Objective To observe the effects of family cognitive training on patients with vascular cognitive impairment but without dementia.Methods Sixty patients with non-dementia type vascular cognitive impairment were divided at random into a group which received family cognitive training (30 cases) and a control group (30 cases).The 2 groups all took routine drugs and exercise.The family cognitive training group received cognitive training additionally.Before treatment and after 1 and 6 months of treatment,all of the patients of both groups were assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE),the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and the modified Barthel index (MBI).Results After 1 month of treatment there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in any of the assessments.After6 months the scores on each item of the MMSE,MoCA and MBI had improved significantly more in the family cognitive training group than in the control group.Conclusion Family cognitive training is effective in treating non-dementia type vascular cognitive impairment.It can delay disease progression and improve cognitive function and ability in the activities of daily living.

OBJECTIVE: To report on a case of mosaicism 13q inversion duplication, analyze its mechanism, and discuss the correlation between its genotype and phenotype. METHODS: Amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood were collected at 23 and 32 weeks of gestation, respectively. Combined with G-banding chromosome karyotyping analysis, single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to confirm the result. RESULTS: The karyotype of the fetus was determined as 47,XY,+inv dup(13)(q14.3q34)/46,XY. After careful counseling, the couple decided to continue with the pregnancy, and had given birth to a boy at 40 weeks' gestation. Except for a red plaque (hemangioma) on the nose bridge, no obvious abnormality (intelligence to be evaluated) was discovered. CONCLUSION To provide reference for clinical genetic counseling and risk assessment, the location and proportion of new centromere formation should be fully considered in the case of mosaicism 13q inversion duplication.
Amniocentesis ; Chromosome Inversion/genetics* ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Mosaicism ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of BACs-on-Beads (BoBs) for the practice of prenatal diagnosis. METHODS: The results of chromosomal karyotyping and BoBs of 1773 prenatal samples were compared. Microdeletions and microduplications detected by BoBs were subjected to chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) with informed consent from patients. RESULTS: BoBs has detected 46 cases of common aneuploidies involving chromosomes 13, 18, and 21, and 16 cases involving X and Y chromosomes. For 4 fetuses with normal results by BoBs, karyotyping analysis of amniotic fluid sample suggested low percentage mosaicisms (< 20%). BoBs has detected none of the 9 common microdeletions, but 14 male fetuses with Xp22 microdeletions and 5 with other microdeletions/microduplications. In 10 cases, the couples had chosen CMA verification, and the results were all consistent. CONCLUSION As a rapid diagnostic technique, BoBs has a high accuracy for common aneuploidies, and is capable of discovering certain chromosome microdeletions and microduplications. The difficulty lies in the inability to detect low proportion mosaicisms and the consultation following detection for male fetuses carrying Xp22 microdeletions.

Objective:To investigate the present situation of unintended pregnancy within two years postpartum and its influencing factors in China.Methods:Participants who delivered a live birth at 60 hospitals in 15 provinces in the eastern, central and western regions of China during July 2015 to June 2016 were interviewed by using structured questionnaire. Information on occurrence of unintended pregnancy within 2 years after delivery, postpartum contraceptive use, sexual resumption, breastfeeding, and women′s socio-demographic characteristics, and so on, were collected. Life-table analysis, cluster log-rank tests and a 2-level Cox regression model were used for data analysis.Results:A total of 18 045 postpartum women were investigated. The cumulative 1- and 2-year unintended pregnancy rates after delivery were 5.3% (95% CI: 4.5%－6.1%) and 13.1% (95% CI: 11.3%－14.8%), respectively. Cox regression model analysis showed that the risk of unintended pregnancy within 2 years postpartum were increased in younger women, ethnic minorities, women with abortion history, and those who had a vaginal delivery with short lactation time and late postpartum contraceptive initiation (all P<0.01). The risk of postpartum unintended pregnancy was not associated with geographic regions and hospitals where women gave a birth (all P>0.05). Conclusions:In China, the risk of unintended pregnancy within 2 years after delivery is relatively high. Service institutions and service providers should improve the quality of postpartum family planning services, promote the use of high effect contraceptive methods, and educate women to use a method at the time of their sexual resumption or even before.