h,the IP3 content was lower than those in control.Fas mRNA expression,Fas protein expression and the apoptosis rate were higher than those in control.When HepG2 cells were incubated with quercetin for 6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h,the IP3 contents were lower than those in control incubated with 60 ?mol/L quercetin for 12 h.Fas mRNA expression was higher than that in control incubated with 60 ?mol/L quercetin for 12 h.Fas protein expression was higher than that in control.The apoptosis rate was significantly higher than that in control incubated with 60 ?mol/L quercetin for 24 h(P

AIM: To probe into the role of 1,4,5-trisphosphate inositol(IP3) and bcl-2 gene expression in inhibiting hepatocellular carcinoma of nude mice by genistein.METHODS: Animals with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with genistein 1 mg?kg-1?d-1(ip) for 3 weeks.The volume and weight of tumaor were measured.IP3,bcl-2 mRNA,Bcl-2 protein were assayed by IP3- Birtrak assay,RT-PCR,Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS: The tumor volume and weight of animals treated with genistein were lower than those in control(42.7mm3?27.8mm3 vs 52.3mm3?26.5mm3,42.7mg?27.8 mg vs 91.3mg?31.4 mg).IP3 content was lower than that in control [(13.4?1.4)nmol/g protein vs(35.3?6.6)nmol/g protein].bcl-2 mRNA expression was lower in group treated with genistein than that in control(RI which was the gray degree multiply area of bcl-2 / the gray degree multiply area of ?-actin 0.48?0.02 vs 0.56?0.15).Bcl-2 protein expression was lower in group treated with genistein than that in control(RI 1.69?0.52 vs 1.37?0.48).CONCLUSION: Genistein inhibits growth of transplanted hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mouse liver by reducing IP3 production and down-regulating bcl-2 gene expression.

Objective To indentify the effect of hemodialysis(HD) and continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the patients with acute renal failure (ARF). Methods Of 28 patients with ARF, 19 received HD and 9 underwent CVVH. HGF concentrations in patients serum and ultrafiltrate were measured by ELISA. Results Compared with the controls, serum HGF concentration increased significantly in ARF patients (P

AIM: To probe into the role of 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate inositol (IP_3) and survivin protein in apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by genistein. METHODS: HepG2 cells were treated with 60 ?mol/L genistein for 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. IP_3, survivin and apoptosis rate were assayed by IP_3-[~3H] Birtrak assay, Western blotting and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS: IP_3 in groups incubated for 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h with 60 ?mol/L genistein were significantly lower than that in control (P

In the paper,in vitro degradation of DL polylactic acid (PDLLA) film was studied.Regulation and tendency of degradation were showed by molecular weight regulator and monomer ration mass lossing.Degradation mechanism was discussed in light.It was thought that degradation of PDLLA in vitro was a simple hydrolysis reaction.The hydrolysis reaction was self catalytic reaction caused by terminal carboxyl group.

AIM: To investigate the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST36) on proinflammatory factors induced-multiple organ dysfunction in rats with sepsis. METHODS: Sixty four male Wastar rats were used to develop the sepsis model by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=16 in each group): CLP+EA (CLP/EA), CLP+sham EA (CLP/SEA), vagotomy+ CLP+SEA (VA/CLP/SEA) and vagotomy+CLP+EA (VA/CLP/EA). Zusanli point (ST36) was electroacupunctured with constant voltage (2-100 Hz, 2 mA for 0.5 h) 20 min after CLP surgery. Bilateral cervical vagotomies were performed in rats in VA/CL/SEA and VA/CLP/EA groups. Twelve hours after CLP, animals were sacrificed and liver, kidney and jejunum were harvested for evaluating the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and diamine oxidase (DAO). The rate of water content (WCR) of the organs was determined. At the same time, the plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and creatinine (Cr) in each group were also detected. RESULTS: The levels of ALT and Cr in plasma, as well as TNF-α, MPO and WCR in organ tissues were markedly lower, and the activity of DAO in jejunum tissue was obviously higher than that in CLP/SEA group at 12 h after CLP (all P<0.05). The levels of ALT, Cr, TNF-α, MPO and WCR in VA/CLP/SEA group and VA/CLP/EA group were significantly higher, the activity of DAO was obviously lower than that in CLP/SEA group (all P<0.05). No statistical difference in all above measurements between VA/CLP/EA group and VA/CLP/SEA) group was observed (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that EA at Zusanli point obviously decreases the levels of TNF-α in liver, kidney and jejunum tissues after CLP, and alleviates the tissue edema and dysfunction of those organs. Vagotomy decreases or eliminates the effects of EA, suggesting that activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is one of the main mechanisms to induce the effects of EA at ST36 on CLP sepsis.