Obej ctive To inev stigate the situation of hands only cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( CPR) and training effectiveness of CPR in middle school students.Methods By the principle of random stratified cluster sampling,7 687 middle school students in Changsha city were trained on hands only CPR through the scene theoyr teaching and anthropom orphic dummy in this study.The training content icn lued d who was rescued by CPR, whne pait ne ts require CPR,h ow logn cna causei rreversible brain damage, the stna dardized process fo CPR,the position of CP R,the depth of CPR,and the ratios of breath-to-compression. We analyzed the middle school students′awareness of hands only CPR know ledge before and after the train-ing,investigated the middle school studne ts′willign ness and way to accept knowledge of first aid.Re sulst All of 7 687 middle scoh ol students inC hangsha cti y received questionnaire us rvey and trained on hands only CPR,including 3 778(49.15%) boys and 3 909 girls(50.48%).The knowledge of hands only CPR was mainly derived from the book,television,network,and education from schools.Before training,the awareness rates of the knowledge on who was rescued by CPR and the position of CPR were more than 50%,and the awareness rates on the rest of know ledge were less than 50%.The awareness rates on hands only CPR were more than 75% by training, which were significantly increased compared with tho se before training ( P <0.01).Conclusion The knowledge on hands only CPR is very scarce in middle school students in Changsha city,and the awareness on hands only CPR can be significantly improved by the scene theory teaching and an-thropomorphic dummy.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of PPARγ ligand rosiglitazone in vivo of mice which were transplanted the human gastric carcinoma cells line MGC803 into subrenal-capsule.Methods To establish kunming mouse tumor modles of MGC803 cells transplanted into subrenal-capsule and assay the inhibiting growth effects of 50 mg／kg rosiglitazone which were continuously poured into mice gastric for five days by the dissect microscope and HE stain.Results Rosiglitazone could inhibit the growth of MGC803 cells transplanted into subrenal-capsule of mice in vivo by inhibiting proliferation and inducting apoptosis,the tumor inhibitory rate was 62.9％.Conclusion PPARγ ligand rosiglitazone can inhibit the growth of MGC803 cells transplanted into subrenal-capsule of mice in vivo.

There were no data concerning restenosis rate after percutaneous transluminal coronary angio-plasty available in China so far. Our study was focused on clinical and angiographic follow-up and tried to reveal the predictive value for angiographic restenosis using noninvasive tests among 592 patients whose 841 coronary arteries were dilated in our department from Dec. 1987 to Dec. 1994.This patient group consisted of 503 males and 89 females had average age of 58. 4 ? 9. 1. The overall success rate was 93. 3% and acute vessel complications was 4. 1%. After successful procedures of PTCA,the patients were followed up with recurrence of angina, Holler ECG, submaximal excercise ECG and 99mTc-MIBI exercise scintigraphy regularly. 62 of these patients underwent coronary angiographic follow-up from 4-24 months (average time: 10. 4 ? 7. 6 months) after PTCA. We found 35 patients with angiographic restenosis and 27 patients without. Thus, we divided the patients into restenosis group and non-restenosis group according to the angiographic results. Subsequently, we oberserved whether the symptom and noninvasive tests were valuable in prediction of restenosis. The result showed that recurrence of angina, Holter ECG, submaximal exercise ECG and 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy were useful in detecting restenosis with their specificity and sensitivity 75.7% and 72.0%, 71. 4% and 86. 7%, 66. 7% and 73. 1% ,76. 5% and 83. 3 %, respectively. Moreover, If any two of above four ischemic indexes were combined together to detect restenosis,the specificity and sensitivity were significantly enhanced (85. 2% and 92. 9%). It is concluded that recurrence of angina and the noninvasive tests were valuable in predicting restenosis. The combination of these ischemic indexes would greatly improve their predictive value.

31 rat were divided randomly into control group (n=10),tripterygium wilfordii glycosides group (n = 10 9. 4 mg/kg per day),and poly saccharide sulphate group (n=11. 30 mg/per day). We made balloon endothelium denudation in thoracic aortae of the rats. The treatments with drugs began 6 days before balloon injury and continously until the animal were killed 14 day after balloon injury. The determinations for area of neointima, neointima /media, coverage of neointima and 3H-TdR incoperation of thoracic aortae suggested that tripterygium wilfordii glycosides can inhibit intimal proliferation of injuried aorta, whill poly saccharide sulphate shows no effect.

Objective To explore the continuous improvement to reduce the suctioning pediatrics lumen instruments return-cleaning rate of the first time washing, improve work efficiency and reduce the cost by applying root cause analysis. Methods Using causal analysis of fishbone diagram to analysis and verify the main reason of leading to high lumen instruments return-cleaning rate. According to the three terminal factors of continuous quality improvement, quality control group was set up, lumen instruments cleaning quality control standards was made, water flow mode of lumen instruments cleaning was changed, selected the appropriate cleaning tools and real picture show, synchronize quality control measures of publishing the quality and safety board. Compared before and after return-cleaning rate of three different detection methods and the different parts of the same suction lumen instruments. Results Before carrying out eye-measurement, cotton swab to wipe, ATP bioluminescence back washing rate was 0.89% (2/225), 7.11%(16/225), 27.11%(61/225), respectively after implementation of 0, 0.44%(1/226), 3.98%(9/226), visual observation before and after the return rate of washing was no statistically significant difference (χ2=2.018, P>0.05);Cotton swab to wipe, ATP bioluminescence back washing rate difference was statistically significant (χ2=13.820, 45.999, P<0.01). The lumen instruments total return-washing rate was decreased from 35.11% (79/225) to 4.42% (10/226). Among them, the return- washing rate of the inside surface of lumen instruments was decreased from 32.89% (74/225) to the 3.10% (7/226) and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=67.028, 67.915,P<0.01). By contraries, the thread interface and the outside surface of lumen instruments return- cleaning rate before and after the implementation has no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusions ATP bioluminescence assay has fine effects to detect the return-washing rate of the inner wall of the lumen instruments. The Root Cause Analysis method significantly reduced the return-washing rate of the inside surface of the suction lumen instruments, improve the efficiency, save the medical cost and reduce the hospital infection.

Objective To analyze the endoscopic and pathologic characters of acute graft versus host disease(aGVHD) after aUogeneie bone marrow transplantation.Methods The endoscopic and pathologic findings of 4 patients with acute aGVHD were retrospectively analyzed.Results The clinical manifestations of 4 patients were abdominal pain and diarrhea occurred 21～57 days after bone marrow transplantation.The eolonoseopy detected mucosa edema,erosion and multiple ulcers.The pathological findings included epithelial necrosis accompanied with infiltration of lympbocytes and plasmacytes,no cytomegalovirus was found in biopsies,and aGVHD was diagnosed.Three patients recovered after the treatment with corticosteroids,while the other one died.Conclusion The intestine is involved in aGVHD after allogeneie bone marrow transplantation,and the diagnosis depends on eolonoscopy and biopsy.

Objective To evaluate the effects of TAT-heme oxygenase-1 (TAT-HO-1) fusion protein on liver injury in rats undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).Methods Adult male Lewis (inbred) rats (aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 180-230 g) were used as donors and Brown Norway rats (aged 8-10 weeks,weighing 180-230 g) as recipients.The recipient rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:OLT group and TAT-HO-1 group.The livers were harvested according to the method described by Kamada.In OLT group,the donor livers were flushed and preserved with 4 ℃ HTK solution,while the livers were flushed and preserved for 6 h with 4 ℃ HTK solution containing TAT-HO-1 50 μg/ml in group P.Blood samples were obtained at 7 days after transplantation for measurement of activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum.Hepatic specimens were obtained at 7 days after transplantation and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for examination under light microscope.Rejection activity index was calculated according to Banff criteria.The contents of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and interleukin-6 in liver tissues were determined using ELISA.Kupffer cells were isolated and cultured for 48 h to determine the levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and interleukin-6 in culture medium.Results Activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum,rejection activity index and levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and interleukin-6 in liver tissues and culture medium of Kupffer cells were significantly decreased,and the pathological changes of livers were mitigated in group TAT-HO-1 as compared to group OLT.Conclusion TAT-HO-1 fusion protein applied during cold storage of donor livers can attenuate liver injury in rats undergoing OLT.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell-specific mitogen.Studies have shown that VEGF is closely associated with ischemic stroke,and this makes it possible to intervene in ischemic stroke from the level of VEGF and its receptor.This article reviews the biological effect of VEGF and its receptor,mechanism of action involving in various stages of ischemic stroke,and the therapeutic prospect in ischemic stroke.

Objective To observe the effect of TGF-β1 on activation and epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT) in rat hepatic stellate cell-T6.Methods Adopt the MTT method to screen the optimum concentration of TGF-β1 in vitro HSC-T6 cultured.After the HSC-T6 stimulation by TGF-β1 of 10 μg/L for 24 hours, the morphology of the cells was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, the expression of F-actin which on behalf of cotoskeletal structure was detected by immunofluorescence staining;the expression of α-SMA and N-cadherin,vimentin,E-cadherin was measured by RT-qPCR;The changes of α-SMA,N-cadherin,vimentin and E-cadherin were assessed by Western blot after different concentrations (0,5 and 10 μg/L) of TGF-β1 interventing HSC-T6 for 24 h.Results The optimal cell survival rate was recorded when 10 μg/L TGF-β1 dealt withcells for 24 h.After HSC-T6 were treated with TGF-β1,cells stretched, pseudopodia increased and turn into stellate, cells connections were looser, so that represented a significantly activated state.F-actin filaments gathered to form stress and distributed along the long axis of the cells;The expression of α-SMA mRNA and vimentin mRNA in experimental group was significantly higher while E-cadherin mRNA was obviously lower than the control group(P<0.05).TGF-β1 made the protein expression of α-SMA and N-cadherin, vimentin in dose-dependent increased while E-cadherin was decreased.Conclusions TGF-β1 may induce activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HSC-T6.

Objective To explore the changes of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) levels secreted by hypothalamus neuron in children with acute brain injury. Methods Fifty-one intracranial-infection children with brain injury and 11 intracranial-noninfection children with brain injury were chosen from pediatric intensive care unit of our hospital. Severities of their brain damage were evaluated by Glasgow score,and CRF level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results There was no significant difference of Glasgow scores between the intracranial infection group and intracranial-noninfection group ( P = 0. 302 6 ), CSF CRF level of intracranial infection group was significantly lower than that of intracranial-noninfection group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ), serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels of intracranial infection group were significantly higher than those of intracranial-noninfection group ( P ＜ 0. 01,P ＜0. 001 ). As comparing to the children with Glasgow score of 6 ～ 7, the levels of CSF CRF and serum TNF-α and IL-6 in children with Glasgow score of 4 ～ 5 were significantly increased ( P ＜ 0. 05, P ＜ 0. 001 ).Conclusion CSF CRF level of the children with acute brain injury is changing, which may be concerned with the secretion of hypothalamus CRF neuron stimulated by TNF-α, IL-6 and hypoxia stress in children with brain injury.