Objective To investigate the effect and safety of Huoxue Yishen Decoction and Western medicine in treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis,in order to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods 67 cases with chronic glomerulonephritis admitted in People's hospital of Lanxi City from September 2012 to November 2013 were randomly divided into control group (n=32)and treatment group (n=35). The control group were given dipyridamole tablets,fosinopril sodium tablets,anti-infection and other symptomatic treatment and water electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders were corrected.Observation group were added Huoxue Yishen Decoction on the basis of control group treatment.A course of treatment was 4 weeks and all patients were treated for 2 courses. Results After treatment,the symptom score in treatment group (9.34 ±4.27 )was significantly lower than control group(13.35 ±5.64),and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).24 h protein,SCr and BUN in treatment group were significantly lower than control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 ).The total effective rate of treatment group (91.43%)was significantly higher than control group(28.12%),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Huoxue Yishen Decoction combined with Western medicine in treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis can significantly improve renal function,it is effective and safety and has important value in clinical research.

Objective Toinvestigate the related risk factors of newly diagnosed diabetes among residents aged over 40 years in Nanjing City , and to provide evidence for diabetes prevention. Methods The clinical data were collected from the diabetes epidemiologic investigation among residents aged 40 -79 years from 6 communities in Nanjing City. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the potential risk factors for newly diagnosed diabetes. Results The prevalence rate of new diagnosed diabetes from 8039 subjects was 10.87%. A higher prevalence rate of new diagnosed diabetes was found in male than that in female (13.15% vs. 9.74%, P < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that the main risk factors for newly diagnosed diabetes were male, age, family history, body mass index (BMI) and less physical activity after adjusting other factors (adjusted OR 1.339-1.862, P < 0.05). Conclusions Male, age, family history, body mass index (BMI) and less physical activity may be the main risk factors for diabetes among residents in Nanjing City.

This study aimed at investigating the effects of Chinese herbal compound Qi Kui granules on urine protein and inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) based on the treatment of regular western medication.A randomized,parallel controlled method was involved in the present trial,and patients diagnosed with type 2 DN were randomly divided into the Chinese herb group and the control group.Regular treatment of angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker (ARB) in western medicine was administered in the two groups with the additional treatment of Qi Kui granules for the Chinese herb group.All the patients revisited the doctor every 4 weeks during the observation period within a 12-week course of the observation.Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR),urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) and inflammatory cytokines in the two groups were determined.As a result,seventy-two patients in aggregate were included in the study,while 32 patients of the control group and 31 patients of the Chinese herb group effectively accomplished the observation.After the 12-week treatments,UACR and UAER were significantly decreased in the two groups (P ＜ 0.01),while the efficacy of the Chinese herb group was better than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the levels of serum IL-6,tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α),transforming growth factor f1 (TGF-f1) and urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) / Cr significantly decreased after the 12-week treatment (P ＜ 0.01).It was concluded that the Chinese herbal compound Qi Kui granules successfully mitigated proteinuria in DN patients.The improvement of glomerular inflammation for renoprotection should be the mechanism behind this.

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAS)is a disease characterized by intermittent complete or partial upper airway obstruction accompanied by hypoxemia during sleep and is a common cause of difficult intubation.Patients with confirmed or highly suspected OSAS are usually at higher risk for difficult airways.Prediction of difficult airway in OSAS patients is of great significance to prevent perioperative adverse events.The current assessment tools for difficult airways are varied and evaluated inconsistently.In this article,we provide an overview of the various types of predictors of difficult intubation in OSAS and summarize the new trends in the prediction of difficult intubation to help anesthesiologists make accurate preoperative assessments.

Background: Chicken anemia virus (CAV) causes chicken infectious anemia, which results in immunosuppression; the virus has spread widely in chicken flocks in China. Objectives: The aim of this study was to understand recent CAV genetic evolution in chicken flocks in Guangxi Province, southern China. Methods: In total, 350 liver samples were collected from eight commercial broiler chicken farms in Guangxi Province in southern China from 2018 to 2020. CAV was detected by conventional PCR, and twenty CAV complete genomes were amplified and used for the phylogenetic analysis and recombination analysis. Results: The overall CAV-positive rate was 17.1%. The genetic analysis revealed that 84 CAVs were distributed in groups A, B, C (subgroups C1-C3) and D. In total, 30 of 47 Chinese CAV sequences from 2005-2020 belong to subgroup C3, including 15 CAVs from this study. There were some specific mutation sites among the intergenotypes in the VP1 protein. The amino acids at position 394Q in the VP1 protein of 20 CAV strains were consistent with the characteristics of a highly pathogenic strain. GX1904B was a putative recombinant. Conclusions Subgroup C3 was the dominant genotype in Guangxi Province from 2018–2020.The 20 CAV strains in this study might be virulent according to the amino acid residue analysis. These data help improve our understanding of the epidemiological trends of CAV in southern China.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM），as a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence，has greatly affected the quality of life of patients， and aroused widespread concern in society. Previous studies have shown that inflammation is closely related to the occurrence and development of T2DM. The role of inflammatory response and its signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of T2DM has become a research hotspot，and the intervention of inflammatory response to control the progression of T2DM has become a new approach for treatment. With the deepening in the research field of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM），the generation of inflammation is attributed to turbid phlegm and blood stasis， whose mutual transformation results in the impairment of body functions. However，the monomers and compounds of Chinese medicine in the treatment of T2DM based on inflammatory signaling pathways are advantageous in multiple targets，multiple pathways， and few side effects，which can significantly relieve the symptoms of T2DM. In recent years，there has been an increasing number of studies on TCM intervention in T2DM. The present article elaborated the understanding of the relationship between T2DM and inflammation in TCM and the seven signaling pathways related to the regulation of inflammation in T2DM by TCM， including nuclear transcription factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway，mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）-dependent signaling pathway，phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway，protein kinase C （PKC） signaling pathway，adenosine 5′-monophosphate （AMP）-activated kinase （AMPK） signaling pathway，Wnt signaling pathway，and transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β） signaling pathway.

Pancytopenia is one of the serious complications of Graves disease, and its clinical treatment is quite challenging. Based on traditional Chinese medicine theory and combining with literature reports and clinical practice in China, we discuss the etiology, pathogenesis, and syndromes-based treatment of pancytopenia, hoping to open up new treatment approaches, guide clinical practice, and improve treatment effectiveness.

In order to prepare monoclonal antibody to σ A protein of avian reovirus(ARV)and es-tablish a sandwich ELISA method for the detection of ARV pathogens.In this study,the σ A pro-tein of ARV was expressed as antigen by prokaryotic expression and used to immunize BALB/c mice.Then,stable hybridoma cell lines were screened,and monoclonal antibodies were prepared.A sandwich ELISA detection method based on monoclonal antibody of σA protein was established,and the sensitivity,specificity,repeatability,and accuracy were tested.The results showed that the recombinant plasmid pET-32a-σA was successfully constructed and well expressed in Escherichia coli.After immunizing mice,two hybridoma cell lines 6B3 and 8E11,which could secrete mono-clonal antibodies stably,were successfully prepared.Both monoclonal antibodies could react with natural ARV.One of the monoclonal antibodies secreted by 6B3 was selected as the capture anti-body and the ARV-positive chicken polyclonal antibody was used as the detection antibody.A sand-wich ELISA method was established to detect ARV by optimizing the reaction conditions.The specific test showed that the method only detected ARV pathogens and no other common chicken viral pathogens were detected.The detection limit was 7.72 X 102 EID50/mL of ARV antigen.The coefficient of variation of the intra-and inter-assay tests were less than 5.0％and the reproducibili-ty was good.Thirty samples were tested simultaneously by σA-sandwich ELISA and PCR,and the results were consistent with each other.In conclusion,a sandwich ELISA method based on the monoclonal antibody of σA protein was successfully established for the identification and detection of ARV,which provided a technical means for the accurate and rapid detection of ARV.

The aim of this study is to investigate the immune effect of H9 subtype avian influenza virus(AIV)NP protein on mice and lay the foundation for the development of avian influenza vi-rus(AIV)vaccine.The H9N2 virus NP gene amplification product was cloned into the pET-32a expression vector,and the protein expression was verified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot,and the immune effect was evaluated by measuring the secretion of supernatant multicytokines in mouse splenocytes culture.The results showed that the total length of the coding region sequence of NP gene was 1 497 bp,NP recombinant proteins exist in both soluble and insoluble protein forms,and the specific bands were visible in Western blot.After immunizing mice,serum produces IgG-bind-ing antibodies with antibody titers of 1∶40 000.Compared with the control group,IL-2,IL-5 and IL-13 were significantly increased(P＜0.001),and the secretion of IL-6 was significantly increased compared with the control group.IL-4 and IL-12 p70 secretions were elevated compared with con-trols,but there was no significant difference.Compared with the control group,the secretions of IL-1β,IL-18,GM-CMF,TNF-α and IFN-γ were inhibited,but the difference was not significant(P＞0.05).The results showed that NP recombinant protein is a good immunogen,laying a foundation for in-depth research on influenza vaccine.

Surgery is the preferred treatment for resectable esophageal cancer, but in locally advanced esophageal cancer, the effect of surgery alone is not ideal, so surgery-based comprehensive treatment is the best option. Neoadjuvant therapy has become a standard treatment in the treatment of locally advanced resectable esophageal cancer. Neoadjuvant therapy includes neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiochemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, etc. With the significant efficacy and acceptable toxicity of immunotherapy in the first-line and second-line treatment of advanced esophageal cancer, neoadjuvant immunotherapy has become a research hotspot of locally advanced resectable esophageal cancer. This article reviews the latest research progress and some limitations of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in locally advanced resectable esophageal cancer.