It makes discussion on the fixation to children superficial vein retention needle,viewing that in nursing retention needle,besides improving nurses' operation skill,the scientific and reasonable fixation can further improve retention success rate.

In order to improve the sterilizer operators' skills and reduce sterilization failure caused by wrong operations, the standardized training and examinations were provided for the sterilizer operators in accordance with their years of working ex-perience and professional title. The results indicated that the standardized training could improve the quality of sterilization, prolong the life of sterilizer and avoid sterilization failure due to wrong operations.

This article reviews and summarizes the research data about vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia in recent years from the aspects of epidemiology,pathogeny,pathology,diagnosis,clinical manifestations,as well as its mechanism and treatment.

Genomic DNA of the two bacterial strains including Escherichia coli DH5? and Enterobacter cloacae E 26R were amplified by PCR with specific primers of ERIC sequence Each strain showed the stable and unique DNA fingerprint when PCR products were analyzed in agarose gel electrophoresis The stability of the genomic DNA fingerprint wasn't influenced by the templet from 10ng to 100ng In the fingerprints there were characteristic bands The unique band was influenced difficultly due to the change of the environment and condition of experiment DH5? and E 26R were mixed proportionately, and examined by ERIC PCR The result showed that the DNA fingerprints of the mixture were the superposition of each pure bacterium's Analysis of the main bands showed that DH5? can be examined by ERIC PCR when its concentration gets to 0 5% of the total mixed bacteria The study provides the reference for the research of soil microbe and environmental microbe, and especially can be used for quick identification and examination of the sundry bacterial contamination in the fermentation industry

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture in treating severe functional constipation. Method Seventy patients with severe functional constipation were randomized into a treatment group (35 cases) and a control group (35 cases). The treatment group was intervened by deeply needling bilateral Tianshu (ST25) and Fujie (SP14) with electrical stimulation in addition to ordinary acupuncture at bilateral Shangjuxu (ST37);the control group was by superficially needling the areas beside bilateral Tianshu, Fujie and Shangjuxu with sham electroacupuncture. The two groups were both treated for successive 8 weeks and were followed up for another 3 months. The complete spontaneous bowel movements (CSBMs), Bristol stool form Scale (BSFS) and difficulty in bowel movements were observed every week. Result The two groups both showed significant improvements in average weekly CSBMs (P<0.05,P<0.01), and the CSBMs at the end of the treatment were better in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05); the two groups were both effective in improving BSFS and difficulty in bowel movements, without significant between-group differences(P>0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can improve CSBMs in severe functional constipation, but it’s insignificantly different from sham acupuncture in improving stool form and defecation difficulty.

Objective To investigate the phenotypes and genotypes of extended -spectrum β-lacta-mases (ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases produced by cefoxitin-resistant Shigella strains isolated from Zhe-jiang province and the virulence of those strains .Methods Kirby-Bauer antibiotic testing was performed to screen cefoxitin-resistant strains from 356 Shigella isolates.The serotypes of the cefoxitin-resistant strains were detected .The phenotypes of ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases from cefoxitin-resistant strains were detec-ted by ESBLs confirmatory test and AmpC-three-dimensional test ,respectively .The genotypes of ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases were analyzed by PCR and sequence analysis .The virulence genes ( virA, ial, iapH, set1A, set1B and sen) in the cefoxitin-resistant strains were screened by PCR .Results Eight cefoxitin-re-sistant strains were identified from 356 Shigella isolates.Among them,six strains were identified as Shigella flexneri (S.fleaneri) strain (four F2a,one F2b and one F2c),and the rest were identified as Shigella sonnie (S.sonnei) strain.Among all eight cefoxitin-resistant strains,five strains showed positive results for ESBLs confirmatory test and two strains showed positive results for AmpC-three-dimensional test .Seven out of the eight strains harbor ESBLs genes (CTX-M-14,15,57 and/or OXA-30),two of which were positive for AmpC genes (DHA-1 and CMY-2).Five out of the eight cefoxitin-resistant strains carried all of the six tested viru-lence genes,while the other three strains possessed four virulence genes except for set1A and set1B.The two strains producing both ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases were susceptible only to imipenem .Conclusion ESBLs positive isolates are prevalent strains of cefoxitin-resistant Shigella with potential high virulence .Some of them also produce AmpC β-lactamases ,and the DHA-1 type of AmpCβ-lactamase is identified for the first time in China .

Objective To study the clinical manifestation and MRI feature of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate. Methods Three patients with toxic encephalopathy induced by inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate were observed clinically and with MRI. Results The 3 patients were male. They all had definite addiction histories (the time of addiction for 3 years to 7 years ). There were special language and retropulsive dystonia besides the common characteristics of toxic encephalopathy:reaction retardation and disturbance of intelligence. MRI showed the change of generalized demyelination in bilateral symmetrical cerebral hemisphere, posterior limbs of internal capsule, corpus callosum, medial lemniscus, and cerebellum hemisphere dentate nucleus. The clinical symptoms of 3 patients were significantly improved 40 days after the adrenocortical steroid and neurotrophic treatment. The mild mood disorder remained in case 1. Conclusion Clinical manifestation and MRI of toxic encephalopathy after inhaling caffeine and sodium benzoate are known, so we could diagnose the patients of the disease in time.

Objective To study the effect on the environmental radioactivity level and the health of the residents in Shanghai when Qinshan Nuclear Power Station(QNPS) has been in normal operational condition for 17 years. Methods The field monitoring and the sampling analytical method were used for monitoring the radioactivity level in outdoor environment, drinking water, food and soil. Results The outdoor natural radiation level and the radioactivity level in the sample of the environmental media were on the normal background level. There was no distinct change in the environmental radiation level of Jinshan Area when QNPS was in normal operational condition. The radioactivity level in the environmental media was far lower than the limit values specified by the national standard GB. The effective dose of the outdoor natural external exposure for the residents is about 0.102 mSv/a and the effective dose of the internal exposure from the artificial radionuclides 90Sr and 137Cs in food for the residents is about 0.488 μSv/a. Conclusions There is no effect of the radioactive contamination on the environmental radioactivity level and the health of the residents in Shanghai when QNPS has been in normal operational condition for 17 years.

Objective To examine the expression levels of cyclin Dl in the patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and evaluate the pathogenesis and clinical significance of cyclin Dl in CML Methods The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) was performed to detect the expression levels of cyclin Dl in the bone marrow samples of 18 patients with CML, and 16 samples of benign hemopoietic patients. The relationship between the expression levels of cyclin Dl and the progression and prognosis of patients with CML were analyzed. Results The level of cyclin Dl was higher expressed in 18 patients with CML than the control group (P <0.001). The levels of cyclin Dl was apparently higher expressed in accelerated phase /blast crisis phase than in chronic phase (P <0.05). And the RQ-PCR method showed the tendency that a significant increase was observed in the levels of cyclin Dl from 0.1980 in control group to 1.4002 in chronic phase and 5.4540 in accelerated phase /blast crisis phase. Conclusion The cyclin Dl overexpressed in CML, the roles of cyclin Dl in CML might be an oncogene expressed. The expression level is correlated with the progression and prognosis of patients with CML.

Purpose To assess the clinical and pathological features of small gastrointestinal stromal tumours (sGIST).Methods To reevaluated the clinical,histological and immunohistochemical parameters of 21 sGISTs.The standard immunohistochemical panel antibodies were studied on the tumor sections.All data were compared with clinical sGIST.Results There were a total of 7 females and 14 males of sGISTs.The median age was 63 years old.The tumors were predominantly located in the stomach showing a spindle cell morphology and the tumor sizes ranged from 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm.9 sGISTs combined with malignant tumors,which were gastric cancer have been incidentally detected during surgery.As the lesions were small in size,with infrequent bleeding,necrosis,mucosal invasion,ulceration and less mitotic index,sGISTs reoccurred less compared with clinical sGIST.p53,Ki-67 labeling index and microvascular density (MVD) in sGIST were significantly lower than clinical sGIST (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion sGIST may occure with digestive tract cancer synchronously.p53,Ki-67 labeling index and MVD were lower than clinical GIST,which means better prognosis.