PurposeTo prospectively investigate the effect of gadolinium contrast media on the quality of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI images and the quantification of corresponding parameters for abdominal solid organs, and to explore the appropriate time for abdominal IVIM scan.Materials and MethodsTwenty patients underwent the same abdominal IVIM scan before and after gadolinium contrast administration. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of liver, spleen, pancreas and kidneys were measured on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) images at b=50 s/mm2, 300 s/mm2 and 800 s/mm2. SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (n=16) were also calculated. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and IVIM parameters including pure diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*) and perfusion fraction (f) of liver, spleen, kidneys parenchyma and HCC were measured and compared. ResultsSNR of liver on post-contrast DWI at b=50 s/mm2 were significantly lower than that of pre-contrast (t=2.397,P<0.05). CNR of HCC increased significantly on b=300 s/mm2 DWI images after contrast (t=-3.380,P<0.01). SNR of kidneys on DWI of any b value decreased after contrast administration (Z=-2.675--2.201,P<0.05). SNR of spleen, pancreas and HCC were not statistically different between pre-contrast and post-contrast images (t orZ=-1.324-1.104,P>0.05). As for IVIM parameters, only ADC and D values of kidneys demonstrated a significant reduction after contrast (ADC:t=3.569,P<0.01; D:Z=-3.053,P<0.01). No significant differences were detected for all parameters of liver, spleen and HCC between pre-contrast and post-contrast images (t=-1.102-1.689,P>0.05). ConclusionAdministration of gadolinium contrast media may result in decrease of SNR of liver on low b value DWI and SNR of kidneys at any b value, but it increases CNR of hepatic lesions on medium b value DWI. Administration of gadolinium contrast media does not make a significant effect on SNR of spleen, pancreas and hepatic lesions. Furthermore, ADC and D values of kidneys decrease after administration of gadolinium contrast media. There is no significant influence of contrast medium on DWI and IVIM parameters of liver, hepatic lesions and spleen.

Objective To study the change of chromosomal centrimeric dots(Cd)aberration of patents infected by CMV after anti-virus treatment.Methods 22 cases who had spontaneous abortion early and infected by CMV(PCR detection)were studied.We analyzed their blood Cd by simultaneous silver attaining technique before and after treatment by anti-virus medicines respectively.Results The rate of Cd aberration of patients infected by CMV was higher.But after treatment by anti-virus drugs,the rate would decrease gradually(P

AIM: To explore the changes of myocardial energy metabolism and adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) activity in mitochondria in rats exposed to hypoxia. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to simulated high altitude at 5 000 m for control (0 d), 1 d, 5 d, 15 d, 30 d in hypobaric chamber. Myocardial mitochondria were isolated by centrifugation. Mitochondria respiratory function was measured by Clark oxygen electrode. The size of adenine nucleotides pool (ATP, ADP, AMP) in mitochondria were separated and measured by HPLC. ANT activity was measured by [3H]-ADP incorporation. RESULTS: Compared to control, mitochondria state Ⅲ respiratory (ST_3) and RCR decreased and ST_4 increased sharply at 1 d, 5 d and 15 d, ST_3 still lower than that in control at 30 d, while RCR level restored. ATP contents and ANT activity decreased at 1 d and 5 d, then restored to control level at 15 d, then decreased again at 30 d. CONCLUSION: The inhibition of mitochondria respiratory function is the main reason that makes ATP contents decrease during hypoxic exposure. ANT activity and ATP content change cooperatively.

BACKGROUND: Pharmacological researches demonstrate that Chinese crude drugs of invigorating the kidney contain flavonoids such as prepared rhizome of rehmannia and kudzuvine root, they possess phytoestrogenic effect, among them, isoflavone acts as a regulator of estrogen receptor.OBJECTIVE: To approach the effects of self-planned Bushen Huoxue Fang (BSHXF) on the serum estradiol and estrogen receptor α mRNA expression in pituitary gland in rats with collagen-induced arthritis. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized grouping controlled animal experiment was performed in the central laboratory of Bethune Intemational Peace Hospital of Chinese PLA between May 2006 and May 2008. MATERIALS: Sixty female and healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operated group (n=10) and operation group (n=50). Operation group was reproduced collagen-induced arthritis model at 2 weeks following ovariectomy. The rats of arthritic index ≥ 5 were assigned into model group, BSHXF group, methotrexate (MTX) group, and MTX + BSHXF group, each group included 10 rats. The Chinese crude drugs were bought from LERENTANG drugstore in Shijiazhuang, including rhizoma drynariae, safflower, prepared rhizome of rehmannia, Herba Epimedii, danshen root, kudzuvine root and so on. After routine decoction, centrifugalization, rogue and condensing 1.3 kg/L decoction, the solution was sealed up, divided pack and reserved at 4℃.METHODS: Sham operated group and model group were intragastrically administered with normal saline 2 mL per day; BSHXF group with BSHXF decoction 2 mL per day; MTX group with MTX 2.6 mg/kg (2 mL) once a week, and normal saline 2 mL per day at other time points; MTX + BSHXF group with MTX 2.6 mg/kg (2 mL) once a week and BSHXF juice 2 mL per day. Each group was given 6 weeks.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: After blooding by abdominalis aorta, magnetic-split enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was applied to detect the level of serum estradiol. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction detected the expression of estrogen receptor a mRNA in rat pituitary gland.RESULTS: Compared with model group, the expression of estrogen receptor a mRNA in pituitary gland increased in the MTX group, but there was not statistically significant. BSHXF + MTX group showed a significantly increased expression (P < 0.01). The expression of estrogen receptor α mRNA in BSHXF group was higher than MTX group, but lower than BSHXF + MTX group (P < 0.05). No significant difference existed between BSHXF group, BSHXF + MTX group and sham operation group. Compared with sham operation group, there were statistically significant decrease of estradiol in the model group. Compared with model group, the estradiol levels were shown to increase in three treatment groups. Among them, MTX group had slightly slower level with no significant difference (P > 0.05), while BSHXF + MTX group had the most obvious increase, which was close to normal level (P < 0.01). There was a significantly positive correlation between estradiol and the expression of estrogen receptor o mRNA (r=0.483, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Serf-planned BSHXF possessing oestrogenic hormonelike role can elevate the level of serum estradiol and upregulate the expression of estrogen receptor a mRNA in pituitary gland.

Objective To examine the consistency between asthma children's self-assessment health-related quality of life and their proxies' assessment, to give theoretic basis of clinical treatment for asthma children. Methods Parents and asthma children completed the PedsQLTM 4.0 Generic Core Scales and PedsQLTM 3.0 Asthma Module during an outpatient visit or in the hospital. Wilcoxon signed rank test and ICC were used to compare the difference between asthma children's self-report and their proxies' report. Results The findings indicated that neither the total scores nor domain scores (except physiological domain) between asthma children's self-reports and proxies' reports (parents most of all)showed inconsistency. The value of ICC was not less than 0.7 except physiological dimension and showed consistency. Some different information in several domains was founded by the scores after layered by age. Conclusions There are consistency between children's self assessment of health-related quality of life and their proxies' assessment based upon results of PedsQLTM scale.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of paroxetine combined with low dose of olanzapine on sleep process and architec-ture of depression patients with insomnia. METHODS:84 depression patients with insomnia were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Control group was given 20 mg Paroxetine tablet,once every morning;observation group was addi-tionally given 2.5 mg Olanzapine tablet,once before going to bed. Sleep quality [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)],depres-sion scores [Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)],sleep process [sleep latency (SL),awakening times (AT),the actual total sleep time (TST),sleep efficiency (SE),rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency (RL)] and sleep architecture [sleep stage 1 (S1),2(S2),3(S3)and the proportion of REM to sleep] in 2 groups before and 3,6 months after treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions(ADR)were observed. RESULTS:After treatment,PSQI and HAMD scores in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and gradually decreased by time,and observation group was lower than control group;TST in observation group was significantly higher than before and control group,S1 in observation group was significantly lower than before,SE,S3 and REM in 2 groups were significantly higher than before,and observation group was higher than control group,SL,AT,RL and S2 were significantly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no obvious ADR in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Paroxetine combined with low dose of olanzapine can sig-nificantly relieve depression,optimize sleep process and sleep architecture,then impove sleep quality.

Objective　To study　how　ConA actives macrophages in vivo to produce cytotoxic effectors and its phagocytic functions,and　 cytotoxicity. Methods　 ConA was intraperitoneally injected(ip). Cock red blood cells(cRBC) were used to evaluate MΦ phagocytic activity,and S180 cells as target cells to analyze MΦ dependent cytotoxicity(MTC).Nitric oxide(NO),TNF-α　and IL-1 levels of MΦ cultural supernatant were measured using griess reagent,L929 cells MTT method and thymocytes proliferation test respectively. Results　 ConA could promote MΦ　to phagocytize cRBC and kill S180 cells,enhance the production of such factors as NO,TNF-α　and IL-1 by MΦ. There was significant difference compared with PBS　control group(P＜0.01). Conclusions　 ConA could stimulate MΦ to produce effectors, which mediate immune regulation of ConA to MΦ.

Objective To detect the expression of Survivin and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma,and investigate their roles and mutual correlations in pathogenesis and progression of prostatic carcinoma.Methods The expression of Survivin and HIF-1α in proliferative lesions of prostate (15 cases) and prostatic carcinoma (62 cases) were detected by immunohistochemistry method.The relationship between the expressions of Survivin and HIF-1α was analyzed,as well as their correlations with clinicopathological features.Results The positive expression of Survivin and HIF-1α were significantly higher in the prostatic carcinoma [71.0 ％ (44/62) and 69.4 ％ (43/62),respectively] compared with those of the prostatic proliferation [6.7 ％ (1/15) and 0] (x2 =20.56,P 0.001; x2 =23.56,P =0.001,respectively).The expression of Survivin and HIF-1α in prostate carcinoma was significantly related with the histological grading,clinical staging (x2 =10.64,5.39,7.62,6.43,all P ＜ 0.05).And there was positively correlated between Survivin and HIF-lα (rs =0.350,P =0.006).Conclusion Survivin and HIF-1α synergistically play important roles in pathogenesis and progression of prostatic carcinoma.

Objective:To observe the effect of Radix Paeoniae Rubra on intimal proliferation,activating of angiotensin Ⅱ(AgⅡ) and expression of Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1(MKP-1) after carotid artery balloon injury in cholesterol-fed rabbits.Methods: Male rabbits were randomly divided into Radix Paeoniae Rubra(PPR) groups: high dose group(75、50、25g.kg-1.d-1;n=8),middle dose group(2g.kg-1.d-1),low dose group(1g.kg-1.d-1;n=8) and control group.Both groups received high fat forage(2% cholesterol + 5% lard).Balloon injury of carotid artery was performed.Carotid artery were harvested at the end of 10 weeks.Expression level of AgⅡwas measured by radioimmunoassay.MKP-1 expression was determined by RT-PCR.Immunohistochemical staining and morphological detection were adopted.Results: Compare with control group,expression of AgⅡ decreased obviously(P

Objective L-selectin is an important adhesion molecule,which is the lymph cell's homing receptor specifically expressed on leukocytes.A non-lymphoma cell line-HCa-F has the high potential ability of metastasis to peripheral lymph nodes,whose character is similar to lymphoma's.We want to explore whether the HCa-F cell's metastasis mechanism is also similar to lymphoma's,that is to say,whether HCa-F cell can also express L-selectin and the expression of L-selectin bring about the lymph node metastasis character. Methods First,?-fetoprotein,CD3 and CD20's monoclonal antibodies were used to identify the origin of HCa-F cell;then we analysed whether the HCa-F cell can express L-selectin by means of flow cytometry analysis,RT-PCR,and Western blotting;finally,Stamper-Woodruff method was used to examine the L-selectin's function. Results Immunostaining showed that the HCa-F cell was ?-fetoprotein positive,CD3 and CD20 negative cell line,which suggests that it is a liver cell line.And results of flow cytometry,RT-PCR,and Western blotting showd that HCa-F cell can express L-selectin.Additionally,anti-L-selectin's antibody can inhibit the adhesion between HCa-F cells and frozen section of mouse lymph node.Conclusion L-selectin expressed on HCa-F cells is a functional molecule which can facilitate HCa-F cell's metastasis to lymph nodes.