Isolation of geniposide in Gardenia jasminoides was accomplished by high performance GF254 TLC and the content of the said component in the herb and its preparation determined by linear scanning at ?248nm. The method was simple and accurate.

Isolation of ?- aminobutyric acid in Hedysarum polybotrys Was accomplished by HPTLC and the content of the sail component in the herb and its preparation determined by dual wave length seanning at ?5 580nn and ?R700nm, The method was simple and accurate.

Mutiple myeloma(MM)has been associated with the hypercoagulable states and the development of venous thromboembolic events(VTE). Described pathogenetic mechanisms that are not exclusive to MM include the abnormality of blood clotting components,the dysfunction of fibrinolysis,the disorder of platelets,the abnormity of blood stream and blood viscosity,etc..It has been proved that high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),von Willebrand factor (vWF),increased production of inflammatory cytokines and higher expression of COX-2 in MM seem to be associated with the hypercoagulability. In addition, the treatment of MM may also result in the treatment-associated hypercoagulable states.

Paraquat is a quaternary ammonium herbicide, which can be distributed in lung, liver, kidney, heart, brain and other organs through blood circulation, leading to multiple organ failure, especially lung injury. Due to the lack of effective treatment methods and specific antidotes, the prognosis of most patients with paraquat poisoning is very poor. The treatment of paraquat poisoning was a big problem for emergency doctors. Previous studies have found that pulmonary fibrosis caused by paraquat poisoning is closely related to a variety of pathological processes, such as oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, mitochondrial damage, imbalance of extracellular matrixproduction (ECM) and degradation, which involve the activation or inhibition of various signaling pathways. In recent years, many researchers focused on clarifying the mechanism of paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis, and some signaling pathways related to paraquat poisoning leading to pulmonary fibrosis have been found. A large number of studies have found that adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) related signaling pathway, transforming growth factor-β/Smad (TGF-β/Smad)signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) related signaling pathway, Ras homolog gene/Rho associated kinases (Ras/ROCK) and Wnt/β-catenin signal pathways are closely related to paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis. In this paper, we reviewed signaling pathways related to paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis, in order to provide more ideas for the clinical treatment of paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Academic English abstract is an important means of achieving international academic exchange.This article introduces writing content and writing skills for medical academic English abstract.

Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2(HIPK2)is a member of a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family which localized in the mucleus.It is not only involved in advanced stage embryogenesis,development of nerve tissue,retina and muscular tissue,but also takes part in regulation of tumor signaling transduction,down-modulated expression of oncogene,induced apoptosis of tumor cells,and inhibited angiogeuesis of tumor.The regulation of HIPK2 in tumor signaling transduction pathway is associated with P53 signaling,Wnt/β-catenin pathway and hypoxia.

HIF-1α, a transcriptional activator regulating cells and tissues' response to hypoxia, can induce expression of a variety of factors and facilitate adaptation to hypoxia. Tumor hypoxic microenvironment and expression of HIF-1α is closely related to the occurrence of colorectal cancer, development, invasion, metastasis and prognosis, which becomes a hot spot in colorectal cancer research. To further clarify the process of colorectal cancer and to explore new treatment methods in colorectal cancer, HIF-1α in colorectal cancer studies was briefly reviewed.

Matrix metalloproteinases-9(MMP-9) is an important gene in coloreetal cancer occurrence and development.MMP-9 can induce cell proliferation,angiogenesis and neoplasm infiltration,and then leads to coloreetal cancer invasion and metastasis.MMP-9 can not only play the role individually in coloreetal canccr invasion and migration,but also can cooperate with other genes.MMP-9 is a key protease in terminal metastasis of coloreetal cancer.

Objective To discuss the mechanism of large dose methylprednisolone(MP) on cerebral protection of rats after focal ischemic reperfusion.Methods Using the Wistar rat models of focal cerebral ischemic reperfusion,we observed the effects of large dose MP before and after ischemia on the volume of middle cerebral after infarction and the change of cerebral water content,meanwhile the pathological change of brain tissue was observed.Results Compared with the control group, the volume of middle cerebral after infarction in MD treatment group was remarkably reduced before and after ischemia (P 0 05 ). From the control group but not the MP treatment group, we found cerebral infiltration of macrophages from the histopathology of rat brain tissues.Conclusion Large dose MP might improve ischemic brain injury,the mechanism related to reducing volume of cerebral infarction and inhibited the infiltration of macrophages in the rat brain tissues.

Objective To investigate the relationship between transient ischemic attack(TIA) and intracranial or extracranial artery stenosis.Methods Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was further used in 56 cases with cerebral artery stenosis from 68 TIA patients after examinations of B ultrasound of neck, transcranial color doppler(TCD) and cardiac ultrasound. Results 6 cases were shown stenosis or occlusion in middle cerebral arteries(MCA), 21 cases were shown stenosis or occlusion in arteria carotis interna,8 cases were shown stenosis in subclavian arteries and 28 cases were shown stenosis or occlusion in vertebral arteries or basal arteries. 44 cases with TIA were related to stenosis of large arteties, 16 cases of which were intracarotid TIA, and 28 cases were vertebrobasilar TIA; 18 cases were embotic TIA, 15 cases of which were intracarotid TIA, and 3 cases were vertebrobasilar TIA. 4 casea were lacunar TIA; and 2 cases were related to vascular spasm. Conclusions Most patients with TIA have cerebral artery stenosis.There is a positive correlation between TIA and intracranial or extracranial artery stenosis.