Objective: To explore the association between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age, providing scientific evidences for the prevention and control of childhood obesity. Methods: A total of 2 432 mother-child pairs with maternal lipid tests during pregnancy and offspring s physical growth data at 3 years of age were included from the Borin in Guangzhou Cohort Study up to September 2021. Lipid indicators, including high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC), were measured at 13-19 +6 weeks (mid pregnancy) and 32-39 +6 weeks (late pregnancy). Children s body mass index (BMI) Z score were calculated according to the World Health Organization s growth standards for children under 5 years old. The lipid Z score were divided into four quartiles: Q 1, Q 2, Q 3 and Q 4. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and offspring’s BMI Z score at 3 years of age. Poisson regression with a robust error variance was employed to evaluate the association between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and the at risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age, after adjusting for maternal age at conception, education level, parity, pre pregnancy BMI and gestational diabetes mellitus. Results: There was a statistically significnt difference in the detection rate of overweight and obesity risk among children with different mothers s pre pregnancy BMI ( χ 2=22.85, P <0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that TG levels in late pregnancy were positively related to BMI Z score ( β=0.10, 95%CI=0.02-0.18, P <0.05). Poisson regression with a robust error variance indicated that, compared with the Q 1 group of TC, the Q 4 group of TC in mid pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age ( RR=1.59, 95%CI =1.04-2.44); compared with the Q 1 group of TG, the Q 4 group of TG during late pregnancy increased the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age ( RR=1.79, 95%CI =1.02-3.12) (both P <0.05). Conclusions Maternal serum TC level during mid pregnancy can increase the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age. Maternal serum TG levels during late pregnancy is positively correlated with BMI and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age.

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are reported as a group of neurodevelopmental disorders. The structural changes of brain regions including the hippocampus were widely reported in autistic patients and mouse models with dysfunction of ASD risk genes, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we report that deletion of Trio, a high-susceptibility gene of ASDs, causes a postnatal dentate gyrus (DG) hypoplasia with a zigzagged suprapyramidal blade, and the Trio-deficient mice display autism-like behaviors. The impaired morphogenesis of DG is mainly caused by disturbing the postnatal distribution of postmitotic granule cells (GCs), which further results in a migration deficit of neural progenitors. Furthermore, we reveal that Trio plays different roles in various excitatory neural cells by spatial transcriptomic sequencing, especially the role of regulating the migration of postmitotic GCs. In summary, our findings provide evidence of cellular mechanisms that Trio is involved in postnatal DG morphogenesis.
Animals ; Dentate Gyrus/metabolism* ; Mice ; Morphogenesis/physiology* ; Neurons/pathology* ; Cell Movement ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/pathology* ; Mice, Knockout ; Neural Stem Cells ; Male ; Neurogenesis ; Autistic Disorder/genetics*

Objective:To observe the effects of different intervention schemes on the expression of adhesion-related cytokines, menstrual recovery and clinical outcome of patients after transcervical resection of adhesion (TCRA) .Methods:180 patients received TCRA in our hospital from Feb. 2022 to Feb. 2023 were divided into group A, group B and group C according to different post-operative intervention programs, with 60 patients in each group. Patients in group A were treated with artificial cycle of estrogen and progesterone after surgery. On this basis, patients in group B were placed with a uterine birth control ring, and patients in group C were injected with sodium hyaluronate gel into the uterine cavity. The grade of uterine cavity adhesion, improvement rate of menstruation and pregnancy outcome at 2 months after operation and pregnancy outcome within 1 year after surgery were compared between the three groups at 2 months after operation. The relative mRNA expression of endometrial tissue transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) at uterine cavity adhesion in each group were detected and compared.Results:At 2 months after surgery, the uterine adhesion rates in group A, group B, and group C were 43.33%, 15.00%, and 11.67%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the uterine adhesion rates between group B and group C ( P>0.05), but they were significantly lower than those in group A ( P<0.05) ; Meanwhile, the degree of intrauterine adhesions in group B and group C was significantly milder than that in group A ( P<0.05). The menstrual improvement rates of group A, group B, and group C at 2 months after surgery were 76.67%, 93.33%, and 96.67%, respectively. There was no significant difference between group B and group C ( P>0.05), but they were all significantly higher than group A ( P<0.05). At 2 months post surgery, the relative expression levels of TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, TIMP-1, and bFGF mRNA in the endometrial tissue at the site of uterine adhesions in group A were 0.77±0.26, 0.58±0.27, 0.54±0.15, and 0.62±0.14, respectively. In group B, they were 0.37±0.16, 0.37±0.14, 0.26±0.11, and 0.29±0.10, respectively. In group C, they were 0.32±0.16, 0.21±0.09, 0.27±0.08, and 0.34±0.18, respectively. The relative expression levels of cytokines in each group were significantly lower than during surgery ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the relative expression levels of various cytokines mRNA between group B and group C at 2 months after surgery ( P>0.05), but both were significantly lower than group A ( P<0.05). The pregnancy success rates within 1 year after surgery in group A, group B, and group C were 40.00%, 55.00%, and 58.33%, respectively. The pregnancy success rate in group C was significantly higher than that in group A ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The application of metauterine contraceptive ring or sodium hyaluronate gel on the basis of estrogen and progesterone treatment after TCRA can effectively prevent postoperative re-adhesion of patients with intrauterine adhesions, improve clinical symptoms, and reduce the expression level of adhesion cytokines. The effects of the two schemes are equivalent.

Objective To compare the anti-inflammatory,antitumor and anti-bacterial effects of the single extract(in granules)and the prepared drug in pieces of Forsythia Suspense(Lianqiao,a traditional Chinese herbal medicine).Methods In zebrafish embryo models of CuSO4 exposure,tail transection and LPS microinjection-induced inflammation,the anti-inflammatory effects of 10 μg/mL DEX,single extract of Forsythia Suspense,and the water extract of the prepared drug(400,600,and 800 μg/mL)were evaluated by observing neutrophil counts,RT-qPCR,HE staining and survival analysis.Zebrafish embryo models bearing different human tumor cell xenografts were used to assess the anti-tumor effect of the drugs in different dosage forms by fluorescence staining and HE staining.The microbroth dilution method was used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of the drugs.Results In the zebrafish embryo models of inflammation,both of the two dosage forms of Forsythia Suspense significantly inhibited neutrophil aggregation,reduced the mRNA expressions of TNF-α,IL-6,P38,Jnk,Erk and P65,and increased the survival rate of zebrafish.They both showed obvious inhibitory effects against xenografts of different human cancer cells including colon cancer cells(HCT116),pancreas adenocarcinoma cells(PANC-1),lung cancer cells(A549),liver cancer cells(Hep3B)and cervical carcinoma cells(Hela)in zebrafish embryos,and exhibited strong anti-bacterial effects at the concentration of 15.63 mg/mL.Conclusion The two dosage forms of Forsythia Suspense have similar anti-inflammatory,antitumor and antibacterial effects,but their effects for inhibiting IL-6,P65,and Jnk mRNA expressions and HCT116 cell proliferation differ significantly at low doses in zebrafish.

Objective To compare the anti-inflammatory,antitumor and anti-bacterial effects of the single extract(in granules)and the prepared drug in pieces of Forsythia Suspense(Lianqiao,a traditional Chinese herbal medicine).Methods In zebrafish embryo models of CuSO4 exposure,tail transection and LPS microinjection-induced inflammation,the anti-inflammatory effects of 10 μg/mL DEX,single extract of Forsythia Suspense,and the water extract of the prepared drug(400,600,and 800 μg/mL)were evaluated by observing neutrophil counts,RT-qPCR,HE staining and survival analysis.Zebrafish embryo models bearing different human tumor cell xenografts were used to assess the anti-tumor effect of the drugs in different dosage forms by fluorescence staining and HE staining.The microbroth dilution method was used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of the drugs.Results In the zebrafish embryo models of inflammation,both of the two dosage forms of Forsythia Suspense significantly inhibited neutrophil aggregation,reduced the mRNA expressions of TNF-α,IL-6,P38,Jnk,Erk and P65,and increased the survival rate of zebrafish.They both showed obvious inhibitory effects against xenografts of different human cancer cells including colon cancer cells(HCT116),pancreas adenocarcinoma cells(PANC-1),lung cancer cells(A549),liver cancer cells(Hep3B)and cervical carcinoma cells(Hela)in zebrafish embryos,and exhibited strong anti-bacterial effects at the concentration of 15.63 mg/mL.Conclusion The two dosage forms of Forsythia Suspense have similar anti-inflammatory,antitumor and antibacterial effects,but their effects for inhibiting IL-6,P65,and Jnk mRNA expressions and HCT116 cell proliferation differ significantly at low doses in zebrafish.

Objective:Based on targeted amplicon technology combined with high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatic analysis technology, to understand the characteristics of the whole genome of the monkeypox virus and its variation, and to construct a method for the analysis of monkeypox virus variation and molecular traceability of the case in Qinghai province, and to provide technical support for the prevention and control of monkeypox epidemic in the future.Methods:The extracted viral DNA was used as a template, and the genome of monkeypox virus was specifically amplified by Ion AmpliSeq Monkeypox Panel with the number of amplicons 1 609 and the length of 125 bp-275 bp, and the sequencing library was constructed by Ion AmpliSeq Library Kit Plus, and sequenced by Ion Torrent GeneStudio S5. The sequencing library was constructed by Ion AmpliSeq Library Kit Plus, and the monkeypox virus genome was sequenced using Ion Torrent GeneStudio S5 sequencer. Monkeypox virus was analyzed for genomic profiling and mutation site analysis using the online analysis tool Nextclade. The genomic sequence of the case virus in this study was compared with some sequences in the GIASID monkeypox virus database and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to analyze the potential origin of the case virus.Results:The Ct values of monkeypox virus genes in the rash swab and oropharyngeal swab samples were 32.13 and 36.91, respectively. The rash swab sample had a reads number match of 99.99% and a genome coverage of 99.45% after whole-genome sequencing of monkeypox virus, and the sequences belonged to the IIb (West African branch) B. 1.3 type. The analysis of nucleotide mutation sites and phylogenetic tree showed that the sequences were in the same branch with four monkeypox virus genome sequences recently submitted by China and Japan in the GISAID monkeypox virus database, and had the closest evolutionary relationship with the sequence EPI_ISL_18059184 (sampled on 2023-07-03) submitted by Yunnan, China, which shared 82 single-nucleotide mutation sites, among which the sequence from Yunnan was only present in all of the shared 82 single-nucleotide mutation sites. The sequence in this study has 2 additional nucleotide mutation sites on top of the shared 82 single nucleotide mutation sites. The sequence submitted by Japan, EPI_ISL_17692269 (sampled on 2023-04-28), is more closely related in evolution, sharing 78 single nucleotide mutation sites, with 7 single nucleotide mutation site differences, and the Japanese sequence shares 78 single nucleotide mutation sites. The Japanese sequence shared 78 mutation sites with one additional nucleotide mutation site (G57786A), while the present sequence had six additional nucleotide mutation sites (G13563A, C21062T, G101241A, C142797T, G152866A, T169721A).Conclusions:The whole genome sequence of monkeypox virus of 197 084 bp was successfully obtained from a sample with low viral load, and the average. We constructed a method for sequencing and analyzing the whole genome of monkeypox virus.

Neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC) is a malignant tumor derived from neuroendocrine cells, with distinct clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the head and neck is very rare in clinic. Larynx is the most common affected site, and the root of the tongue is extremely rare. The clinical manifestations are mainly eating pain, cauliflower like mass in the mouth, and ulcerative lesions that have not healed for a long time. Maxillofacial MRI and contrastenhanced CT are the most commonly used examination tools for such diseases, which can detect the spaceoccupying lesions of tumors. Neuroendocrine granules found in the cytoplasm under pathological light microscope can be diagnosed as neuroendocrine carcinoma. However, for most cases, it is difficult to make a diagnosis only under light microscope, and it is often necessary to make a diagnosis by means of immunohistochemistry and other technical means. This paper reports a case of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the root of the tongue, introduces its characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, and reviews the relevant literature of this case.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/pathology* ; Tongue ; Neck/pathology* ; Larynx/pathology* ; Mouth/pathology*

Myoepithelioma, also known as malignant myoepithelioma, is a rare malignant tumor originating from myoepithelial cell. This article reports a patient with a huge tumor in the neck and left elbow who underwent fine needle aspiration under local anesthesia. The pathological diagnosis was a myoepithelioma. Under general anesthesia, giant tumors in the lower neck, posterior cranial fossa, neck, and left elbow were removed, and postoperative pathology showed that they were all myoepithelial tumors. Immunohistochemistry showed AE1/AE3 (+), P63 (+), CK7 (+), CK5 (+), and CD138 (+). The clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process of this case are reported and relevant literature is reviewed.
Humans ; Myoepithelioma/pathology* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Epithelial Cells ; Neck/pathology* ; Carcinoma

ObjectiveTo explore the anti-gout effect and mechanism of Derris eriocarpa extract by network pharmacological analysis combined with in vivo and in vitro experimental verification. MethodThe chemical components and candidate targets of D. eriocarpa were obtained from the database. The key targets and potential active components of D. eriocarpa in the treatment of gout were screened by the protein-protein interaction analysis， and then the Gene Ontology （GO） functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment were performed for the key targets. A mouse model of hyperuricemia was established by intraperitoneal injection of hypoxanthine to observe the effect of D. eriocarpa alcohol extract on hyperuricemia. A rat model of gouty inflammation induced by the injection of microcrystalline sodium urate crystals into the foot and plantar was used to observe the effect of D. eriocarpa alcohol extract on gouty inflammation. A xylene-induced acute inflammation model was established to observe the anti-inflammatory effect of D. eriocarpa alcohol extract. The hot plate test and twisting test were performed to observe the pain-relieving effect of D. eriocarpa. The lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced RAW264.7 cells were used to study the anti-gout effect and mechanism of D. eriocarpa alcohol extract. ResultA total of 12 key targets and 15 potential active components were obtained from the D. eriocarpa-component-gout target network. The emodin， betulinic acid， and medicarpin endowed D. eriocarpa with anti-hyperuricemia， anti-inflammatory， and pain-relieving effects by acting on Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， NOD-like reception protein 3 （NLRP3）， and nuclear factor （NF）-κB. Compared with the control group， the model groups showed elevated serum uric acid level in mice （P<0.01）， increased swelling degree of rats （P<0.05， P<0.01）， alleviated the auricular swelling of mice （P<0.05）， reduced the twisting times of mice （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and increased the hot plate pain threshold （P<0.05）. Moreover， the model group showed up-regulated mRNA level of TLR4 and protein levels of TLR4， NF-κB， and NLRP3 in cells （P<0.01）， and elevated levels of TLR4 and NF-κB in the cell supernatant （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the alcoholic extracts （20， 10， 5 g·kg^-1） of D. eriocarpa lowered the serum uric acid level in hyperuricemic mice （P<0.01）， inhibited foot and plantar swelling in rats （P<0.05， P<0.01）， down-regulated the mRNA level of TLR4 and the protein levels of TLR4， NF-κB， NLRP3 in cells， and lowered the levels of TLR4， TNF-α， NF-κB， and IL-6 in cell supernatants （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionD. eriocarpa alcohol extract may exert the anti-gout， anti-inflammatory， and pain-relieving effects by regulating the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of isoliquiritigenin on inflammatory response of vascular endothelial cells and whether the regulatory effect of isoliquiritigenin on inflammation is mediated by histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). 【Methods】 Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in vitro and treated with LPS, different concentrations of isoliquiritigenin and HDAC3 specific inhibitor, respectively. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of inflammatory cytokines and HDAC3. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into vehicle group and isoliquiritigenin treatment group. The vascular inflammation model of C57BL/6J mice was established by ligation of the left carotid arteries. The mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines and HDAC3 in the carotid arteries of mice were detected by Real-time PCR. A molecular docking study was performed to investigate the interaction between isoliquiritigenin and HDAC3. 【Results】 Compared with the vehicle group, isoliquiritigenin reduced the mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, MCP-1 and ICAM-1 and decreased the expression of HDAC3 mRNA and protein in HUVECs stimulated with LPS. In addition, isoliquiritigenin also decreased the mRNA expressions of NLRP3, IL-1β and HDAC3 in carotid arteries of ligated C57BL/6J mice. The docking of isoliquiritigenin in the active site of HDAC3 showed that isoliquiritigenin might act through HDAC3. Furthermore, HDAC3 specific inhibitor RGFP966 further promoted the inhibitory effect of isoliquiritigenin on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in vascular endothelial cells. 【Conclusion】 These results suggest that isoliquiritigenin suppresses the inflammatory response of vascular endothelial cells via HDAC3.