Objective To establish an HPLC method to determine the two principal constituent-capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in general alkaloids of Capsaicin.Method The analysis was performed on C18 column(4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m),with methanol-water(70:30) as the mobile phase.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm.Result The linear relationships of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin were within the range of 1.955～7.820 ?g(r=0.999 9) and 2.709～7.224 ?g(r= 0.995 5),respectively.The average recoveries were 101.57% and 108.87%,respectively.Conclusion The method is convenient,the result is accurate and reliable,and can be used to determine the content of two principal constituent in general alkaloids of Capsaicin.

目的观察神经阻滞治疗颈源性头痛的效果。方法对颈源性头痛患者30例行星状神经节阻滞,伴颈椎旁神经或耳颞神经阻滞治疗,观察治疗前后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、每周头痛发作次数、服用止痛药物与睡眠改善例数。结果治疗前后VAS评分改善(P<0.05),治疗后头痛完全缓解15例,好转9例,有效4例,无效2例;治疗后头痛发作次数及持续时间均缩短(P<0.05);治疗前服用止痛药物28例,治疗后2周12例,4周4例(P<0.05);睡眠不佳治疗前29例,治疗后2周13例,4周为4例(P<0.05)。结论神经阻滞是治疗颈源性头痛是一种良好的治疗方法。

Objective:To construct a suppression subtractive library of suppression-related genes from c serotype Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans). Methods:After being isolated from virulent and avirulent strain of S. mutans respectively, the intact and high-pure genomic DNAs were digested with restriction enzyme AluⅠ. The digested DNA of the avirulent strain ligated with an adaptor was used as tester DNA, and that of the virulent strain as driver DNA. Then the suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH) was carried out, the efficiency of ligation and subtraction were detected respectively. The subtracted fragments were inserted into vector pCR2.1 using T/A cloning kit and transformed into E. coli TOP10F' competent cells. The white colonies were selected to construct the suppression subtractive library. Results: Through electrophoresis of AluⅠ-digested DNAs, a smear ranged from 0.1 to 2.0 kb was observed. The ligation efficiency of tester DNA with adaptor was at least higher than 25 percent. The subtraction efficiency confirmed the success in enrichment of differential genes between virulent and avirulent strain of S. mutans. In the subtracted group, the appearance time of the 23S rRNA gene in both tester and driver DNA was later than that in the unsubtracted group by twelve cycles. It suggested that suppression subtractive hybridization happened indeed. Then the subtracted fragments were cloned and the suppression-related gene library between virulent and avirulent strain of S. mutans was constructed. Conclusions:The suppression subtracted library of suppression-related genes has been constructed.

Objective:To explore avirulent strain-specific new genes or new functions of already known genes from Streptococcus mutans of serotype c.Methods:Twenty-six DNA fragments unique to avirulent strain of Streptococcus mutans were sequenced.The sequences of these presumptive avirulence DNA fragments were subjected to homology search through BLASTn and BLASTx in public database,and their putative biological functions were analyzed.Results:The size of the DNA fragments ranged from 113 bp to 776 bp.The average G+C content was 38.27%,similar to that of the gene-codingsequences in Streptococcus mutans strain UA159 whose genome sequences were just completed.Seven clones were picked repeatedly.Of the nineteen DNA fragments,eight potentially represented new DNA fragments were registered in GenBank.The remaining DNA fragments showed high homology to known genes of Streptococcus mutans strain UA159.Conclusions: The gene analysis and identification supply the groundwork for further study of gene functions of the avirulent strain of Streptococcus mutans serotype c.

To achieve the goal of continuous improvement, measures of multi-link management were adopted for antimicrobial use, including establishing and improving organizational frameworks and rules and regulations, conducting various forms of training for all workers and staff, formulating criteria that were based on the frontier theories and could be easily applied, taking effective measures of intervention, using scientific evaluation methods, and getting timely feedback. The measures have proved to be effective in practice.

Behavior Science pays more attention to humanity,and regards the management of people as the key factor of management.Nursing management is the process targeting at the progress of nursing quality and work efficiency.Under the new circumstance,it is very important for the head nurse to supervise the nurses with a scientific management conception in the hospital howadays which will encourage the nurses to fully exert their abilities. and help to improve the nursing quality finally.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of local mild hypothermia at different time on dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) concentration in rabbits brain basal ganglion with bilirubin encephalopathy. MethodsThe model of bilirubin encephalopathy was established, and treated with mild hypothermia for different time. The DA and 5-HT in the basal ganglion were detected with fluorescence spectrophotometry. ResultsThe DA and the 5-HT decreased in the basal ganglion significantly after modeling (P<0.01), and increased when treated for 6 h, 12 h or 24 h (P<0.01). ConclusionLocal mild hypothermia can significantly reduce the disorder of DA and 5-HT during bilirubin encephalopathy. The longer the hypothermia, the better the effect is.

ObjectiveTo identify the pathogens causing complicated skin and soft tissue infection and their susceptibility to antibiotics.MethodsThe clinical data on and aetiological examination findings in 99 cases of complicated skin and soft tissue infection were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsTotally,99 bacterial strains were isolated,including 51 Gram-positive bacteria(29 community-associated,22 hospital-acquired)and 48 Gram-negative bacteria ( 13 community-associated,35 hospital-acquired).Of the Gram-positive bacteria,staphylococci were the most common bacteria,which showed a high resistance rate to erythromycin (95.45％),penicillin G(72.73％),clindamycin,oxacillin and levofloxacin,but a high sensitivity to teicoplanin,vancomycin,linezolid,fusidic acid and moxifloxacin.Besides,the community-associated staphylococci possessed a higher sensitivity to trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole,tetracycline and ciprofloxacin than the hospital-acquired staphylococci did(all P ＜ 0.05).Notably,11 of the 99 isolates were identified as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).The four predominant Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumonia,Escherichia coliand Acinetobacter baumannii.These Gram-negative bacteria,especially the hospital-acquired Gram-negative bacteria,exhibited high resistance to levofloxacin,trimethoprim + sulfamethox azole and gentamicin but favorable sensitivity to carbapenems,tobramycin,piperacillin and tazobactam.ConclusionsComplicated skin and soft tissue infection is caused by various species of bacteria with high resistance to common antibiotics.Therefore,the results of drug sensitive tests should serve as the basis for proper use of antibiotics in the treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infection.

Objective To evaluate the effects of 131I treatment for Graves hyperthyroidism patients with leucopenia and the alteration of WBC levels after treatment.Methods A total of 257 Graves hyperthyroidism cases were retrospectively studied after 131I treatment.Based on baseline WBC count,119 cases with WBC count ＜4.0 × 109/L before 131I treatment were diagnosed with leucopenia and 138 cases had normal WBC.There were no significant differences in age,weight of thyroid,131I uptake rate in 24 h,dose of 131I and course of the disease between the two groups (all t ＜ 0.972,all P ＞ 0.05).WBC,lymphocyte,neutrophil and platelet counts were recorded before and 1,3,6 and 12 months after 131I therapy.The therapeutic effects were graded as clinical cure,improvement,invalidation and hypothyroidism.Statistical analyses,including independent samples t test,x2 test and one-way analysis of variance,were performed using SPSS 13.0.Results The WBC levels in the leucopenia group were (3.49 ± 0.43) × 109/L,(4.06 ±0.98) × 109/L,(4.20 ±1.04) × 109/L,(4.37 ±0.93) × 109/L and (4.88 ± 1.20) × 109/L before 131I treatment and 1,3,6,12 months after 131I treatment,respectively; while,those in the normal WBC group were (5.70 ± 1.08) × 109/L,(5.50 ± 1.14) × 109/L,(5.74 ±0.99) × 109/L,(5.95 ± 1.14) × 109/L and (6.07 ± 1.17) × 109/L,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference of WBC levels before and 1 month after 131 I treatment (t =1.662,P ＞ 0.05) in the normal WBC group,but WBC levels at those timepoints were significantly different in the leucopenia group (t =3.816,P ＜ 0.05).In the leucopenia group,there was no significant change of lymphocytes before and after 131I treatment,while the average neutrophil count showed an increasing trend during the 1,3,6 and 12 months after 131I treatment (F =40.583,t:1.468-11.264,all P ＜ 0.05).The average platelet counts at 6 and 12 months after 131I treatment were (187.80 ± 36.03) × 109/L and (206.88 ± 26.04) × 109/L respectively,which were higher than that before 131I treatment (F =9.735,t =2.604,4.892,all P ＜0.05).In the normal WBC group,there were no statistical differences of WBC changes before and after 131I treatment except for a lower lymphocyte count at 1 month after 131I treatment than that at baseline ((1.79 ± 0.37) × 109/L vs (1.99 ±0.63) × 109/L;F =12.868,t =3.284,both P ＜ 0.05).The treatment effects of the two groups were not significantly different (x2 =0.739,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions 131I treatment presents similar therapeutic effects on Graves hyperthyroidism patients with leucopenia and those with normal WBC levels.WBC levels in patients with leucopenia may recover to baseline during the post-treatment follow-up.Thus 131I treatment is a safe and effective method for Graves hyperthyroidism patients with leucopenia.

Biochemistry is a very practice-oriented courses,but the experiment has high cost,long cycle characteristics,and thus help ease the creation of virtual laboratory experiments and the conflict between teaching resources and the demand.We rely on our campus network to build a virtual biochemistry laboratory,with a view to promoting the biochemistry course construction and reforming the teaching methods