AIM: The pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease is still uncertain. This study observed the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-?) in combination with methylprednisolone (M-pred) on the proliferation of human embryonic lung fibroblast (HELF) to identify whether it can be used as an effective treatment of interstitial lung disease in clinic. METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Research Laboratory of Cytobiology, Hebei Medical University from July 2005 to May 2006. ①The eighth passage HELFs were cultured in vitro. According to the common dose range for human of IFN-? and M-pred, cells were divided into control group, M-pred (15 mg/L) group, IFN-? (250, 500, 750, 1 000, 1 250 U/mL) groups and combination group (IFN-? and M-pred). ②HELFs were incubated with IFN-? alone or combined with M-pred for 48 hours before they were harvested. ③MTT assay was used to measure the inhibition rate of M-pred combined with different concentrations of IFN-? on HELF. Flow cytometry was used to observe cell cycle distribution and the proliferation index of HELF. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was detected by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: ①Both alone and combination usage of IFN-? and M-pred could inhibit HELF proliferation (P 0.85). ② IFN-? mainly acted on G1 and G2M periods, while M-pred on S period. The proliferation index decreased in combination group (P

[Objective]To classify fractures of posterior malleolus by computed tomography and guide its clinical treatment.[Method]From January 2003 to October 2006,eighty-eight patients who had been treated surgically for the posterior malleolar fractures were reviewed.There were 53 males and 35 females.The mean age was 42.3 years(ranged,18～75 years).All the patients' preoperative radiograph and computed tomographic scans were reviewed,and each fracture was categorized according to the size,location and fracture line of the major fragment and the stable state of mortise.The classification was applied to treat 88 patients.[Result]On the basis of the computed tomographic images,the posterior malleolar fractures were categorized into four types.There were type Ⅰ(stable) in 23 cases,type Ⅱ(borderline) in 26 cases,type Ⅲ(big unstable posterolateral oblique) in 18 cases and type Ⅳ(medial-extension) in 21 cases.Type Ⅰ included type Ⅰ1(small shell)in 5 cases and type I2(small posterolateral oblique) in 18 cases.Type Ⅱ included type Ⅱ1(moderate posterolateral oblique without lateral-posterior dislocation of talus)in 15 cases and type Ⅱ2(moedrate postero-lateral oblique with lateral-posterior dislocation of talus)in 11 cases.All patients were followed up for an average of 31months(ranged from 12 to 48 months).According to the Baird-Jackson scoring system,the results were rated as being excellent in 62 cases,good in 13 cases,moderate in 8 cases,and poor in 5 cases,with the good-excellent rate being 85.2%.[Conclusion]Computed tomographic scans can demonstrate the pathoanatomy of the posterior malleolar fracture and provided guidance for clinical treatment.

Objective To explore the levels of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in different clinical stages of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection and their correlation with serum HBV DNA. Methods Five hundred and seventy-five patients with HBsAg-positive and without antiviral therapy were enrolled in this study. The patients were classified into six group:IT group (immune tolerant phase, 120 patients), EPH group (hepatitis B e antigen positive hepatitis, 110 patients), LR group (low replicative phase, 90 patients), ENH group (hepatitis B e antigen negative hepatitis, 110 patients), LC group (liver cirrhosis stage, 85 patients) and HCC group (hepatocellular carcinoma, 60 patients). Serum HBsAg and HBV DNA levels were quantified and analyzed through statistics. Results The levels of serum HBsAg in IT group, EPH group, LR group, ENH group, LC group and HCC group were (4.58 ± 0.40), (4.12 ± 0.50), (2.60 ± 0.68), (3.31 ± 0.27), (2.82 ± 0.57) and (3.03 ± 0.39) lg U/ml respectively, and there was significantly different among the different phase (P<0.01). The levels of serum HBsAg in IT group, EPH group, LR group, ENH group, LC group and HCC group had positive correlation with serum HBV DNA level, and the correlation coefficients were 0.627, 0.579, 0.134, 0.317, 0.159 and 0.224 respectively. Conclusions The levels of serum HBsAg is significantly different in the different clinical phase of HBV infection, and the tendency of the correlation between serum HBsAg and serum HBV DNA gradually weakens in general.

Golgi protein 73(GP73) was closely correlated with primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC). GP73 had a higher sensitivity and specificity than alpha fetal protein(AFP), so GP73 had a great diagnostic value for early PHC. Although there were many related research reports in the domestic and foreign, their conclusions were inconsistent. This article reviewed these studies results.

Objective To analyze the second time blood screening results of ALT deferred donors,and to evaluate the importance of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) testing on the improvement of blood safety.Methods The ALT testing results of 565 360 blood donors from Feb.2006 to Jan.2008 of Shanghai Blood Center were studied retrospectively.The screening results and donation intervals of such donors who delayed their donation just because of their former unqualified ALT level were also analyzed.Results A total of 32 042 donors(5.67%) failed in ALT testing among 565 360 donors.And 3 395 ALT deferred donors participated the second time blood donation,among which 2 205(64.95%) passed the blood screening tests,while the other 1 190(35.05%) failed.Among the 1 190 unqualified blood donors,1 151(33.90%)failed again in ALT testing,and 11(0.32%) in Syphilis,12(0.35%) in HBsAg,7(0.21%) in anti-HCV and 1 in anit-HIV(0.03%).Meanwhile,donors failed both in ALT testing combined with HBsAg,anti-HCV,and anit-HIV sero-converted were 1(0.03%),2(0.06%) and 1(0.03%),respectively.And 72.64% of ALT deferred donors participated the second time blood donation within 6 months.The average donation intervals of donors with qualified ALT level but sero-converted were 140 days(from 24 to 267 days),and those with both unqualified ALT level and sero-converted were 158 days(from 91 to 220 days).Conclusion Before the new methods such as NAT were applied to blood donation screening system,ALT test could prevent the window-period failure of ELISA screening so as to improve the blood safety.

AIM: To detect the protein expression of protein gene product (PGP9.5) in cervical carcinoma samples, and to explore its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis of cervical carcinoma patients.The potential value of PGP9.5-siRNA in the treatment of cervical cancer was preliminarily investigated in vitro.METHODS:The clinical data of cervical cancer patients ( n=180 ) who received surgical treatment in Department of Gynecology of Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital and Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics from January 2008 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Immunohistochemical staining for PGP9.5 in all pathological specimens from cervical cancer biopsy was performed.The patients were divided into high expression of PGP9.5 group and low expression of PGP9.5 group.The relationship between PGP9.5 expression and clinicopathological parameters, such as age, HPV infection, path-ological grade, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion and clinical stage, were analyzed.The overall survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.The PGP9.5-siRNA, NC-siRNA, PGP9.5 eukaryotic expression plasmid and empty vector were transfected into the SiHa cells, and the effects of PGP9.5 expression on the abili-
ties of colony formation and cell invasion were determined by Western blot, colony formation assay and Transwell experi-ment.RESULTS:The relationships between the expression level of PGP9.5 and patients’ pathological characteristics in-cluding grade, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion, vascular involvement and clinical stage were statisti-cally significant ( P<0.05) .The overall survival rates of 3 and 5 years in PGP9.5 high expression group were significantly lower than those in PGP9.5 low expression group ( P<0.05 ) .Compared with control group, the protein expression of PGP9.5, the number of colony formation and the number of invasive cells in si-PGP9.5 group were significantly decreased. The protein expression of PGP9.5, the number of colony formation and the number of invasive cells in PGP9.5 group were significantly increased.CONCLUSION:Over-expression of PGP9.5 protein indicates poor prognosis of cervical cancer, which may be a good predictor for the prognosis of cervical cancer patients.Inhibition of PGP9.5 expression may be an ef-fective way of gene therapy for cervical cancer.

The effects of SHCDCT (selective head coolingdehydration combined therapy) on hypermetabolism, and its relation with thyroigenous hormones.The changes of glucose,phosphlipids,FT3 and TSH at 30, 180, 360 min of reperfusion following 30 min complete cerebral ischemia (four-vessel model ) in rabbits were observed.The effect of SHC (selective head cooling), DH(dehydration),SHCDCT on these changes were compared.SHC (28'C ) was induced by surface cooling methods.Compared with non-ischemia group,glouse, phospholipids decreased during reperfusoin,FT3 and TSH increased (P

Objective To investigate the mechanism of cisplatin enhanceing the effect of tineposide killing small cell lung cancer cell line by combination of the two drug.Methods The microculture tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to determine the inhibition rates of CDDP combined with VM-26.Acridine orange/ethidium bromide(AO/EB) fluorescent staining was used to show the cell vitality rates,DNA disruption ladder were applied to reveal cell apoptosis.The mRNA and protein level of topoisomerase Ⅱ(Topo Ⅱ) and transcript factor SP1 were measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blot.Results There is synergistic effect between the two drug.The cell vitality rates were decreased in combination group than that of CDDP or VM-26 used alone.the combination treatment group resulted in more serious DNA strand breakage.The expression of Topo Ⅱ?,? and SP1 mRNA and protein both increased in CDDP treatment group,while the Topo Ⅱ?,? expression decreased and(the SP1 expression) has no obviously change in VM-26 treatment group.In combination group,Topo Ⅱ? expressionwere decreased comparing with CDDP used alone,SP1 expression increased comparing with VM-26 used alone,but has no obviously change as comparing with CDDP used alone.Conclusion CDDP could enhance Topo Ⅱ expression through up-regulating SP1 expression,which offer more target for Topo Ⅱ inhibitor VM-26 to act on killing small cell lung cancer cell.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the endotracheal tube (ETT) depth on the efficacy of bronchial blocker when used for one-lung ventilation.Methods Sixty patients of both sexes,aged 46-78 yr,weighing 48-85 kg,with body mass index＜30 kg/m2,scheduled for elective thoracotomy requiring one-lung ventilation,were divided into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:the distance between the tip of ETT and the carina was 3 cm group (group Ⅰ) and the ETT cuff was placed at 2 cm below the glottis group (group Ⅱ).The bronchial blocker was inserted under the guidance of a fiberoptic bronchoscope.The ETT depth,time to bronchial blocker position,development of bronchial blocker displacement and increase in airway peak pressure,degree of lung collapse,severity of postoperative tracheal mucous membrane injury and development of sore throat and hoarseness were recorded.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the ETT depth was significantly shallower,the time to bronchial blocker position was shortened,postoperative tracheal mucous membrane injury was attenuated (P＜0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the incidence of bronchial blocker displacement and increase in airway peak pressure,degree of lung collapse or incidence of sore throat and hoarseness in group Ⅱ (P＞0.05).Conclusion The ETT depth the ETT cuff placed at 2 cm below the glottis can improve the efficacy of bronchial blocker when used for one-lung ventilation.

Objective To explore the post training needs,training content,training mode and the advantages and disadvantages of the existing training from the general practitioner perspective,in order to provide reasonable suggestions for the management institutions to improve the quality and effect of the post training for all general practitioners.Methods In October,2013 a questionnaire survey was conducted to 197 family physicians for their post training needs,training content and training mode.According to the interview outline,an in-depth individual interview was conducted to 20 leaders and general practitioners from the community health service center in Beijing Xicheng District on the advantages and disadvantages of general medical training.All survey information databases were established using FoxPro 6.0 software and double entry.Package was statistically analyzed with SPSS 19.0 statistical software,qualitative data using rate to represent; interviews with text descriptions,coding classification analysis.Results More than 70％ of general practitioners had the demand for strengthening the training of the clinical medicine,the knowledge of humanities and social sciences as well as clinical research methods,but the demand for the training of general medical theory and basic medicine was small,only accounting for 22.50％ general practitioners.More than 90.00％ of general practitioners were in favor of targeted flexible training methods.More than 85.00％ of general practitioners believed that existing training teachers' teaching abilities were very good,and they agreed to open general practitioner training project in medical colleges and universities.The surveyed physicians also made some criticism about too many training departments,low training quality,too many training programs,and training content repetition etc..Conclusion According to the general medical post training needs,human and scientific research of targeted training should be increased by using case discussion,site visit and many flexible and diverse teaching methods and various departments should also be coordinated and the training incentive and evaluation mechanism should be improved to guarantee the quality of training.