Objective To analyzes the epidemic trend and sexual behavior changes among men who have sex with men (MSM ) in Yinchuan city so as to provide scientific evidence for the future development of prevention and control strategies .Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted and data about the sexual behavior as well as trend of HIV epidemic among MSM from 2008 to 2012 were collected and analyzed .Results A total of 1 644 MSM were recruited from 2008 to 2012 .The MSM condom use rate in last time homosexual sex fluctuated between 73 .5% -80 .2% ,and their condom use rate in every time was increasing significant-ly(P<0 .05) from 54 .3% in 2012 to 44 .0% in 2008 .The HIV prevalence and 90% CI was 2 .6% (1 .1-4 .0) ,4 .5% (2 .5-7 .5) , 5 .7% (6 .6-7 .8) ,3 .8% (2 .2-5 .3) and 7 .0% (4 .9 -9 .1) respectively .The HIV prevalence was increasing significantly (P<0 . 01) from 7 .0% in 2012 to 2 .6% in 2008 .Syphilis prevalence was increasing significantly (P<0 .01) from 9 .0% in 2009 to 2 .9%in 2008 ,then decreasing significantly (P<0 .01) from 6 .3% in 2012 to 13 .6% in 2010 .Conclusion The HIV infection rate have a rising trend among MSM in Yinchuan city .More effective intervention measures should be taken to promote safe sex and curb the AIDS epidemic spread among MSM .

OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognition on hand hygiene and the reasons affecting the hand hygiene performance in hospital.METHODS Medical staff of 358 parsons were randomly selected by questionnaire.RESULTS It was higher cognition among medical staff on hand washing indication learned from Standards of Hand Hygiene among Medical Personnel in Medical Institutions(draft for soliciting opinions) issued by the Ministry of Health.The cognition coincidence of hand sterilization indication was 68.04%,but existed some less cognition or miscognition in this field among them.The main factors affecting the hand hygiene performance were busy at work,to which was the primary cause to affect use of stream water to wash hands.The concept that using stream water wash hand is reliable is the primary cause influence medical staffs to use alcohol scrape hand.CONCLUSIONS The nosocomial infection monitoring,guidance and control should be emphasized in the field of more use of the fast hand antiseptics instead washing hands and supervising the relevance of the amount of hand hygiene product consumpsion to nosocomial infections.

OBJECTIVE:To put forward constructive suggestions about human resource management in Chinese pharma?ceutical enterprises in new century.METHODS:Based on relevant literature,the current situation of human resource manage?ment in state-own pharmaceutical enterprises was surveyed and analysed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Only by raising the level of human resource management and practicing new management modes,the pharmaceutical enterprises will get sustained benefit of the company and society.

0.025 63 h-1).A linear relation between absorption and concentration was noted for simvastatin at a concentration of 1.0～20.0 ?g?mL-1;and within a pH value of 5.0～7.4,the absorption of simvastatin was not affected.CONCLUSION:Simvastatin showed absorption behavior in the whole section of intestine.The absorption of the drug conforms to the passive transport mechanism and first-order kinetics.The results indicate that simvastatin can be formulated and prepared into sustained-release drug delivery system.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that methylation modification using CARM1-catalyzed histone H3R17/R26 can maintain the stemness of embryonic stem cel s. However, mechanism underlying CARM1 effect on the stemness of amniotic fluid-derived stem cel s is stil unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the function and underlying molecular mechanism of CARM1 to maintain stemness in the amniotic fluid-derived stem cel s.
METHODS:Amniotic fluid-derived stem cel s from term pregnancy were isolated and cultured. RT-PCR was used to identify the stem cel mark and CARM1 gene expression. CARM1 expression in amniotic fluid-derived stem cel s was knocked down by using two shRNA. RT-qPCR was used to detect the silencing efficiency, and western blot employed to examine the methylation level of Arginines 17 at N terminus of histone 3 (H3mR17). Moreover, the expression of embryonic stem cel markers, including OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG, were detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Amniotic fluid-derived stem cel s from term pregnancy could express CARM1 and stem cel markers, including OCT4, SOX2, Nanog and KLF4. Both of the shRNAs could knock down the expression of CARM1 efficiently. When CARM1 was knocked down, the H3mR17 level was decreased and OCT4, SOX2 expression was also reduced, but NANOG expression had no change. Al these indicate that CARM1 is required for amniotic fluid-derived stem cel s to maintain stemness through regulating OCT4 and SOX2 expression.

To study the etiology and pathogenesis of seasonal contact dermatitis (SG),some skin tests including pollen allergen patch test were performed in 43 cases of SG.Sixty-two patients with al- lergic contact dermatitis(NSG) and 50 healthy individual(HG) were used as control.The results showed that the level and positivity rate of total serum IgE in SG,and the positivity rate of specific IgE,pollen allergen prick test and patch test in SG were higher than those in NSG and HG.The speeific IgE,pollen allergen prick test and pollen allergen patch test were significantly correlated,and showed high consis- tency.These results indieate that the pathogenesis of seasonal contact dermatitis he obviously associated with pollen allergen-induced IgE-mediated late-phase reaction.

Objective To study the influence of artesunate (Akt) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and to explore its molecular mechanism thereof. Methods The HNSCC cell line,UM-SCC-10A cells, was cultured in vitro. The Inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) was examined by MTT assay. The cell mor?phological changes were observed under inverted light micro-scope after being interfered by 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40μmol/L Akt. Cell cycle changes and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. And the expression of cell cycle regulators and apop?totic associated protein were detected by Western blot assay. Results MTT assay demonstrated that Akt significantly inhib?ited the proliferation of UM-SCC-10A cells in dose-dependent manner. After UM-SCC-10A cells were treated with Akt for 48 h, IC50 was 15.01μmol/L. Morphological changes of cell apoptosis such as karyopyknosis and conglomeration were ob?served by Hoechst 33258 staining. Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis was associated with cell cycle arrest during the G1 phase. Western blot analysis showed that p53 and p21 protein was up-regulated and Cyclin D protein was down-regulat?ed. Furthermore, results revealed that Bcl-2 associated X protein induced by a mitochondrial pathway, cytochrome C and caspase-3 were up-regulated, and Bcl-2 and procaspase-3 were down-regulated. The mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced. Conclusion Artesunate can induce apoptosis of UM-SCC-10A cells via a mitochondrial pathway, which was associated with cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. As a result, artesunate has an obvious inhibitory effects on proliferation of UM-SCC-10A cells.

Objective To examine the effects of blood salvage and blood preservation on erythrocyte immunity in adults. Methods Fifty patients of both sexes (22 males, 28 females) aged 25-69 yr undergoing cardiovascular or orthopedic surgery or surgery for spleen rupture or ruptured ectopic pregnancy during which ZITI-2000 autotransfusion system was used to salvage shed blood were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were taken from autotransfusion system after being heparinized, filtered, centrifuged and washed (n = 50) (group Ⅰ) , and also directly from operative field (n = 50) (group Ⅱ). In group Ⅲ blood samples were taken from bank blood after being preserved in citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA) anticoagulant solution for 2 weeks ( n = 50) . The rosette rate of RBC-C3b receptor (RBC-C3b RR), The rosette rate of RBC-immune complex (RBC-ICR), the percentage of CD35-positive erythrocyte and the content of SOD in erythrocyte were measured. Results The RBC-C3b RR, the percentage of CD35-positive erythrocyte and the SOD content in erythrocyte were significantly lower in group Ⅰ and Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ(P

Objective To evaluate the utility of clinical characters and variant examinations in discriminating benign from malignant thyroid lesions before operation.Methods We had retrospectively analyzed 1367 cases of thyroid nodule that were operated in Ruijin Hospital from 1999 to 2004.Results Clinical symptoms and signs,ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration(FNA)were all useful in indicating malignant thyroid lesions,especially FNA,whose sensitivity,specificity and diagnostic accuracy were 65.12%,95.08% and 82.69%,respectively.By logistic regression analysis,the thyroid nodule of young patients or solid or hard nodules,or nodules hard,or accompanied with calcification or nonached lymphadenectasis might be maligment nodules.At this time,FNA shoud be performed.Conclusion The above findings emphasize the importance of reviewing carefully and utilizing effectively the clinical information of each patient.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture plus weak laser fat dissolution technique in treating female patients with obesity and overweight of stomach heat dampness stagnation type. Methods Forty-seven female patients diagnosed with simple obesity and overweight of stomach heat dampness stagnation type were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 25 cases and a control group of 22 cases. The treatment group received electroacupuncture plus weak laser fat dissolution technique and the control group, weak laser fat dissolution technique alone. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, abdominal circumference, hip circumference, body fat percentage (F%), visceral fat index (VFI) were measured in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results There were statistically significant differences in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, hip circumference difference values between before and after one course of treatment, between after one and two courses of treatment and between after two and three courses of treatment in the treatment group compared with the control group (P<0.01,P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in visceral fat index difference values between after one and two courses of treatment and between after two and three courses of treatment in the treatment group compared with the control group (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was 92.0%in the treatment group and 36.4%in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Electroacupuncture plus weak laser fat dissolution technique is an effective way to treat female simple obesity of stomach heat dampness stagnation type.