Objective To assess the effects of 670nm LED (light-emitting diode) to protect the photoreceptor from the light-induced damage in a rat model. Methods 32 SD rats were randomly assigned to one of eight groups: untreated control group, the LED-treated control group, three groups of light-induced damage,and three groups of light-induced damage treated with LED. Light-induced damage result from exposing to constant light for 3 hours of different illuminations of 900,1800 and 2700 lx, respectively. The LED treatment (50 mW) was delivered for 30 minutes at 3 hours before the light damage and 0,24 and 48 hours after the light damage. Retinal function and morphology were measured by electroretinogram (ERG) and histopathology assay. Results The illumination of 900 lx for 3 hours did not damage the rat retina. The illumination of 1800 lx for 3 hours resulted in thinner ONL and no OS and IS. The ratio of damaged area/total retinal area was 0.48±0.12, the damaged thickness of ONL/normal ONL (L5) was 0.39±0.07,and the amplitude of ERG b wave was (431±120) μV. With the LED treatment the ratio of damaged area decreased (M6=0.17±0.12, P5/6=0.002), and the ratio of the damaged thickness of ONL also decreased (L6=0.22±0.09, P5/6<0.01), and the amplitude of ERG b wave increased to (1011±83) μV(P5/6 <0.001). The illumination of 2700 lx for 3 hours caused severed damage to the rat retina and the LED could not protect them significantly. Conclusions 670 nm LED treatment has an evident protective effect on retinal cells against light-induced damage, which may be a simple and effective therapy to prevent or to delay age-related maeular degeneration.

Objective:To establish the high performance liquid chromatography-fingerprints( HPLC-FPS)of Chaihu Shugan pills. Methods:The analysis was performed on a Zirchrom Kromasil C18 column with the mobile phase of methanol-water(containing 0. 05%phosphoric acid)with gradient elution at a flow-rate of 0. 8 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength was set at 294 nm and the column temperature was 30℃. Results:With baicalin as the reference substance,there were 24 common peaks in the fingerprints to establish the fingerprint common pattern. The similarity among the 16 batches of samples was calculated,and the results showed it was within the range of 0. 690-0. 993,suggesting the differences among the samples from different factories. Conclusion:The establishment of the fingerprints provides a simple and practical analysis method for more comprehensive regulation of medicinal material sources,effective quality monitoring of the products and the assurance of effective and safe clinical application.

Objective To investigate the relation between endothelial repairing function and in-stent restenosis in patients with symptomatic middle cerebral arterial (MCA) stenosis after stent implantation.Method Sixty-six patients with symptomatic MCA stenosis underwent percutaneous stent implantation.Cranial CTA revealed that 23 patients had MCA restenosis (restenosis group) 1 year after stenting,including 14 cases with ＞50％ stenosis and 1 case with MCA occlusion,and 43 patients had no restenosis (non-restenosis group).The number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) was examined by flow cytometry,the adhesion function of EPC was tested by adhesion assay,the migration ability of EPC was tested by Transwell method and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were measured by ELISA.The relationship of endothelial repairing function with restenosis was analyzed.Results The MCA stent implantations were successfully performed in all patients.The EPC number (33.7 ± 4.6 vs.61.6 ± 6.4),adhesion activities (26.1 ± 7.5 vs.56.3-± 9.6),migration activities (12.0 ± 3.9 vs.21.4 ± 6.5) and serum VEGF level [(56.7 ± 14.6) vs.(89.6 ± 17.32) ng/L] in restenosis group were significantly lower than those in non-restenosis group (t =18.48,13.09,6.34 and 7.73,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For patients with MCA stenosis after percutaneous stent implantation the increased risk of in-stent restenosis is associated with low level of EPCs and their migration ability,and low serum VEGF level.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of medical thoracoscopy in the diagnosis of exudative pleural effusions with unknown etiology.Methods We analyzed retrospectively the clinical data of 180 patients with undiagnosed pleural effusions who underwent medical thoracoscopy and appraised clinical value regarding validity,effectivity and applicability of thoracoscopy.Result In 180 cases of pleural effusion,there were 178 cases of patients with a clear diagnosis,including 87 cases of tuberculous pleurisy,28 cases of malignant tumor,malignant breast bildes mesothelioma in 2,lung cancer in 24,bile duct carcinoma in 1,cercival cancer in 1),pneumonia 58 case fo pyothorax,5 caseso of pyothorax,and 2 cases withou clear diagnosis.No check failure and terminate,the 95％CI was 5 cases of 97.78％-99.98％.Conclusions Medical thoracoscopy is a safe and effective method in the diagnosis of exudative pleural effusions with unknown aetiology.The early application of this method is very helpful for the management of the pleural diseases in suitable patients.

Objective:To investigate the purification of antibacterial effective fraction of Syringae folium by macroporous resins. Methods:Static adsorption and desorption tests were carried out to screen the macroporous resins. The desorption experiment was per-formed on the selected D101 resin to optimize the separation process. The effects of resin amount, diameter length ratio, elution flow rate, elution solution concentration and volume were studied. Results:The optimal conditions were as follows:the elution solution was 55% ethanol, the adsorption flow rate was 1 BV·h-1 , the elution flow rate was 5 BV·h-1 , 6 BV 25% ethanol was used to eliminate impurity and 8 BV 55% ethanol was used to elute to obtain the effective fraction. Conclusion: The content of antibacterial effective component is above 65% after purified by D101 resin, indicating that the present method is suitable for large-scale preparation of anti-bacterial effective fraction of Syringae folium.

Objective To study safety and efficacy of transurethral Thulium laser resection of high-risk stage bladder tumor in anticoagulant state.Methods A total of 26 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients receiving long-term anticoagulant therapy,including 16 cases with cerebral infarction,7 cases with coronary heart disease,3 patients with coronary stenting,were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital from July 2012 to July 2014.In condition not stopping anticoagulants,Thulium laser transurethral resection of bladder tumor was performed,and hemoglobin,thrombin time,the operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative bladder irrigation duration,postoperative hospital stay,bladder tumor recurrence within two years,the postoperative complications were recorded before and after surgery.Results All patients were successfully treated.The operative time was(29.1 ± 12.8) min,int raoperative blood loss was (29.4 ± 16.9) ml portions,postoperative bladder irrigation time was (1.25 ± 0.55) d,postoperative hospital stay was(5.51 ± 1.06) d.Hemoglobin before and after operation were (131.35 ± 6.57) g/L and (129.75 ± 11.05) g/L respectively,there was no statistically significant differences (t =1.014,P ＞ 0.05) between them.Prothrombin time before and after operation were (12.50 ± 0.25) s and(12.44 ± 0.27) s,with no statistically significant difference (t =0.908,P＞0.05)between them.During the followed-up of 48 months,tumor recurred at heterotopia in 2 patients.Conclusions Thulium laser transurethral resection of bladder tumor is safe and effective for patients undergoing long-term oral anticoagulation drugs,without a needto stop taking anticoagulant drugs.

Objective:To explore the correlation between parents′ posttraumatic growth, mental resilience and family functioning in children with autism spectrum disorder.Methods:Using the convenience sampling method, 169 parents of children with autism spectrum disorders were selected. General data questionnaire, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD - RISC) and Family Assessment Device (FAD) were investigated.Results:The total PTGI score of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder was 58.79±18.92. The scores of appreciation of life, new possibilities, personal strength, relating to others and spiritual change were 19.49±6.15, 10.46±4.59, 9.05±3.32, 7.79±3.65, 12.01±3.83. The PTGI score of 37.3% parents was lower than 52, which was at a low level. Parents in the high score (> 74) group and the low score (< 52) group had statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) in the total score of CD - RISC and scores in all dimensions, as well as the differences in the scores of the four dimensions of FAD, namely problem solving, communication, role and behavior control. The total score of PTGI of parents was positively correlated with the total score of CD - RISC and the scores of its all dimensions ( r values were 0.201-0.317, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the scores of Problem Solving, Communication and Behavioral Control of FAD ( r values were -0.233 - -0.196, P<0.05). Conclusions:The parents of children with autism spectrum disorder have an average level of posttraumatic growth. People with better mental resilience and healthier family functions have higher post-traumatic growth level.

Objective To retrospectively investigate the value of contrast enhanced ultrasound ( CEUS) in breast cancer biopsy . Methods A total of 49 consecutive patients with biopsy confirmed breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed . All patients underwent CEUS and biopsies were thus performed targeting both the high perfusion and low/non‐perfusion regions on CEUS . T he diagnostic performance and core cancer involvement of the biopsy cores taken from the high perfusion regions were compared with those from the low/non‐perfusion . Results A total of 53 breast cancer lesions were biopsy confirmed in 49 patients .CEUS revealed homogeneous enhancement in 8 lesions ( 15 .1% ) ,and heterogeneous enhancement in 45 lesions ( 84 .9% ) . T he diagnostic accuracy rate for biopsy cores taken from the high perfusion regions was significantly higher than that from the low/non‐perfusion regions ( 98 .5% vs 72 .9% , P ＜0 .01) . T he core cancer involvement was also higher in high perfusion lesions ( 55% vs 30% , P ＜0 .01) . Conclusions CEUS can differentiate the active area and necrotic fibrosis area of breast tumors by displaying the microvessels ,thus contributing to the selection of biopsy sites .

Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics and clinical significance of non-bacterial respiratory pathogens in children with respiratory tract infection.Methods:A total of 5 718 children with respiratory tract infection treated in outpatient, emergency and inpatient of Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Pharyngeal swabs were collected and nucleic acids of 7 common non-bacterial respiratory pathogens were detected and analyzed by double amplification technique. Chi square test was used to compare the rates. Results:A total of 5 718 children were included in the study.At least one respiratory pathogen nucleic acid positive was detected in 1 835 cases (32.09%). A total of 98 children had mixed infection of more than 2 pathogens (1.71%), which were mainly Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and parainfluenza virus (PIV). The positive rates of 7 respiratory pathogens from high to low were MP (12.31%), PIV (6.23%), RSV (6.14%), influenza A virus (4.62%), adenovirus (2.80%), influenza B virus (1.40%) and chlamydia pneumoniae (0.33%). The positive rate of pathogens in male patients was 32.07% (1 073/3 346 cases), which was 32.12% (762/2 372 cases) in female patients.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of pathogens between males and females ( χ2=0.002, P=0.964). The positive rate of MP infection in male patients was significantly lower than that in females (11.48% vs. 13.49%) ( χ2=5.217, P=0.022). The total positive rate of infection in the 6 to <12 years old group was the highest (42.41%). The total positive rate (44.93%) and mixed infection rate (3.33%) were significantly higher in the fourth quarter than those of the others (30.43% vs.27.31% vs.34.59% vs.44.93%, 1.23% vs.1.10% vs.1.40% vs.3.33%; χ2=110.971, 26.968, all P<0.001). The total positive rate of pathogen infection in the outpatient and emergency department was 41.74% (606/1 452 cases), which was significantly higher than that of hospitalized children (31.13%) (1 328/4 266 cases) ( χ2=54.438, P<0.001). Conclusions:Non-bacterial respiratory pathogens are important pathogens leading to respiratory tract infections in children, among which MP infection is the most prevalent.Timely and accurate detection of pathogens is helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infection and avoiding the abuse of antibiotics.

Objective:To assess the utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) targeted biopsy (TB) for clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa) detection.Methods:A total of 983 consecutive patients scheduled for prostate biopsy from October 2015 to March 2019 in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients had suspicious lesions on CEUS, defined as increased focal contrast enhancement, rapid contrast enhancement and low enhancement lesions with ill-defined borders. Suspicious lesions on CEUS were sampled in addition with standard 12-core systematic biopsy(SB). Clinically significant PCa was defined using Epstein criteria. The clinically significant PCa detection rate by CEUS-TB and combined biopsy was evaluated in comparison with SB.Results:In 502 of the 983 patients, the diagnosis of PCa was histologically confirmed, including 445 patients with clinically significant PCa and 57 patients with clinically insignificant PCa. The clinically significant PCa by CEUS-TB and combined biopsy were 41.9% (412/983) and 45.3% (445/983) respectively, which was significantly higher than SB (36.8%, 362/983)(all P<0.001). CEUS-TB resulted in additional 83 cases of clinically significant PCa, including 61 patients missed by SB and 22 patients under-graded by SB. Conclusions:CEUS is helpful in the detection of PCa lesions. Combined CEUS-TB and SB can improve the clinically significant PCa detection rate.