OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin(GSP)on the transmembrane transport of sodium glycocholate (GA) and sodium taurocholate (TA) in colon glandular cell Caco-2. METHODS:Caco-2 model was used,and RP-HPLC was conducted to determine the contents of GA and TA in cell culture medium. The test was divided into GSP group, GA group,TA group,GSP+GA group and GSP+TA group,the transport volumes of transporting GA and TA from Transwell apical (AP)side to basolateral(BL)side by Caco-2 cell at 0,2,4,8 h were detected,respectively. RESULTS:The linear ranges of GA and TA were 0.05-1.2 mmol/L(R2=0.9999). With the time passing,transport volumes of GA and TA in BL site in GA group and TA group were sharply increased;while the transport volumes were obviously decreased after adding GSP,with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:GSP has inhibitory effect on the transmembrane transport of GA and TA in Caco-2 cell.

Objective To explore the effect of budesonide combined with ipratropium bromide in the treat-ment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and observe the adverse reactions during treat-ment.To analyze the treatment of safety and to provide the basis for clinical treatment.Methods 160 cases of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were selected,they were randomly divided into the control group A,B,C and the observation group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group A was treated with prednisone and other conventional,control group B was treated with aminophylline and other conventional treatment,the control group C application included prednisone,aminophylline and other conventional treatment,all the control group were treated with 0.9% sodium chloride solution inhaled as a placebo spray.And the observation group application of budesonide was combined with ipratropium bromide based on the routine treatment.Mainly the effect of treatment was observed,and the blood carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaO2 ),partial pressure of oxygen (PaCO2 ),forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 ),forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 )and forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio of FVC (FEV1 /FVC)before and after treatment were detected.And the adverse reactions were observed to evaluate its safety.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.00%(38 /40),which were higher than the control group A,B and C,the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =9.68,9.70,9.91,all P <0.05).The PaO2 level of the observation group after treatment was (76.89 ±0.63)mmHg, which were higher than that of the control group after treatment (73.66 ±0.47)mmHg,and that of two groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment,the differences were statistically significant (t =10.48,13.72,12.83,all P <0.05).The PaCO2 of the observation group after treatment was (50.06 ±0.60)mmHg,which were lower than that of the control group A,B and C after the treatment,each group after treatment was lower than that before treatment,the differences were statistically significant (t =11.72,12.69,10.74,all P <0.05 ).FEV1 and FEV1 /FVC of the observation group after treatment were (2.19 ±0.29)L and (69.27 ±0.59)%,which were higher than those of the control group A,B and C after treatment,and each groupafter treatment was higher than that before treatment,the differences were statistically significant (t =12.68,13.10,12.41,9.89,10.63,11.29,all P <0.05). Comparison of adverse reactions in each group,the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 =1.38,P >0.05). Conclusion It has good clinical curative effect on budesonide combined with ipratropium bromide for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients,which can significantly improve the pulmona-ry function of patients,shorten recovery time,and has high security.It is worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Kangniling Capsules. Methods: Cordyceps, Radix Notoginseng and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis in this prescription were identified by TLC. Ginsenoside Rg1 was determined by HPLC. Results: Cordyceps, Radix Notoginseng and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis could be detected by TLC. The content limit of ginsenoside Rg1 shouldn't be lower than 0.20mg per capsule. Conclusions: The established method is simple, feasible and reproducible. The quality of Kangniling Capsule can be controlled by the method.

Objective To evaluate the application value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the pa‐tients suffering from obstructive jaundice .Methods 126 patients diagnosed as obstructive jaundice underwent the abdominal MRCP examination and MRI scanning .The diagnostic results were recorded and the follow‐up observation was persisted .The MRCP diag‐nosis results were compared with the pathological or ERCP results obtained by follow up .Results Comparing the MRCP diagnostic results with the follow up results ,the coincidence rate of location diagnosis was 100% .The MRCP and follow up results in the qual‐itative diagnosis had no statistically significant difference .M RCP had the higher sensitivity ,specificity ,positive value and negative value in the judgement of different causes of obstruction .Conclusion M RCP has the higher accuracy for the qualitative and location diagnosis of obstructive juandice and also has the higher diagnostic value for judging the different obstructive causes .

Objective:To discuss the effect of the choice of brain functional MRI parameter on image quality. Methods:To select nine young volunteers for scanning brain functional MRI from February to December, 2012, and analyze the effect caused by parameters to the image quality. Results:The lower of the b value, the more level 1 image, the less level 3 image;the more of the number of diffusion sensitive gradient direction, the more level 1 image, the less level 3 image. The largest impact on image quality is the interlayer spacing, the number of diffusion sensitive gradient direction and the b value. Conclusion:The factors influencing the quality of brain functional MRI images including the interlayer spacing, the number of diffusion sensitive gradient direction and b value. In the parameter selection process, one should start from diagnostic purposes and weigh the pros and cons with overall consideration.

Objective: To study changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte calcineurin/ nuclear factor of activated T cells (CaN/NFAT) signaling pathway and calcium activated potassium channel (KCa3.1) expression in Kazak hypertensive patients with high high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) level from Xinjiang, and explore the mechanism of lymphocyte potassium channel involving in inflammation of hypertension.Methods: Kazak hypertensive patients from Xinjiang, who were first diagnosed in our heart center without antihypertensive therapy from Feb 2014 to Nov 2014, were selected.According to detected hsCRP level, a total of 50 hsCRP≥3mg/L patients were enrolled as high hsCRP group, and 50 hsCRP<3mg/L patients were enrolled as normal hsCRP group.Gene and protein expression levels of KCa3.1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and activities of lymphocyte CaN and NFAT were measured and compared between two groups.Results: Compared with normal hsCRP group, there were significant rise in expression levels of lymphocyte KCa3.1 mRNA [(0.86±0.16) vs.(2.48±0.22)], TNF-α mRNA [(1.02±0.15) vs.(2.90±0.13)], KCa3.1 protein [(1.00±0.02) vs.(2.46±0.04)] and TNF-α protein [(1.01±0.02) vs.(2.04±0.06)], and activities of CaN [(1.04±0.15) vs.(2.83±0.08)] and NFAT [(0.96±0.06) vs.(2.65±0.07)] in high hsCRP group, P<0.01 all.Conclusion: In Kazak hypertensive patients with inflammatory reaction from Xinjiang, KCa3.1 and CaN-NFAT signaling pathway expression rises, suggesting that lymphocyte KCa3.1 may be involved in occurrence and development of hypertension via CaN/NFAT signaling pathway.

Aim DPF2 has been reported to be involved in pathogenesis of leukaemia and oncogenic activity.However,the role of DPF2 in oncogenesis and pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer remains unclear.Therefore,the present research aims to investigate the effects of DPF2-RNAi on proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle regulation of a pancreatic cell line,PANC-1 cells.Methods The lentivirus-mediated DPF2-RNAi was employed to knockdown DPF2 expression in PANC-1 cells,and the role of DPF2-RNAi in proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle regulation of the PANC-1 cells was examined through MTT assay,colony formation assay and flowcytometry assay.Results The lentivirus-mediated DPF2-RNAi middle and high doses(2 μL and 4 μL)significantly decreased the expression of DPF2 in the PANC-1 cells.DPF2-RNAi decreased cell viability and colony formation,and increased apoptosis of the PANC-1 cells.Besides,DPF2-RNAi induced the S-phase arrest and decreased G2/M phase population of the PANC-1 cells.Conclusions DPF2 may play a crucial role in proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle regulation of PANC-1 cells.Knockdown of DPF2 through lentivirus-mediated DPF2-RNAi may provide experimental basis for finding a new method for therapy of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and analyze the influence of age, coma or not, injury side, and injury area on the scores of MoCA. Methods 135 stroke patients were evaluated with MoCA. Results The scores were poor in delayed recalling, abstraction, verbal fluency, view space and executive function, and were less poor in naming, attention and orientation. There was significantly difference in the total score, attention, verbal fluency, delayed recalling and orientation of MoCA between older and younger patients (P<0.05). There was significantly difference in the total score, view space and executive function, attention, orientation between patients with coma and without coma (P<0.05). There was significantly difference in the total score, attention, verbal fluency, abstraction, delayed recalling and orientation between thoses with left side injury and right side injury (P<0.05). Compared with basal ganglia injury, front lobes injury tended to impact the total scores, attention, abstraction and delayed recalling (P<0.05); frontal, temporal and parietal lobes tended to impact the total score, naming, abstraction and delayed recalling (P<0.05). Conclusion The total scores of MoCA do reflect the cognitive impairment in patients with stroke, while the age, coma or not, injury side and injury area of the brain may impact the cognitive impairment in patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves EGb761 on 1-methy-l 4-phenylpyridium (MPP+)-induced injury in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells; To discuss its mechanism of action.Methods Cell culture method was used and SH-SY5Y cell damage model was induced with different concentrations of MPP+ to build Parkinson’s disease model in vitro. The experiment was divided into control group, MPP+ model group, low-, medium-, and high-dose EGb761 groups. The survival rate was determined by MTT assay, and the apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry according to AnnexinV apoptosis detection kit. The cell morphology was observed by inverted microscope. NO content in SH-SY5Y cells was detected by Nitric acid reduction method.Results Compared with the control group, the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells decreased and the apoptotic rate and NO content increased in the model group (P<0.05); Compared with the model group, the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells increased and the apoptotic rate and NO content decreased in the low-, medium- and high-dose EGb761 groups (P<0.05).Conclusion EGb761 can protect MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell from damage by the inhibition of the content of NO free radical.

Objective: To investigate the effect of nocturnal hypertension in essential hypertension (EH) patients with early renal dysfunction. Methods: A total of 182 EH patients were enrolled in this study. According to weather the average night blood pressure (BP) > 120/70 mmHg, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Nocturnal hypertension group,n=89 and Control group,n=93. The levels of urine micro albumin (mALB), podocalyxin (PCX) and serum Cyst-C were examined and compared between 2 groups. Results:① For BP: the average systolic and diastolic BP in Nocturnal hypertension group were higher than those in Control group as SBP (138.05 ± 6.33) mmHg vs (102.51 ± 8.76) mmHg, DBP (84.11 ± 6.32) mmHg vs (70.03 ± 4.56) mmHg, P<0.05. ② For renal dysfunction biomarkers: several biomarker levels were higher in Nocturnal hypertension group than those in Control group as mALB (13.60 ± 0.69) mg vs (10.04 ± 0.73) mg, PCX (5.35 ± 1.69) ng/ml vs (2.05 ± 0.88) ng/ml and serum Cyst-C (1.35 ± 0.69) mg/L vs (1.02 ± 0.44) mg/L, allP<0.05.③ For correlation study: In Nocturnal hypertension group, the PCX level was positively correlated to the levels of mALB (r=0.675,P<0.05), Cyst-C (r=0.734,P<0.05), night BP (r=0.830, P<0.05) and the duration EH (r=0.688,P<0.05). Conclusion: EH patients with nocturnal hypertension have more incidences to suffer from renal dysfunction, the examination of mALB, PCX and Cyst-C are beneifciary for the early diagnosis in relevant patients.