BACKGROUND:Implant stability is the basic requirement of osseointegration and also one of important parameters to judge whether the implant is implanted successfully. Generaly, the implant stability is closed related to bone quality (bone hardness and bone density) in the implant zone, implant shape, diameter and length. OBJECTIVE:To continuously monitor the changing trend of implant stability during early healing period due to the utilization of osteotome technique by resonance frequency analysis. METHODS:Twenty patients with class Ⅳ defects in the posterior maxila who underwent implant restoration (4.8 mm×12 mm) from 2010 to 2011 at the Department of Stomatology, the 521 Hospital of China North Industries Group Corporation were recruited. Resonance frequency analysis was used to measure the implant stability at implant insertion, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the implants achieved osseintegration uneventfuly within 12 weeks. At implant instalation, the mean implant stability quotient value was 69.66±4.75. An increase trend in implant stability quotient values was visible within 1 week, and the implant stability quotient value reached the peaked at 1 week, and then decreased to the lowest point at 2 weeks, which were significantly different from that at implant instalation (P < 0.05). In the secondary stability phase, the increasing slope of implant stability quotient values reached a plateau by the 8th week. The resonance frequency analysis can estimate the quantitative change of implant stability after applying the osteotome technique, and the osteotome technique can promote the implant initial stability.

Objective To compare the energy expenditure of a hemicorporectomy amputee moving with different mobility devices. Methods A middle-aged male hemicorporectomy amputee was measured with cardiopulmonary exercise test when moving with 4 kinds of transport: socket, cart, wheelchair, and prosthesis. Results The patient moved the slowest with prosthesis, fastest with wheelchair. The heart rate was the highest with prosthesis and lowest with cart. The absolute oxygen consumption, the relative volume of oxygen consumption and metabolic (Mets) were the most when hand walking with socket, and lowest with cart. Conclusion Hand walking with socket costs the largest energy when walking, and the rest are prosthesis, wheelchair, and cart.

Objective To investigate the neural circuit of inhibitory control in late-onset depressed patients(LOD) by functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI). Methods Fourteen late-onset depressed patients (LOD group) and thirteen elderly healthy subjects( control group) were recruited. The two groups were age, gender, and education matched. All the subjects performed a visual Go/Nogo task during the fMRI scan. Erect or inverted isosceles triangular figures were used for stimuli. The two groups were instructed to press a button as quickly and correctly as possible when the erect triangular figures(Go) were presented, but not to response when the inverted triangular figures(Nogo) were presented. The differences of brain activation between the two groups were compared. Results ( 1 ) During Go trials, there were no significant differences in reaction time and hit rate between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ). During Nogo trials, however, the late-onset depressed patients showed much higher false alarm rate(0.09 ±0.06) compared with control group(0.04 ±0.02) (P＜0.05＝. (2) During Go trials , LOD group showed significantly greater activity in left postcentral gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, right precentral gyrus, left paracentral lobule, right inferior parietal lobule, right anterior cingulate cortex, left middle frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus compared with the control group. Whereas during Nogo trials, LOD group exhibited greater activity in left inferior parietal lobule and left middle frontal gyrus compared with the control group. Conclusion This study suggests that inhibitory control dysfunction in late-onset depressed patients may be closely related to frontostriatal circuit impairment. Over activation in left middle frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and right anterior cingulate cortex may contribute to the pathogenesis of late-onset depression.

Objective To present our initial experience of using transumbilical multi-stab laparoscopic pyeloplasty(TMLP) as a treatment for the infants younger than 3 months with severe hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO).Methods Seventy-two infants younger than 3 months with severe hydronephrosis caused by UPJO underwent TMLP from June 2010 to March 2013 in our center.The average age received operation was 34 days (7-87 days).The operative indications included:① prenatal diagnosis of Society of Fetal Urology Grade 4 hydronephrosis; ②ipsilateral differential renal function being less than 40％.Patients were followed up with physical examinations,ultrasound and radionuclide scans.Results The operations were successfully performed in all the 72 patients.Neither conversion nor additional trocars placement was required and there was no intraoperative complication.The average operative time was 75 min (range,53-118 min).The patients were followed up for 6-36 months (mean,12 months).The renal pelvic anteroposterior diameters were reduced and the renal functions were improved (P＜ 0.05).The anastomoses were proved to be patent and the renal parenchymal thickeness increased.In addition,the scars were barely noticeable.Conclusions TMLP for the infants younger than 3 months with severe hydronephrosis caused by UPJO is feasible,safe and less invasive.The cosmetic results are excellent.But the surgery must be operated by rich experienced surgeon.

Objective To explore the alteration of brain pain functional areas in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) overlap by rectal balloon volume stimulation and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the differences with IBS alone patients and healthy individuals were compared.Methods A total of 11 IBS alone patients,16 IBS overlapped with FD patients (IBS-FD) and 10 healthy controls were recruited.Sensory thresholds and visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded during the rectal balloon air injection process. The changes of brain activated areas were analyzed by functional MRI (fMRI) when the rectum was stimulated at the volume of 50,100 and 150 ml.The data were analyzed by least significant difference (LSD) test.Results Under rectal volumetric stimulation,the sensory thresholds of IBS-FD group and IBS alone group were (53.14 ± 16.05) ml and (59.20 ± 20.55) ml and the difference was not statistically significant (LSD test,P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in VAS score between IBS alone group and IBS-FD group (LSD test,P＞0.05).Rectal stimulated under different volume,the results of fMRI indicated the activation of anterior cingulated cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,postporietal cortex,thalamus and insular cortex in both IBS alone group and IBS-FD group.And there was no significant difference in activated areas and intensity between IBS alone group and IBS-FD group (LSD test,P＞0.05).Conclusions There was no significant difference in activations of brain areas between IBS alone and IBS-FD patients under rectal volumetric stimulation. Under rectal volumetric stimulation,although symptoms overlapped,there was no evidence of the overlap of braingut axis and visceral hypersensitivity between IBS alone and IBS-FD.

Objective To investigate the biological effect of anti-leukemic cells induced by eosinophilic granulocyte (EOS) in bone marrow of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).Methods The BCR-ABL fusion gene as well as the expression of IL-12 and IL-17 mRNA were performed by RT-PCR.The serum concentrations of cytokine IL-12 and IL-17 were determined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA).Immunochemistry staining and cytochemistry staining were used to observe the peroxydase (POX) and human Leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression of EOS in bone marrow.Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe mannose receptor (MR),IL-12,IL-17A and IL-17receptor A (IL-17RA) expression of EOS.The results between the CML patients and the healthy controls were compared.Results Serum levels of IL-12 and IL-17 were higher in the 60 CML patients [(196.33 ±21.79) ng/L and (36.55-±3.01) ng/L] than those in the controls [(96.60 ±4.92) ng/L and (23.74 ±1.36) ng/L].In the 32 patients with activated EOS,the levels of IL-12 and IL-17 were (273.12 ± 17.16)ng/L and (40.11 ± 6.13) ng/L,which were significantly higher than those in the non-activated EOS [(126.16 ± 14.27) ng/L and (28.14 ±5.29) ng/L] (P values ＜0.01).IL-12 and IL-17 mRNA were expressed in activated EOS,while BCR-ABL fusion gene was not found.The amounts of EOS were increased abnormally in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of the CML patients with POX positive staining in the cytoplasm and weakly positive HLA-DR staining.It was observed easily by a microscope that EOS could attack leukemic cells in bone marrow through adhesion,capture and phagocytosis.Activated EOS could express IL-12,IL-17A and MR,which was related with the serum levels of these cytokines.Conclusions Activated EOS in bone marrow of CML patients could express IL-12 and IL-17.Activated EOS could induce coup injury to leukemic cell by releasing POX and expressing IL-12 and IL-17.It can also capture or swallow target cells via the expression of MR on the membrane.EOS may play an important role in the anti-tumor immunologic function in bone marrow of CML patients.

Objective To establish the quality standards of Gualou Guizhi Dropping Pills; To investigate the vitro dissolution. Methods HPLC was used to determine the contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, cinnamic acid, 6-gingerol, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritigenin in the dropping pills. The vitro dissolution rate of dropping pills was determined by rotating basket method. Results The calibration curves of paeoniflorin and albiflorin were in a good linearity in the range of 0.690–6.900 μg, 0.300–2.996 μg, respectively, and the average recoveries were 101.12% and 98.52%, respectively, with RSD of 2.24%, 1.37%, respectively. Cinnamic acid was linear in the range of 0.023–0.348 μg and the average recovery was 98.21% with RSD of 2.00%. 6-Gingerol was linear in the range of 0.025–0.382 μg, and the average recovery was 99.19% with RSD of 2.18%. The calibration curves of liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritigenin were in a good linearity in the ranges of 0.120–2.498 μg, 0.150–2.253 μg, and 0.010–0.147 μg, respectively, and the average recoveries were 99.80%, 100.38%, and 100.62%, respectively with RSD of 2.10%, 1.91%, 1.66%, respectively. The accumulated dissolution rates of seven kinds of elements in the dropping pills all reached more than 98% in 15 min. Conclusion The method is simple and accurate, with repeatability, which can be applied to the quality control of Gualou Guizhi Dropping Pills. The vitro dissolution rates meet relevant standards.

OBJECTIVETo provide references for the evolvement of medical devices labeling and manual administration in China,

METHODSBy content analysis, 10 juristic documents relevant to device labeling and manual were collected from FDA website, compared to which, the federal regulation was mainly analyzed.

RESULTSThere are five main differences of device labeling regulation between U.S.A. and China: juristic system, administrative scope, administrative target, characteristics and practice,

CONCLUSIONSA set of comprehensive juristic system for device labeling has been established by FDA. from which China should draw experience, to administrate the prescription devices and the over-the-counter devices in classification, and set up device labeling guidance, thus guarantee the safety and efficacy of device.

Objective To explore the changes of different brain regions of the human beings during completion of spatial working memory tasks under hyperthermia condition with functional magnetic yesonance.Methods Twenty-eight right-handed healthy young male volunteers were divided into control group and hyperthermia group randomly,and working memory task using block design was performed during behavioral test and fMRI scanning on both conditions.Activation intensity and location of different brain areas were compared in control and hyperthermia group.Results The activations of frontal,parietal,occipital and insular lobe were seen in both of the control group and the hyperthermia group.Right lateralization was shown in control group during spatial working memory (Li=0.05 1).While,in hyperthermia group the effect of the right lateralization significantly was enhanced (Li=0.103). Moreover,activation of bilateral middle frontal gyrus and right parietal lobe were significantly enhanced.Conclusion It is found for the first time that the hyperthermia could affect bilateral middle frontal gyrus and right parietal lobe,and enhance the effect of right lateralization in the spatial working memory task.

Objective To present the surgical technique of transumbilical laparoendoscopic singlesite pyeloplasty (LESS-P) for pediatric patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO).Methods Twenty-four pediatric patients with UPJO had transumbilical LESS-P performed by the same surgeon from June to December 2010.Sixteen patients were male and eight female aged from 2 to 62 months with an average age of 14 months.Eighteen patients had obstruction on the left side and six on the right side.Dismembered LESS-P was carried out with the Anderson-Hynes anastomosis where 5-0 sutures were uswed over a double J ureteric stent.Results All operations were successful.None was converted to open surgery and no additional sheath tube or incision besides the umbilicus was needed.No intraoperative complications occurred.Ectopic blood vessels were found in two patients during surgery.The mean operative time was 145 min,and the average blood loss about 10 ml.Abdominal drainage tubes remained for 2 -9 d after surgery.The mean postoperative hospital time was 7 d.Two patients had postoperative urinary fistula,which naturally disappeared at 4 and 7 d postoperation,respectively.Follow-up with ultrasound and diuretic renal scintigraphy found 23 patients had significantly decreased renal pelvis diameter,the remaining case showed no obvious change,but diuretic renography showed significantly improved excretion.ConclusionsPediatric transumbilical LESS-P could be safe and effective.LESS-P could achieve comparable clinic outcomes to standard laparoscopy.