Objective To establish a quality standard of Shutongantai Capsules. Methods Thermo C18 column was used with methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, detection wavelength was 254 nm, and column temperature was 30 ℃. Results Emodin showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.016-0.080 μg (r=0.999 6). Chrysophanol showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.032-0.160 μg (r=0.999 8). Conclusion The established method is simple, feasible and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control of Shutongantai Capsules.

Objective To evaluate the role of bispectral index (BIS) in assessing the depth of sedation in hypogastric operation of children. Methods Forty children undergoing hypogastric operation were divided into two groups with 20 cases each by pre-school (age 3-5) (Ⅰ group) and school (age 6-12)(Ⅱ group). Sedation was solely maintained with TCI propofol. The infusion was adjusted till adequate scdation (OAA/S≤ 1 score) before sacral block. The course of propofol infusion and BIS of recovery period were closely observed. Sedation scores were assessed by special anesthetists. Results During recovery period, the mean values of BIS were gradually increased, when BIS > 76 predicted 94% sensitivity and 50% specificity in Ⅰ group, 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity in Ⅱ group. ROC area under the curve of the two groups were 0.917 ± 0.007, 0.955 ± 0.004. Conclusions BIS can predict fairly well the level of consciences during recovering periods. BIS monitoring is an effective and reliable method to guide children recovery.

Objective To build a method for determination of berberine, epiberberine, coptisine and palmatine in Shutongantai Capsules by HPLC.Methods Thermo C18 column (5μm, 4.0 mm× 250 mm) was used with acetonitrile-0.05 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (50∶50, 0.4 g sodium dodecyl sulfate was added in each 100 mL solution, to adjust the pH 4.0 with phosphoric acid) as mobile phase;the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;detection wavelength was 345 nm;column temperature was 30℃.Results Berberine hydrochloride showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.180 34-0.901 68μg (r=0.999 8).Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control of Shutongantai Capsules.

Objective To understand the awareness degree and the dietary intake of acrylamide (AA) in food among preventive medicine professional undergraduate students in a university of Xianyang city .Methods 28 kinds of fried and baked food frequently eaten by undergraduates were selected as the respondents .The food-frequency method was adopted to perform the questionnaire in-vestigation on 248 undergraduates sampled from grade 1-5 of preventive medicine professional undergraduate students by the clus-ter sampling .Results More than 38 .71% of the investigated students had never known about the acrylamide ,32 .26% of the inves-tigated students had heard but did not know what it was ,11 .26% students knew about its hazard .The AA dietary intake was about 31 .57 μg/d per person ,and there was no statistical difference in the AA dietary intake between different sexes and grades .Conclu-sion The awareness degree of AA among investigated preventive medicine professional undergraduates is relatively low .Therefore it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of the AA-related food safety knowledge .

Adult acquired aortic disease such as aortic dissection,aortic aneurysm,is common,and the treatment is complicated.Furthermore,the specific molecular etiology of this kind of disease is unknown.MicroRNA,which is a short peptide molecule,to some extent,participated in almost every aspect of biological functions.This paper aims to review the role of microRNA in molecular etiology of adult acquired aortic disease.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of induction with sevoflurane-midaaolam-remifentanil for tracheal intubation without muscle relaxants in patients with huge mediastinal tumor.Methods Twenty-two ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients with huge mediastinal tumor,aged 22-64 yr,weighing 48-76 kg,scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia,were enrolled in this study.Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midaaolam 0.03 mg/kg and inhalation of 8％ sevoflurane through a mask.Sevoflurane was inhaled at the initial concentration of 8％,followed by decrement of 2％ every 30 s until 4％.When the eyelash reflex disappeared,remifentani1 2 μ g/kg was injected slowly over I min and sevoflurane inhalation was stopped 30 s later.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.MAP and HR were recorded before induction and immediately before and 1 min after inlubation.The time of disappearance of eyelash reflex was recorded.The inlubation condition was evaluated using VibyMogensen score.Results The time period from sevoflurane inhalation to disappearance of eyelash reflex was(110 ± 14)s.The success rate of tracheal intubation at the first attempt was 86％.The position of the glottis was higher in 2 patients,and tracheal intubation was successfully performed under the guide of fiberoptic bronchoscope.The satisfactory intubation conditions were found in 86％ of cases.Compared with that before anesthesia induclion,MAP and HR were significantly decreased immediately after intubation and at 1 min after intubation(P ＜ 0.05).SpO2 ＞ 95％ in all patients.BIS was maintained at 45-55 during the period(before intubation until 1 min after intubation).Conclusion Induction with sevoflurane-midazolam-remifenlail is rapid and smooth,provides good conditions for intubation and can be applied to tracheal intubation without muscle relaxants in patients with huge mediastinal tumor.

Objective To discuss the timing and procedures of reoperations on the residual aortic dissection after initial ascending aortic operations on Stanford type A aortic dissection.Methods From March 2009 to November 2011,16 consecutive patients(13 males,3 females) underwent reoperations on the residual aortic dissection.The mean age was 44 years(23-61 years),8 cases was associated with Marfan syndrome.The right axillary artery or femoral artery cannulation was used for cardiopulmonary bypass,cerebral protection was achieved by unilateral antegrade brain perfusion and nasopharyngeal temperature was dropped to 20℃-25℃.The Sun's procedure (total arch replacement with stented elephant trunk implantation) was performed in all patients,concomitant procedure include aortic root replacement (Bentall procedune) in 3 patients,aortic root replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting (Bentall + CABG) in 1 patient,the coronary artery anastomotic leakage repair in 1 patient,mitral valve replacement (MVR) in 1 patient.Results The interval between two operations averaged(66 ±40)months.The means of cardiopulmonary bypass,cross clamp and selective cerebral perfusion times were(193 ± 49)minutes,(90 ±28) minutes and(22 ± 10) minutes,respectively.The mean time to tracheal extubation was(17 ± 10) hours.All patients survived from the operation.One patient suffered from temporary left lower limb paralysis and recovered after treatment during follow-up.Computed tomography angiography (CTA)of aorta was performed on each patient before discharged from the hospital:descending aortic true lumen was significantly expanded,thrombosis of false lumen was found near stent graft.The average follow-up time was 17 (3-42) months,one patient died of aortic rupture 3 months later,one patient underwent total thoracoabdominal aorta replacement 6 months later,one patient with descending thoracic aortic dilatation combined with endometrial tear underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair.Conclusion Reoperation should be performed as the following condition:the annual growth rate of residual aortic diameter exceeds 0.5 cm/year,the maximal aortic diameter exceeds 5 cm.The Sun's procedure (total arch replacement with the elephant trunk implantation) is safe and effective in the treatment of residual aortic dissection,low mortality and complications was achieved by it,the mid-and long-term results need the further follow-up.

Objective To investigate the expression of activated ERK (p-ERK) and activated p38 (p-p38) in the keratinocytes of condyloma acuminata (CA) lesions. Methods Fifty cases of HPV 6/11 CA were diagnosed by in situ hybridization. The expression and distribution of p-ERK and p-p38 in CA lesions and 25 normal human skins (foreskins) were detected by immunohistochemistry technique (En Vision). Results ①The results showed that the expression of p-ERK and p-p38 in keratinocytes of CA lesions were significantly higher than those in normal epidermis (P

Objective To evaluate the relationship between histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) expression and the mechanism underlying mitigation of remifentanil postconditioning-induced protection of diabetic cardiomyocytes.Methods H9c2 cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 culture medium supplemented with 10％ fetal bovine serum.The cells were seeded in 6-well plates (2 ml/well) at a density of 105 cells/ml.After the cells were cultured for 12 h,the cells were attached to the wall and cultured for 48 h in the normoglycemic (5.5 mmol/L) or hyperglycemic (25 mmol/L) DMEM culture medium.The cells were then randomly divided into 6 groups (n =18 each) using a random number table:control group (group CON),hypoxia/reoxygenation group (group H/R),remifentanil postconditioning group (group RPC),hyperglycemia group (group HG),hyperglycemia plus hypoxia/reoxygenation group (group HG-H/R),and hyperglycemia plus remifentanil postconditioning group (group HG-RPC).In H/R,RPC,HG-H/R and HG-RPC groups,the cells were exposed to 95％ N2-5％ CO2 in an incubator for 5 h after changing the culture medium for Tyrode solution.In H/R and HG-H/R groups,the culture medium was changed to the DMEM/F12 culture medium supplemented with 10％ fetal bovine serum and glucose at the corresponding concentration,and the cells were then incubated for 1 h.In RPC and HG-RPC groups,the cells were incubated in the DMEM culture medium containing remifentanil at the final concentration of 1 μmol/L,and the cells were then incubated for 1 h.At 1 h of reoxygenation,the cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay,the cell apoptosis was detected by AnnexinV-FITC/PI flow cytometry,and the expression of HDAC3 and caspase-3 in cells was detected by Western blot.The apoptotic rate was calculated.Results Compared with group CON,the cell viability was significantly decreased,the cell apoptotic rate was significantly increased,and the expression of caspase-3 and HDAC3 was significantly up-regulated in group H/R (P＜ 0.05).Compared with group H/R,the cell viability was significantly increased,the apoptotic rate was significantly decreased,and the expression of caspase-3 and HDAC3 was significantly down-regulated in group RPC (P＜0.05).Compared with group HG,the cell viability was significantly decreased,the apoptotic rate was significantly increased,and the expression of cspase-3 and HDAC3 was significantly up-regulated in group HG-H/R (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between group HG-RPC and group HG-H/R (P＞0.05).Conclusion The mechanism underlying mitigation of remifentanil postconditioning-induced protection of diabetic cardiomyocytes is associated with hyperglycemia-induced up-regulation of HDAC3 expression.

Objective This study aimed at exploring the causative genes and summarizing the clinical characteristics in two Chinese families with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection ( TAAD ) .Methods The whole exome capture and high throughput sequencing were applied to identify the causative gene.Family members were examined for features of syndromic ge-netic diseases by clinician and geneticist.Results Four known TAAD candidate genes were identified in family TAA01:rs140598(FBN1), rs185661462(MYH11), rs77620762(MYLK3), and rs111426349(TGFBR1).The TGFBR1 mutation (c.1459C>T) had been confirmed to co-segregate with the TAAD phenotype in all affected family members.Early onset of aortic root dilatation was significant in this family , and the average age at diagnosis of aortic root dilatation or aneurysm was23. 2 years.ACTA2(c.445C>T) was proved in family TAA02, and livedo reticularis was confirmed.Conclusion The causa-tive genes were identified via whole exome capture and high throughput sequencing in two TAAD families .Early onset of aortic root aneurysm was proved in TAA01, while livedo reticularis was found in TAA02.