Objective To investigate the role of PPAR? in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Methods Literatures about PPAR? and the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer were reviewed and analyzed.Results PPAR? is expressed in the nucleuses of glandular epithelia lining colon and rectum. It is normally suppressed by wild-type adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) but is up-regulated by enhanced ?-catenin/T cell factor-4 (TCF-4) binding to TCF-4-responsive elements in the PPAR promoter when an inactivating APC mutation occurs, which indicates PPAR is a potential downstream target of the APC/?-catenin/TCF-4 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Consistent with PPAR’s role as an APC/?-catenin/TCF-4 target, some studies reported that PPAR mRNA is frequently overexpressed in colorectal cancers of both humans and rodent animals, which indicates that PPAR is relevant to the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer. Conclusion PPAR? is closely related with the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.

Adult ; Benzene ; toxicity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; drug effects ; Young Adult

0.01). A sig-nificant dose-reponse relationship was also found between the manganese exposure doses and the frequencies of mi-cronucleus and SCE in experimental group. Conclusion Lower exposure levels of manganese of ≤0.25?g/ ml were safe to genetic materials, but higher manganese exposure levels of ≥0.75?g/ml might cause different kinds of DNA damages.

Using gene fusion technology, polypeptide fusion tags can be engineered into target proteins at the genetic level.The resultant recombinant proteins may possess the biochemical properties of the imported fusion tags.Therefore, it is possible to take advantage of fusion tags to improve and evaluate protein expression, to detect and track protein targets, and to purify and characterize proteins.However, it is necessary to eliminate any influence of the fusion tag in structural characterization experiments or in isolating pharmaceutical proteins.Scientists must therefore remove fusion tags prior to structural and functional analyses when fusion tags are suspected of interfering with the biological activity of a protein or influencing its behavior.The fusion tag can be removed by several methods including harsh chemical treatment, mild enzymatic cleavage by endoprotease or exoprotease, and intein-mediated self-cleavage.Here the literature is reviewed in relation to principles, applications, and approaches of each method.

OBJECTIVE To explore an effective method of hand hygiene in ICU.METHODS Doctors and nurses in ICU washed hand with quick hand disinfectant or six steps hand washing at random,the time and compliance of two methods were recorded and their effect was checked.RESULTS The compliance and effect of quick hand disinfection were better than six steps hand washing(P=0.000),the time of quick hand disinfection was shorter than six steps hand washing(P=0.000).CONCLUSIONS The quick hand disinfection has good effect and high compliance.It is a good way for hand hygiene in ICU to improve clinical effects and values.

BACKGROUND: Microarc oxidation (MAO) is a break-through anodyzing technology for forming oxide films on valve metal.Use of this technology allows thick, porous oxide layers to be formed on the surface of pure titanium. Few biocompatibility reports using this treatment have been found.OBJECTIVE: The blood compatibility of a novel surface modified titanium substrata biomaterial using MAO was investigated.DESIGN: Positive and negative control, contrast observation and gold standard control.SETTING: Wuhan Union Hospital.MATERIALS: A healthy male adult New-Zealand rabbit, weighing 2.5 kg and ordinary grade, was selected in this study.Pure titanium sticks TA1 (Baoji Yingnaite Non-ferrous Metal Co., Ltd.), MAO-Ti and 20 g/L potassium oxalate were also selected in this study.METHODS: The study was carried out in the Laboratory of General Surgery, Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology in May 2006. ① Materials: Titanium substrate of 10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in depth was put in an electrolyte which was quipped with deionized water, dibasic sodium phosphate, and ethanoic acid calcium for MAO treatment for 10 minutes. ② Groups: Three groups were analysed: test group, negative control group and positive control group. Test group: MAO-Ti was dipped in 10 mL saline; Positive control group: 10 mL deionized water was added in each tube; Negative control group: 10 mL saline was added in each tube. ③ Operation: Fresh whole blood was collected from rabbit and then mixed with the liquids in the three groups respectively after anti-coagulation. In addition, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the hemolytic ratio. A hemolytic ratio below or equal to 5% indicated that this novel material fitted the requirements. On the contrary, a hemolytic ratio higher than 5% proofed the existence of a hemolyzation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The hemolytic ratio of materials in three groups.RESULTS: The hemolytic ratio of the test group was 0.90%. The result indicated that this new material had no haemolysis effect.CONCLUSION: The material does not resolve red blood cells and is coincident with the international and governmental standard.

Objective To investigate the optimal technology of blind needle synovial biopsy.Methotis Blind needle synovial biopsy was performed on 81 knees with pain and swelling.Twenty patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) received uhrasonographic (US) examination before biopsies.Results Synovium were obtained in all patients and the successful rate was (71±21)%,while the area of synovium was (1.8±0.8)mm2.The time for accomplishing the procedure was (26±6) min and the depth of trocar insertion Was (3.1±0.7) cm.The successful rate in patients with RA (80±6)% was much higher than that in non-RA patients (54±10)%.The successful rate with US guidance (85±5)% was much higher than that without US guidance (78±6)%.The positive predictive value of synovium evaluation by naked eye Was 95.0%,while the negative predictive value was 81.1%.Conclusion Blind needle synovial biopsy should be spread because it is simple and safe to perfonn and it can obtain sufficient synovium for all purposes.

ObjectiveTo valuate the three-dimensional CT angiography(3DCTA) in diagnosing blood vessel diseases.MethodsCTA findings of 284 patients confirmed with blood vessel diseases were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into two groups:141 cases of head and neck and 143 cases of trunk and extremities.Scan was performed with the beam collimation of 0.625 ～ 3.0mm,increment of 0.3 ～ 1.4mm,pitch of 1.0 ～ 1.5,with the gross contrast medium of 1.5 ～ 2.0ml/kg.3D imaging methods included volume rendering(VR),multi-planar reformatting (MPR),curved planar reformatting(CPR),surface shade display(SSD),maximum intensity project(MIP) and virtual endoscopy(VE).The diagnostic results of CTA were compared with those of DSA and/or surgery.ResultsIn this study,3D images of vasculature met the diagnostic criterion.The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CTA was 97.28％,82.35％ and 96.48％,respectively.The size of artery aneurysm shown with CTA and DSA had no significant difference( P ＞0.05 ),both smaller than that in surgery( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion3DCTA could be used in diagnosing the cardiovascular diseases and compensate the limitation of conventional CT.It had the characteristics of non-invasion,high accuracy and could partly substitute DSA.

Objective: To review the clinical effect of early enteral nutrition in patients with carcinoma of esophagus after operation.Methods: Nutrient canal was indwelt through Fresubin(TP) was given through the nasal-intestinal tube in 120 cases with carcinoma of esophagus after operation.Results: The complications such as anastomotic leakage,lung infection and incisional infection in the patients receiving early enteral nutrition were much less than those in control group.No death occurred.The time for bowel function recovery was much shorter.Conclusion: Early enteral nutrition can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function,improve the nutrition,decrease the occurrence of complications and raise the successful rate of operation in operative patients with esophagus carcinoma.

AlM:To determine the changes of regional macular retinal thickness ( RT ) with spectral domain optical coherence tomography ( SD-OCT ) after successful pars plana vitrectomy ( PPV ) surgery with inner limiting membrane ( lLM ) peeling in patients with idiopathic macular hole.
METHODS:A non-randomized retrospective case study on 17 patients ( 17 eyes ) who were hospitalized between March 1, 2011 and June 30, 2013. All 17 eyes had been diagnosed with idiopathic macular hole and thereafter underwent 25G-PPV surgeries performed by the same surgeon with lLM peeling and short - term gas tamponade. ln the 6mo-plus follow-up after surgery, these eyes were found to have successful closure in the macular hole. The macular RT of the nine areas in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study was measured by SD-OCT. All patients were applied by SD-OCT with linear scan of the macular. At least four examinations on the operated eye were conducted in contrast to the other normal eye: before the surgery, 3~5wk after the surgery (stage A), 2~3mo after the surgery (stage B), and >6mo after the surgery (stage C).
RESULTS:ln stage A, the macular RT of operated eyes in the areas of C, lS, ll, lN, OS, Ol, ON (263. 00±39. 48, 313. 92±18. 35, 311. 00±18. 02, 335. 67±19. 91, 280. 83±33. 74, 269. 92 ± 23. 32, 307. 00 ± 28. 40 ) were significantly thicker than the corresponding areas of the normal fellow eyes (220. 51 ± 23. 94, 292. 08 ± 21. 93, 282. 50 ± 20. 30, 288. 33 ± 20. 76, 251. 25±17. 60, 247. 75±21. 48, 265. 17±24. 76ü m) (P<0. 01) with the exception of the lT (291. 58±18. 97, 280. 33± 20.82üm) and OT (250.83±21.21, 242.08±24.02üm) (P>0. 01). ln Stage B, the macular RT in the areas of ll, lN, OS (335.67±19.20,319.75±19.20, 273.50±16.89üm) were significantly thicker than the corresponding areas of the normal fellow eyes (286. 33±20. 46, 293. 42±17. 64, 252. 50± 16.32üm) (P<0. 01). However, the macular RT of the operated eyes in the areas of C, lS, lT, Ol and OT had no statistically significant difference compared with the corresponding areas of the normal fellow eyes (P> 0. 01). ln Stage C, the macular RT of operated eyes with the areas of lN (321. 17 ± 19. 71ü m) were significantly thicker than the corresponding areas of the normal fellow eyes (296.25±19.57üm) (P<0.01). Meanwhile the other areas of the operated eyes were not significantly different from the normal fellow eyes (P>0. 01). Moreover, the macular RT of operated eyes in the areas of ON, lT (307. 00±28. 40, 291. 58 ± 18. 97ü m ) in stage A significantly decreased compared to that of the corresponding areas in stage C (276. 08±32. 39, 278. 75±10. 19ü m) (P<0. 01).
CONCLUSlON: SD-OCT is a convenient tool for the observation of macular regional changes after macular hole surgery. Macular RT had persistent changes after vitrectomy on eyes with macular hole by SD-OCT. lLM peeling may have caused microstructural changes in wide areas of the macular region after PPV surgery. More support and evidence were provided to the further study of the long - term observation for the structural and function of macular after macular hole surgery.