Objective To study the effect of nasal tolerance with a dual analogue (Lys262 Ala207) on experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) and the underlying mechanisms, the clinical and immunological changes were observed in Lewis rats treated with dual analogue Methods Different doses of dual analogues were given to Lewis rats immunized with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in complete Freud's adjuvant (CFA) and the medium dosage was chosen in the following studies As comparing the effects of treatment of the predetermined dosage of dual analogue at different time points, the body weight and clinical symptoms of Lewis rats immunized with AChR in CFA were evaluated The levels of anti AChR IgG in serum were tested by ELISA Proliferative responses of lymphocytes to no antigen, AChR, dual analogue, control MBP peptide, MBP, or Con A were tested Results Lewis rats receiving dual analogue nasally for 10 consecutive days at the time of immunization (Group A) or the first day after complete remission from the acute phase of the disease (Group B) sparsely developed EAMG with reduced severity than the corresponding control groups The subsiding disease was associated with decreased amount of anti AChR IgG in serum expressed as optic density ( A ) at 405 nm On day 35 post immunization, the A values in group B vs control group were 0 95?0 26 and 1 19?0 12, respectively Proliferative responses expressed as stimulation index (SI) were suppressed in response to antigen specific stimulations in rats receiving dual analogue as compared with rats receiving control peptide For instance, the values of SI in response to AChR in group A and control group were 1 71?0 78 and 3 24?1 31, respectively Those values were suppressed to a less extent in group B vs control group (1 97?0 56 vs 3 19? 1 50) Conclusions Nasal administration of a dual analogue Lys262 Ala207, at two different time points post immunization should ameliorate muscular weakness in EAMG rats involved in decreased levels of anti AChR antibodies and antigen specific T cell proliferation

Objective To study the expression of KAI1mRNA in cervical carcinoma and its clinical significance.Methods The transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method was applied to detect the expression of KAI1mRNA in 53 fresh freezing cervical tissues.The findings were compared with the clinicopathological data.Results The expression of KAI1mRNA was (0.309?0.093) in normal cervix,(1.608?0.289) in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN),(0.948?0.910) in cervical carcinoma respectively.The relative densitometric value of KAI1mRNA decreased in late stage of cervical cancer in local cervical cancer with lymphatic metastasis(P

Objective To investigate the risk factors for childhood acute leukemia complicated with streptococcus mitis bacteriaemia and to explore a better therapeutic regimen of antibiotics.Methods Seventy-eight cases of childhood acute leukemia complicated with bacteriaemia hospitalized in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2012 to December 2016 were collected,among them there were 8 cases (10.26％) caused by streptococcus mitis.The susceptible factors,clinical manifestations,drug susceptibility,treatments and outcomes of 8 cases of streptococcus mitis bacteriaemia were summarized and analyzed.Results All of 8 cases were attacked during the agranulocytosis phase lasting for more than 1 week after chemotherapy for acute leukemia.Four cases of them had been exposed to the third-generation cephalosporins for more than 7 days,and 5 cases exposed to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for more than 10 days.The incidence of remittent fever,shiver,stomatitis and pneumonia was 100.0％ (8/8 cases),62.5％ (5/8 cases),62.5％ (5/8 cases) and 62.5％ (5/8 cases),respectively.And severe pneumonia occurred at a rate of 37.5％ (3/8 cases).The sensitivity to Linezolid,Vancomycin,Penicillin and Cefotaxime was 100.0％,100.0％,37.5％ and 25.0％,respectively.Five of the 7 cases treated with Meropenem had a fever 3 days later and then they took Linezolid as a replacement according to the drug sensitivity.One case was treated with Cefoperazone-Sulbactam.The duration time of fever,positive blood culture,agranulocytosis and course of antibiotics therapy was 1-19 d(10.4 d on average),4-22 d(13.4 d on average),10-30 d (21.6 d on average),9-26 d (18.3 d on average),respectively.Among 3 patients with severe pneumonia,1 patient received the respirator assisted ventilation for 1 week.Conclusions Streptococcus mitis is one of the major causes of severe infection among children with acute leukemia.Agranulocytosis after chemotherapy,stomatitis,exposure to PPI and antibiotics may be the risk factors for streptococcus mitis infection.Fever,stomatitis,respiratory and digestive symptoms are the common clinical manifestations.Streptococcus mitis is resistant to Penicillin and Cefotaxime,but sensitive to Linezolid,which can shorten the course of infection and improve the outcomes.Thus,Linezolid may serve as an optional therapy for streptococcemia mitis bacteriaemia.

Objective To investigate the expression of signal-induced proliferation-associated gene 1 (SIPA1), Ezrin and E-cadherin (E-cad), and their relationship with clinical patterns in epithelial ovarian carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of SIPA1, Ezrin and E-cad in normal ovarian tissue, benign epithelial ovarian tumor, borderline epithelial ovarian tumor and epithelial ovarian carcinoma,respectively. Results The positive rate of SIPA1 expression was 44.2 % (23/52), 64.5 %(20/31), 93.3 % (28/30) and 100.0 % (15/15) in epithelial ovarian carcinoma, borderline epithelial ovarian tumor, benign epithelial ovarian tumor, and normal ovarian tissue, respectively, and there was a statistical difference (χ2 = 29.159, P= 0.000). The corresponding rates were 57.7 % (30/52), 61.3 % (19/31), 90.0 %(27/30) and 93.3 % (14/15) for the positive rate of Ezrin expression (χ2= 14.555, P= 0.002), as well as for 23.1 % (12/52), 58.1 % (18/31), 86.7 % (26/30) and 0 (0/15) for the positive rate of E-cad expression, respectively (χ2= 45.731, P= 0.000). In patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma, the expression of SIPA1 was correlated with tumor differentiation (χ2=3.895, P=0.048), but not with histological type and clinical stage (all P>0.05). The expression of Ezrin was not correlated with histological type, tumor differentiation and clinical stage (all P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between expression of E-cad and SIPA1, Ezrin in epithelial ovarian carcinoma, respectively (r= 0.339, P= 0.014; r= 0.284, P= 0.041), but no correlation between the expression of SIPA1 and Ezrin (r= 0.214, P= 0.128). Conclusions SIPA1, Ezrin and E-cad play important roles in the occurrence and development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. They cooperate in the progression and their combined detection can better evaluate the prognosis of epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

Survivin variants specific real time quantitative RT-PCR was developed to analyze their expression in 53 paired cancer and para-cancerous tissues, and the expression of the wild-type survivin protein was detected by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that survivin mRNA and protein were expressed in gastric cancer and para-cancerous tissues. The survivin-2B was dominantly expressed in para-cancerous tissues, whereas the survivin-DeltaEx3 was more frequently detected in cancer tissues. The positive rate of survivin-2a was 100% in both cancer and para-cancerous tissues, but its relative transcript expression level was not significantly increased in cancer tissues in comparison with para-cancerous tissues. The correlation analysis revealed that the expression of survivin-2a mRNA was significantly associated with that of total survivin (r (s)=0.4178, P=0.0018), whereas inversely to that of survivin-DeltaEX3 (r (s)=-0.4506, P=0.0007). It was suggested that survivin-2a may act as an antagonist of survivin-DeltaEX3. The balance between antiapoptotic survivin iso-forms and nonantiapoptotic ones may play an important role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Promising value is hinted to analyze survivin and its variants in tumor early diagnosis and distinguishing malignant tumors from benign ones.
Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/*metabolism ; Protein Isoforms/genetics ; Protein Isoforms/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms/*metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumor Markers, Biological/genetics ; Tumor Markers, Biological/*metabolism

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Periostin,VEGF and MMP-9 in breast invasive ductal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of Periostin,VEGF and MMP-9 in breast invasive ductal carcinoma and normal breast tissue.Results In breast invasive ductal carcinoma and normal breast tissue,the positive rates of Periostin were 63.8 ％ (37/58) and 0 (x2 =24.272,P =0.000).The figures were 69 ％ (40/58) and 8 ％ (2/25) for the positive rates of VEGF (x2 =25.977,P =0.000),respectively,as well as 70.69 ％ (41/58) and 16.0 ％ (4/25) for the positive rates of MMP-9 (x2 =21.050,P =0.000),respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (P ＜ 0.05).In breast invasive ductal carcinoma,the expression of Periostin was correlated with clinical stage (x2 =4.835,P =0.028),whereas not correlated with age (x2 =1.155,P=0.282),histological grade (x2 =0.05,P =0.972),lymphatic metastasis (x2 =1.660,P =0.198).The expression of VEGF was correlated with clinical stage (x2 =4.230,P =0.040),lymphatic metastasis (x2 =9.667,P =0.002),whereas not correlated with age (x2 =0.506,P =0.477),histological grade (x2 =0.532,P =0.767).The expression of MMP-9 was correlated with clinical stage (x2 =8.456,P =0.004),lymphatic metastasis (x2 =5.494,P =0.019),whereas not correlated with age (x2 =0.153,P =0.695),histological grade (x2 =0.224,P =0.894).The expression of Periostin,VEGF and MMP-9 were positively correlated with each other in breast invasive ductal carcinoma (r =0.348,P =0.001; r =0.303,P =0.021; r =0.469,P =0.000).Conclusion Periostin,VEGF and MMP-9 are correlated closely with the occurrence and development of breast invasive ductal carcinoma,which might be valuable in evaluating the invasiveness,metastasis and prognosis.

Objective To study the prophylactic effects of nasal tolerance with a dual analogue (Lys262-Ala207) on experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) and observe the underlying mechanisms, the clinical and immunological changes in Lewis rats treated with dual analogue nasally. Methods The effects of the predetermined dosage of a dual analogue Lys262-Ala207 were compared at different time points, and the dual analogues or control peptides were given nasally before (Group A or CA) or on the day (Group B or CB) of immunization with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in complete Freund's adjuvant for 10 consecutive days. The clinical scores were evaluated for 50 days after immunization. The levels of anti-AChR IgG in serum were tested by RIA. Proliferative responses of lymphocytes to no antigen, Lys262-Ala207, AChR, AChR-?100-116, MBP peptide, or Con A were tested. The numbers of mononuclear cells expressing CD4 and/or CD25 from lymph nodes were enumerated using flow cytometry. Results As compared with the corresponding control groups, Lewis rats in group A or B developed EAMG with reduced severity and loss of AChR within the neuromuscular junction. The levels of anti-AChR IgG (21.96?3.37 and 29.41?4.59) were also decreased. Proliferative responses were suppressed in response to antigen-specific stimulations in rats receiving dual analogue, whereas the numbers of CD4+CD25+ T cells were higher in group A (11.34%?1.62%) and B (8.68%?1.83%) than in their corresponding control groups. Conclusions Nasal administration with a dual analogue Lys262-Ala207, at two different time points before and on the day of immunization ameliorated muscular weakness in EAMG rats associated with decreased levels of anti-AChR IgG in serum, suppressed antigen-specific T cell proliferation and increased numbers of CD4+CD25+ T cells from lymph nodes as compared to rats receiving control peptides. The results of our study suggest that the mucosal tolerance with dual analogue should be served as an alternative maneuver in human MG.

Objective To investigate the expression of the cytosolic phospholipase A2(c-PLA2),interleukin-1 beta(IL-1?),tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1(TMP-1) in rat brain after injury.Methods The model of traumatic brain injury originally described by Feeney was employed.The mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR.Results The mRNA of cytosolic phospholipase A2 was increased at 2 hour and its peak was at 7 day.At 14 day,the level of cytosolic phosphalipase A2 mRNA was still in high level as compared to the control group.Likely,the enhancement expression of interleukin-1? was seen at the 1 hour and the peak time was from 5 to 8 hour.At 72 hour,it decreased to normal level.The expression of inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 was increased at the 2 hour,and the highest expression level was seen during 48 to72 hour.It came down to normal level at 14 day after injury.Conclusion The augment of the expression of the cytosolic phospholipase A2,interleukin-1? and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 following traumatic brain injury suggested that they participated in the pathogenesis of the traumatic brain injury,and may played roles in this pathophysiological process.

Background and purpose:Previous researches have shown that procalcitonin differentiates infec-tious from non-infectious fever and assesses the severity of infectious diseases. This study aimed to investigate the clin-ical value of procalcitonin in patients with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia.Methods:A total of 147 patients with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia admitted to intensive care unit from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2014 were di-vided into infectious group and fever of unknown origin group according to clinical symptoms, signs and etiology. The infectious group was divided into sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock groups according to the severity of infection. The procalcitonin levels were compared between different groups.Results:A procalcitonin cut-off value>0.935 ng/mL provided a sensitivity of 90.0%, speciifcity of 90.0% and AUC=0.905. The procalcitonin level of the infectious group was signiifcantly higher than that of the fever of unknown origin group [1.805 (1.268-2.523) ng/mLvs 0.555 (0.398-0.818) ng/mL,P<0.001]. There is a signiifcant difference between the severe sepsis group and the sepsis group [13.885 (7.600-17.961) ng/mLvs 1.805 (1.268-2.563) ng/mL,P<0.001]. Compared with the severe sepsis group, the value of procalcitonin in the septic shock group was signiifcantly higher [23.800 (20.050-30.478) ng/mLvs 13.885 (4.955-19.133) ng/mL,P<0.001].Conclusion:Plasma procalcitonin is a useful marker for diagnosing neutropenia in patients with infection. Meanwhile, procalcitonin can be used to assess the severity of infection in patients with neutropenia.

Objective To elucidate the molecular basis on the differences of infectivity in infected cells between Sindbis virus(SINV:YN87448 virus)and Sindbis like virus(SINLV:XJ-160 virus).Methods Compare the E(glycoprotein)gene sequence and secondary structure of YN87448 virus and XJ-160 virus by bioinformatics analysis.Analyze the contribution of E gene to the biological differences between SINV and SINLV by constructing recombinant virus.Results By bioinformatics analysis,YN87448 virus and XJ-160 virus have the same genomic structure,which has 11 717 nt and 11 626 nt respectively.There are 82 amino acid differences between E gene of these two viruses,and showed scattered distribution.The main peak is basically the same for the hydrophobic of the E gene protein,but in some region existing small differences.The recombinant virus which exchanged the E gene of XJ-160 virus with YN87448 virus totally showed the biological character of YN87448 virus,either in the showing time of CPE,plaque forming time and plaque diameter,or in expression of functional proteins.Conclusion E gene plays a major role in the differences of infectivity in infected cells between SINV and SINLV,this result provide the molecular biological evidences for elucidating the biological differences between SINV and SINLV.