Objective To explore the value of imaging diagnosis on complications after kidney transplantation. Methods The radiologic appearances of 165 patients with postoperative complications were reviewed in a double blind method by two experienced radiologists. Results In the 158 patients with postoperative pulmonary infections, the main etiological causes according to their frequency were bacteria,fungus,virus,and so on. The postoperative pulmonary infections of the patients with renal transplantation were diagnosed as normal(28,17 7%),increased lung markings(44,27 8%) and pulmonary infection(84,53 2%) by chest X-rays and CT. The renal artery stenosis after kidney transplantation was diagnosed in 5 cases, and thrombosis of pancreas blood vessel after operation of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation was diagnosed in 1 case by DSA. Conclusions Radiography and CT scan are very useful in the clinical diagnosis of postoperative pulmonary infections in the patients with renal transplantation,and radiography should be the first choice for the imaging diagnosis. DSA is one of the ideal and reliable measns to diagnose the postoperative vascular complications in kidney transplant recipients.

Objective To explore the value of angiographic diagnosis and interventional therapy for Takayasu arteritis. Methods Thirty-eight patients with Takayasu Arteritis (TA)(11 men, 27 woman; aged 8-54; average age, 30.5?18) undergone angiography were analyzed retrospectively. The angiographic appearances in all of the patients were observed dynamically in a double blind method by two experienced radiologists together and formed a consensus interpretation. Results According to the classification of Lupi-Herrea, typeⅠwas found in 11 cases, typeⅡin 15, typeⅢin 7 and typeⅣin 5 by angiography. Among 38 patients the arterial involvement ineluded subclavian artery in 20 cases (52.6%), the abdominal aorta in 15 cases (39.5%), the renal artery in 14 cases (36.8%), thoracic aorta in 10 cases (26.3%), carotid artery in 9 cases (23.7%), iliac artery in 9 cases (23.7%), axillary artery in 7 cases (18.4%), superior mesenteric artery in 4 cases (10.5%), coronary artery in 3 cases (7.9%), pulmonary artery in 3 cases (7.9%), and so on. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed in 22 cases and the stent placement was managed in 12 cases successfully. Conclusions Angiography is one of the ideal and reliable methods for the diagnosis and guidance of the interventional treatment for TA, and the latter is a mini-invasive and effective way for TA.

Objective To compare health status of senior high school graduates living as urban vs suburban areas in Beijing.Methods Wilcoxon rank sun test,Ridit analysis and fuzzy mathematics synthesis were used to evaluate body shape index,physical function index and health defects indicator of 39 982 senior high school graduates in Beijing.Results A total of 9 117 urban boys,9 299 suburban boys,10 380 urban girls and 11 186 suburban girls were studied.For the boys,the urban was superior to the suburban areas in body shape index (Rurt=0.518,Rsub=0.482,P＜0.05) and physical function index (Rurt=0.520,Rsub=0.480,P＜0.05),and the urban was inferior to suburban areas in health defects indicator (Rurb=0.501,Rsub=0.554,P＜0.05) and the composite index (Ruurb=0.484,Rsub=0.516,P＜0.05).For the girls,the urban was superior to the suburban areas in physical function index (Rurb=0.562,Rsob=0.442,P＜0.05),and the urban was inferior to the suburban areas in health defects indicator (Rurb=0.473,Rsub=0.523,P＜0.05).The differences between urban and suburban areas tended to be of no statistical significance in body shape (U=5.79,P＞0.05) and composite index (U=5.73,P＞0.05).In fuzzy mathematics synthesis,the scores of urban boys,suburban boys,urban girls and suburban girls were 68.37,69.13,69.83 and 69.79,respectively.Conclusion Our investigation identified some differences in body shape index,physical function index and health defects indicator among senior high school graduates living at urban vs.suburban areas,although the differences of synthetical health were not statistically significant.

Objective To analyze CT features of retroperitoneal tumors or tumor-like lesion and to evaluate CT in localizating and qualitative diagnosis of diseases.Methods CT findings in 45 cases with pathologically-proved retroperitoneal tumor were retrospectively analyzed and compared with pathological results.Results There were 25 cases of benign tumors and 20 cases of malignant tumors.The CT features of benign tumors were homogeneous density,smooth peripheria with clear border,while mixed density,large and irregular in malignant tumors.The accuracy of localizating lesions was 89%,the accuracy of qualitative diagnosis was 78%,the accuracy of histologic evaluation was 49%.Conclusion CT imaging is valuable in diagnosing retroperitoneal tumors.CT can make accurate localization of tumors and identify the nature of tumors,but is limited in evaluating histologic types.

Objective To summarize the imaging features of neurofibromatosis.Methods Imaging data of 7 patients with neurofibromatosis proven by operation and clinical syndrome,were retrospectively analyzed.Results In 7 cases of neurofibromatosis,the findings of CT and MRI displayed 3 cases of bilateral vestibular schwannoma,2 of which were combined with optical nerve glioma;1 case of optical nerve glioma complicated with neurofibromatosis under cervical dura;1 case of meningioma and 2 cases with the changes of dura spinal sac.The last two cases displayed abnormal skull and spinal canal,concave change of vertebra and enlarged dura spinal sac,partially stretched to never root on CT plain flim and MRI.Conclusion Neurofibromatosis can be definitely diagnosed by optimal imaging examination based on comprehensive analysis of imaging features and typical syndromes.

To observe the chelation of GRP78 with lead (Pb) and its localization changes, astroglial cells from Wistar rat brain were primarily cultured in medium with acetate Pb. The processes were terminated at different time points. The immunoprecipitation (IP) and Western blotting were used for GRP78 purification and expression and the Pb concentration was determined by employing atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The localization change of GRP78 was observed with colloid gold immunoelectron microscopy. The results showed that the expression of GRP78 was increased significantly in the cells treated with 1.0 mumol/L acetate Pb for 24 h and peaked at 96-192 h (P<0.01), and at the 12th day, the expression of GRP78 began to decrease but was still higher than normal (P<0.05). Pb content started to increase when cells were treated by acetate Pb for 24 h, and the peak appeared at 8 day (P<0.01), and then Pb content decreased gradually, but was still higher than normal (P<0.05). GRP78 protein expression began to remarkably increase when it transferred from ER to the cytosol around the nuclei 24 h after treatment with Pb. It is concluded that GRP78 in astroglia could strongly chelate with Pb ions and it might be a target protein of Pb.

In order to meet the requirements of medical teaching contents and curriculum system reform, we adopt the experience ofHarvard University School of Medicine to integrate Biochemistry and Cell Biology into a new one—— "Chemistry and Biology of theCell". We have carried out the integration of the two courses three times. In this new course, repeated contents have been reduced, thelinkage of the two courses has been increased, and the burden of students was lightened,which makes students contact the clinic earlierand enables to improve the students' ability to solve problems.

BACKGROUND:Whether plumbum(Pb) exposure induced learning and memory disorder in animals is correlated with the changes of the activity of protein kinase C(PKC) in the brain tissue? OBJECTIVE:To investigate the alterative rules of PKC activity in the brain tissue of rat in development stage under chronic exposure of Pb and its effects on the memory development of the mice. DESIGN:A randomized controlled study employing experimental animals as subjects. SETTING: Cellbiology Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health,China Medical University. MATERIALS:The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of China Medical University. Totally 72,5- 6 weeks old Kunming mice were selected. METHODS:Lead acetate of different concentration was used to feed female mice after copulation.Fetal mice contacted Pb through breast feeding and drinking water.Fetal mice were executed separately on 1st day(P1),8th day(P8),15th day(P15),22nd day(P22), and 30th day(P30) after birth for brain tissue harvesting.PCK activity in the brain tissue of the mice exposed to Pb was detected in vitro by[γ 32P] ATP.Budding mice were exposed to lead acetate of different concentration for the observation of the effects of Pb in difference concentration on the memory of the mice through memory behavioral training and test by passive avoidance response experiments. RESULTS:PKC activity detection indicated that PKC activity in brain of Pb exposed budding mice during initial growth stage was higher than normal,while it was lower than normal during advanced stage of growth.High concentration Pb had relative stronger inhibition on PKC activity.Memory behavioral training indicated that low concentration Pb would induce elevation of memory curve in the initial stage of the development in mice but reduction of memory curve in middle and long term.The increase of Pb concentration would reduce memory curve. CONCLUSION:Pb has inhibitive effects on the development of PKC activity in brain tissue of mice:the higher the Pb concentration is, the more significant the inhibition is.Low concentration Pb seems to have stimulatory effects on memory in short period while long term exposure to Pb would induce memory inhibition.The inhibitive effect of high concentration Pb is more significant.Pb has certain correlation with PKC activity in brain tissues of budding mice and memory function.

Objective To investigate the procedure,imaging features and clinical significance of CT virtual gastroscopy(CTVG) in the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma using bi-tilted CT scanning.Methods Thirty patients and ten normal volunteers had bitilted CT scan using helical CT(GE lightspeed 16 CT).The patients and yolunteers were given bubble-making powder by mouth and placed in a supine position on the CT table.CTVG and MPR images were obtained using the virtual dissection and reform of GE.Results The appearances of the inner lesion and normal wall of the stomach on CTVG were similar to those on fiberoptic gastroscopy.The CTVG and MPR features of gastric cancer were focal or diffuse mural thickening,soft tissue mass,stenosis of stomach,cancerous ulcer,infiltration to adjacent tissues,and lymph node and distant metastases.In comparison with fiberoptic gastroscopy(as the gold standard),CTVG showed a diagnostic accuracy of 92.5 %,a sensitivity of 93.3 %,a specificity of 90.0 %,a positive prediction value of 96.7 %,and a negative prediction value of 81.8 %.Conclusions CTVG is a safe,reliable,non-invasive method for demonstrating the structure of normal and abnormal stomach,and is a good complementory method to conventional fiberoptic gastroscopy.

Objective:To construct the eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying hTERT-P2A-EGFP, and to explore its expression and transfection efficiency in the HEK293FT cells.Methods:The recombinant plasmid was constructed by using pBABE-puro-hTERT and pRRLSIN-cPPT-MSCV-EGFP plasmids.The hTERT,P2A,and EGFP genes were obtained using pBABE-puro-hTERT as template by PCR.And the correct hTERT was inserted into pRRLSIN-cPPT-MSCV-EGFP vector.Then the recombinant plasmid containing hTERT-P2A-EGFP gene was obtained and identified.The HEK293FT cells were transfected by the recombinant plasmid, and the expression of green fluorescence protein(GFP) was observed by fluorescence microscope.Results:The PCR results showed that the fragments of hTERT, P2A, and EGFP were 3 400, 110 and 720 bp.And the length of gene fragment(hTERT-P2A-EGFP)was 4 300 bp by enzyme digestion.The results of sequencing showed that the 1 547 site of the target gene was mutated.Using site-directed mutagenesis, the 1 547 site was successfully mutated.And the target gene sequence was completely identical with the sequence published in GenBank.The recombinant plasmid was transfected into the HEK293FT cells, and GFP was observed in the cells.The results of flow cytometry showed that the transfection efficiency of recombinant plasmid was 44.8%.Conclusion:The recombinant plasmid carrying hTERT-P2A-EGFP gene is successfully constructed, and it can be used for cell transfection.